Interview Reflection Paper

Interview Reflection Paper
During the interview I did not summarize until the very end. However, at the end of the conversation
I briefly summarized what he had told me about his dilemma with his degree and the progress he
told me he was making on working through his ambivalence. Shortly thereafter we got up and left
the Veterans Resource Center and we both shook hands and thanked each other for the dialogue.
Furthermore, he assured me I helped him bring awareness to his options and the importance of
working through the issue. The assurance he gave was unsolicited. Then we parted ways. In my
opinion, the interview was a successful opportunity to see how evoking a response from an
individual helps them to pull the answers they are looking for from their unconscious mind. It
seemed that some of the solutions he found were already there. It took reflecting his words back to
him in order for him to become aware of them. The open–ended questions seemed to cause him to
dig into his unconscious more so than the reflections. Though the reflections were more of an
instantaneous awareness as opposed to the open–ended questions being more laborious for him.
However, without the questions to help him to dig for answers, the awareness he seemed to gain
may have not been as instantaneous or significant. Seemingly, the more a person digs for
information within themselves the more I am able to reflect back to them. Thus, giving the
individual a chance to gain more awareness.
Pros and Cons The pros of using the
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

A Brief Note On Gender Roles Of Communication
Arisah Donovan
February 18, 2015
Gender Roles in Communication
Every person born into this world has been misunderstood at one point in time, or another. It can be
frustrating at best, or cause major errors to occur in an industry at its worst. However, there are
solutions to these types of miscommunications that people tend to have. For instance, if people took
the time to understand the behaviors, dispositions, characters, and cultures of different individuals,
everyone would have better success in communicating with one another.
There are a variety of ways people tend to communicate, though primarily done through the use of
speech and body language. Yet even without the use of language, people can easily tell if someone is
angry, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Males on the other hand tend to talk about sports, hobbies and finances.
While speaking women tend to use more pronouns and fillers whereas men tend to use fewer
qualifiers.
For example Female: This is a super cool shirt, I love it! Male: This shirt is cool. Transition: Next
we will look at the patterns of behavior in both men and women
I. Behavior is recognized by the way someone conducts themselves and reacts to situations.
II. Behavior especially is tool of communication that people both consciously and unconsciously use
in everyday life.
i.e. Kendra Cherry writes about psychology of the conscious and unconscious mind according to
Freud.
The mind can be divided into two main parts: In quote
1. "The conscious mind includes everything that we are aware of. This is the aspect of our mental
processing that we can think and talk about rationally. A part of this includes our memory, which is
not always part of consciousness but can be retrieved easily at any time and brought into our
awareness. Freud called this ordinary memory the preconscious."
2. "The unconscious mind is a reservoir of feelings, thoughts, urges, and memories that is outside of
our conscious awareness. Most of the contents of the unconscious are unacceptable or unpleasant,
such as feelings of pain, anxiety, or conflict. According to Freud, the unconscious continues to

An Evaluation Of The Alcoholic Beverage And Conversation...
An independent variable, which is what is varied during the experiment, is what will affect the
dependent variable. A change in the independent variable directly causes a change in the dependent
variable, and you can only have one independent variable. The independent variable is the behavior
of one participant that triggers the behavior of another participant. In the first study, the alcoholic
beverage and conversation topic selected by Participant #1 is the independent variable. In the second
study, the behavior of the seller at the store is the independent variable, as is the verbal and
nonverbal communication of some participants in the third study.
A dependent variable is what you measure in the experiment and what is affected during the
experiment. The dependent variable responds to the independent variable. It is called dependent
because it "depends" on the independent variable. In a scientific experiment, you cannot have a
dependent variable without an independent variable. In the first study, the response of the second
person to order the drink and take part in the ongoing conversation is the dependent variable. In the
second study, the dependent variable is the mannerisms with which the customer responds to the
seller. In the third study, the dependent variables are the response of the people in the "in–group",
and the response of the people in the "out–group". You can have more than one dependent variable,
but you can only have one independent variable; in the

Archetypes In The Collective Unconscious
Looking at the concept of archetypes in the collective unconscious is helpful in understanding the
history of human beings as well as an individual's personal history. In every being there exists two
psychic systems. The personal unconscious and the collective unconscious. The personal
unconscious is unique to each individual. It consists of a collection of forgotten or repressed
experiences and memories that at one point were present in the conscious thoughts of the individual
being. These repressed experiences are referred to as complexes. A complex is the way one
remembers and connects meanings to various archetypes or symbols. A child that experienced a
trauma in an environment that always smelt strongly of cigarettes may experience ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
The seating arrangements, the tables, even the therapist. It also includes objects or tools that increase
the interest level through sensations like touch or smell. For example, clay and crayons both create
strong reactions to touch and smell especially if one puts the crayons up to their nose and smells the
wax, or experiences the sensation of clay drying on fingers. A large quantity and variety of materials
is crucial in supporting the dynamic fundamentals of the project. Each individual has the
opportunity to create their own space within the group. This helps in creating a healthy sense of self
and

Slips Of Tongue Essay
Freud's Theory of slips of tongue
Introduction
According to the rearch, slips of the tongue are almost inevitable. For every 1,000 words spoken, we
make one or two errors. Considering that the average pace of speech is 150 words a minute, a slip is
bound to occur about once every seven minutes of continuous talk. Each day, most of us make
somewhere between 7 and 22 verbal slips. In this assignment, I will introduce you the Freud's
Theory of slips of the tongue and discuss the differences between modern researchers' goals of
investigate the speech–error and Freud's goals.
What is Freudian slip (slips of tongue)?
Freudian slips, also known as parapraxis are speech errors that are believed to reveal what is in a
person's unconscious mind. They are named after Sigmund Freud, the father of psychoanalysis and
arguably the most influential and controversial theorist associated with the field of psychology.
Freud proposed that the mind consists of three layers – the conscious, preconscious and
unconscious. [1]
Freud's Theory of (Freudian slip)
In Freud's theory, the unconscious is a storehouse for memories, thoughts, motives and desires that
are too painful or anxiety–provoking for a person to think about ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
In a psychoanalytic sense, however, they are symbols that have much deeper personal significance.
Freud believed that when a person utters something other than what they really intended to say, it is
no accident but rather their unconscious thoughts which have broken through the censorship of the
mind and emerged into consciousness. For example, a woman met her boyfriend's ex–girlfriend for
the first time, "Nice to beat you", she blurted out unconsciously. It might be seen as a unintentional
mistake in normal people's eyes. However, according to the Freud theory, this woman must has
hostility to her boyfriend's ex–girlfriend and this feeling is rooted in her subconscious thoughts.

Freud 's Interest Of Unconscious Ideas
Freud's interest in unconscious ideas was sparked in France after watching demonstrations by Jean–
Martin Charcot and Hippolyte Bernheim. Charcot showed that hysterical conditions like "glove
anesthesia" and blindness without a scientific cause could be cured (though often temporarily)
through ideas and suggestions. The idea on the part of the patient that he cannot see or feel his hand
or any other number of things can be reversed by the hypnotist's command to do whatever he
believes he cannot. His demonstrations showed that the afflicted were not suffering from a problem
in the brain, but rather in the mind. Josef Breuer, a respected internist, was also heavily influenced
by Charcot. He tried to cure a patient suffering from numerous symptoms through hypnosis and
suggestion, but failed. he noticed however that while the patient was under a hypnotic trance, she
started to talk about her symptoms, and he encouraged her to discuss the original incident that
caused her problems. Breuer told Freud about this experience and others, and in 1893 they published
the first psychoanalytic essay. Their essay, "A Preliminary Communication," stated that "Hysterics
suffer mainly from reminiscences." They argued that hysteria was caused by repressed memories
and the feelings that went along with them. Freud and Breuer agreed that symptoms could be cured
if they were traced to their beginnings, the cause unearthed, and then the memories and feelings
were discharged. They also agreed

Looking Below the Surface of Hamlet Essay
The mystery of Shakespeare's Hamlet is a phantom that has haunted students throughout the
centuries. Hamlet is a complete enigma; a puzzle students have tried to piece together since his
introduction into the school curriculum. Throughout the course of Hamlet, the student is constantly
striving to rationalize Hamlet's odd behavior, through the play's written text. In doing so, many
students mistakenly draw their conclusions based on the surface content of Hamlet's statements and
actions.
When drawing into question Hamlet's actions as well as his reasons for acting, many assume that
Hamlet himself is fully aware of his own motives. This assumption in itself produces the very matter
in question. Take for example Hamlet's ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The key to understanding Hamlet lies in the realization of the unconscious energy that provokes him
to action and inaction. By channeling into Hamlet's unconscious, providing both Freudian and
Jungian psychoanalytical perspectives, Hamlet's true unconscious motivation will be uncovered, and
the mystery of Hamlet will be silenced.
The term consciousness refers to "one's awareness of internal and external stimuli. The unconscious
contains thoughts, memories, and desires that are well below the surface of awareness but that
nonetheless exert great influence on behavior."(Weiten) Jung and Freud agree upon the existence of
the unconscious, but their perspectives are vastly different. The core of the Freudian perspective is
centered around Hamlet's relationship with his mother, and the aforementioned example concerning
Hamlet and King Claudius. According to the Freudian view, Hamlet is driven by unconscious sexual
desire and aggravation. This sexual aggression is directed towards his mother and Claudius.
The overall analysis of Hamlet's behavior is represented in Jones' statement, "So far as I can see,
there is no escape from the conclusion that the cause of Hamlet's hesitancy lies in some unconscious
source of repugnance to his task" When Hamlet first hears the ghost's call for revenge, he answers:
Haste me to know't, that I with wings as swift
As mediation or the thoughts of love,
May sweep to

Art Therapy By Florence Cane
expression; it has its roots in the transference in relation between the patient and the therapist, and
on the encouragement of free association". It is therefore closely allied to psychoanalytic therapy.
Florence Cane's contributions to the origins of art therapy are less known than those of her sister
Margaret Naumburg. The "Scribble technique" described in Florence Cane's book 'The Artist in
Each of Us' (1983) has historically been employed by art therapists as a technique to reduce
inhibitions and liberate spontaneous imagery from the unconscious. (Art Therapy; by Hones
Michael ;2013) P111. Michael Edwards was a painter, pioneer art therapist, analytical psychologist
and curator of the picture archive of the artwork of patients of C.G. Jung. He was born in 1930 on
the outskirts of London. He was an early and leading proponent of the field of art therapy. Edwards
observed that Jung made art about his inner experiences as a vivid source of personal insight into his
situation; this in turn informed the development of his psychological theories. No other major
psychologist has attended to his own inner life through imagery in this way. As a Jungian teacher
and practitioner. Edwards influenced the field of art therapy internationally to appreciate the
potential of symbols and images to carry multiple and ambiguous meaning.
There also have been different interpretations and terms developed for the art therapy. According to
(Malchiodi; 2006) in her book "The Art Therapy Sourcebook" art therapy is a "modality" for self–
understanding, emotional change and personal growth. Many art therapists use a technique called
"active imagination", which was created by Carl Jung. Using this process clients use their image to
freely associate other thoughts or feelings that come spontaneously to their minds. Some therapists
also use "gestalt methods". Gestalts focuses on the whole picture in the here and now. Gestalt art
therapists may use a client's image to jumpstart a discussion clients may be asked to describe their
image from the image's perspective. Malchiodi gave this example. "I am many red circles and I feel
crowded, happy, passionate and playful". Edith Kramer a renowned US art therapist, artist and
author, is

Theoretical Views Essay
Psychology is now and always has been a strongly debated science. Beginning from the time
psychology first became separated from the philosophy and biology sciences, there has been
controversy. The subject, most debated, was the explanation and description of human behavior as
well as the human mind. It was the schools of thought in psychology that allowed for the major
names in psychology that we study and read about on what seems to be a daily basis that put
theoretical opinions and differences out in the open for everyone to study and perhaps formulate
their own studies and/or opinions alike. There are major names in history of psychology such as;
Sigmund Freud, Alfred Adler, Carl Jung, and William James. Each psychologist's mentioned ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
If an individual believed they were inferior to others then they become exactly as they believed.
Either way each person has their own perspective and beliefs behind psychology, is there a
perspective that you believe in?
Sigmund Freud
Sigmund Freud, the father of psychoanalysis, studied medicine and became a doctor, however; his
interests were primarily focused on research. He is the product of intelligent influences from many
important philosophers such as; Ernst Brucke, Charles Darwin and Joseph Breuer, who he met in
medical school after some studies together mostly on Anna O., coauthored Studies on Hysteria
(Goodwin, 2008). One of the most noted and controversial theory's from Freud was possibly his
psychosexual theory. The psychosexual theory is broken down in stages of development; oral, anal,
phallic, latency, and, genital. Freud theorized that each child goes through periods of childhood
where each part of their body is reflected by erotic stimulation according to his or her erogenous
zones, mouth, anus, and genital areas. Freud suggested if these stages were interrupted or
dysfunctional it would consequently affect the child and they would have issue lingering into their
adulthood. (Stevenson, 2001). Another theory of that Freud researched was the Id, ego, and
superego. This idea was also a development theory which would advance itself in different stages.
The id stage began at birth, it would be considered the need stage. An individual may not

Summary Of The Ego And The Identity Chapter 2
In Chapter 2 of The Ego and the ID, Freud explores the functionality of both the Ego and the Id and
their relationship to human functioning regarding what the conscious, unconscious, and
preconscious are. Freud explains that the unconscious is made up of any thoughts and feelings
without being limited by societal restrictions such as laws, manners, or modesty. The conscious is
the understood perception of unconscious things that have transformed and are now deemed to be
acceptable. The preconscious is a mediator within the unconscious through which thoughts pass and
mutate in order to have the capacity to become conscious. An interesting facet that Freud uses to
determine whether something is considered unconscious or preconscious is language. ... Show more
In Principles of Mental Functioning, published in 1911, 12 years before Ego and the ID, Freud
explains how he believes art is a form of mediation between the unconscious and the conscious. He
states that "an artist is originally a man who turns away from reality because he cannot come to
terms with the renunciation of instinctual satisfaction which it at first demands" (69). Art is a way
that ideas from the unconscious can come to fruition in the preconscious and then the conscious
without being mediated by language. However, this contradicts what Freud says in his later work: if
art is not mediated by language, is art a product of feelings rather than thoughts? Many people
speculate over art pieces in an effort to determine the meaning behind certain pieces, but unless
blatantly stated, it's nearly impossible to apply meaning to many art pieces. This reflects another
disparity between thoughts and ideas: it's possible to ask an artist what they were thinking and the
ideas they had behind a piece of art, but impossible to perfectly invoke the same feelings they had
when the art was created. Would language do this differently? Language allows for thoughts to be
transferred to other people, but art isolates thoughts to the individual because the artist is the only
one who understands the thoughts and functions behind their artwork. This suggests that the nature
of the preconscious is to mediate what is able to be understood by an outside party. In a situation
where external factors are necessary to satisfy any unconscious desires, the preconscious is used to
obtain that satisfaction. For example, a child who complains that they are hungry may expect an
external force to bring them food because they are unable to satisfy

Personal and Collective Unconscious
The Personal and Collective Unconscious
To many, the unconscious is a section of our minds that is inconceivable and almost nonexistent.
Like many things in life, what we cannot explain, we cannot accept. Sigmund Freud, mastermind of
the field of psychology, began to theorize and explain the concept of the unconscious and its effects
on our personal lives. Carl Gustav Jung was a young colleague of Sigmund Freud who made the
"exploration of this "inner space" [the unconscious] his life's work (Boeree 1). Jung was not only
knowledgeable on the Freudian theory he was also knowledgeable in mythology, religion,
philosophy and "traditions such as Gnosticism, Alchemy, Kabala, and similar traditions in Hinduism
and Buddhism" (Boeree 1). Jung ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
(Carl Gustav Jung 76, 77)
Our memories are in fact like a "car" that disappears around a corner. Just because it is no longer
visible it doesn't mean that the car is no longer existent. It is the same with our thoughts and
memories. Once we think or experience something it becomes stored in our minds. This is then what
begins to dictate the way in which we carry out our lives. Our minds are continuously working and
our personal unconscious allows us to store information and experiences that can either be retrieved
or unconsciously applied. The personal unconscious, therefore, is distinguished by the fact that "the
materials contained in this layer are of a personal nature in so far as they have the character partly of
acquisitions derived from the individual's life and partly of psychological factors which could just as
well be conscious" (494). Not only is the personal unconscious different for each individual, it can
easily be recalled or conscious. This is what separates the personal conscious from the collective
unconscious.
The collective unconscious is the part of the unconscious that was never conscious before.
Therefore, "the contents of the collective unconscious have never been in consciousness, and
therefore have never been individually acquired, but owe their existence exclusively to heredity" (C.
G Jung 1). The collective unconscious is the area where we find the kind of knowledge we are all
born

Psychoanalysis : What Is Psychoanalysis?
What is Psychoanalysis?
According to the dictionary "Psychoanalysis is a systematic structure of theories concerning the
relation of conscious and unconscious psychological processes." (Freudfile.org, 2017).
Psychoanalysis is used and described in many forms through sociology, literature, religion,
mythology, and many more inciting public interest even though people do not always understand it.
Therefore psychoanalysis is also often introduced through media such as TV, radio, and film scripts.
Movies depicted an interest to the understanding of psychoanalysis; the most distinct one was a
movie dedicated to Sigmund Freud which presented the uncertain years of his beginning in
psychoanalysis. A proper definition of psychoanalysis is ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
(Angel 2000: 76) As Gaston Bachelard a French philosopher states "When the image is new, the
world is new" (Angel 2000: 76). Therefore space and mind both create a new experience for people
to use as well as to capture new memories.
Part of this creation is through the experience of designing and analysing the relation between them.
An interview by Valerie Tate Angel, an American psychoanalyst, was held with Richard Meier an
American abstract artist and architect in 1998, at the New York historical society (Angel 2000: 77).
Where he was a panellist at a conference on the preservation of New York City landmarks and
architecture. Within the interview he was given to analysis the work of Gaston Bachelard in his
book "The Poetics of space" (1958) which explains from a phenomenological viewpoint of how
spaces can shape our thoughts and memories. Where Gaston Bachelard starts to explain, to a
psychoanalyst it is essential to listen and understand the exact words of the analysed and co–create
the main meaning. Within the process of discovering between the analyst and analysed, the words
used highlights the past and present incidents. The dialogue of the interview is derived from one's
own experience with interrelated nature of architecture and psychoanalysis as Bachelard states
"Paradox of a phenomenology of the imagination, which is: how

Experiential Family Therapy
Experiential family therapy (EFT) was first developed in the 1960's by physician and psychotherapy
pioneer Carl Whitaker and is aimed at helping individual family members feel fulfilled and self–
actualized within the family unit by means of improving cooperation and intimacy among family
members. Unlike other schools of family therapy, EFT does not focus on the perceived problems of
individual family members but examines how family interactions and communications cause
problems for the individual family members. It is important to remember that, due to the level of
interpersonal involvement needed in this style of therapy it requires every family member involved
to fully participate in the process. For optimum effectiveness, the family should already be relatively
stable.</p> Whitaker's approach to EFT is known as the symbolic–experiential model. This model
emphasizes immediate, here–and–now experiences rather than the introspective methods of earlier
theories and promotes emotional expression as a medium of shared experience and as a means of
both personal and family fulfillment. Symbolic–experiential family therapy is predicated on the
existential idea that there is a great deal more to a family's dynamics and existence than is
empirically observable; unconscious dynamics, histories of shared and individual experiences,
secrets, etc. This model attempts to integrate two different aspects of human experience; experience
and "symbols." Experience is what is taken in

Analysis Of George Orwell 's ' Everyday Life '
From writing in our diaries to reporting on major political wars, we use words to express our ideas
and spread news. However, what if those very same words were the source of dishonesty and lies in
the world today? In his essay Politics and the English Language, George Orwell explains how
language is used to hide facts that may sound displeasing to the public, while in his text The
Psychopathology of Everyday Life (1901), Sigmund Freud proves how language is used to hide
unacceptable thoughts deep within our minds. Orwell and Freud hold different opinions on what
language is used to hide due to their differing historical contexts, but they both conclude that
language, in its current state, cannot be trusted.
Orwell offers several reasons as to why the English language is in decline, but his analysis of
political writings and misuse of phrases best concludes how and why the language cannot be trusted.
As he describes the writing, he emphasizes the euphemisms and bad habits that stem from it. He
states, "When there is a gap between one 's real and one 's declared aims, one turns as it were
instinctively to long words and exhausted idioms, like a cuttlefish spurting out ink." Orwell explains
how speakers tend to lose the meaning of their own words when resorting to "long words and
exhausted idioms." Orwell takes advantage of his position as the author and expresses his thoughts
in a didactic manner. He uses the third person point of view to point out a mistake that many

What Is Freudian Slip Theory
Introduction
Freudian slip theory was originally created by Sigmund Freud. He was an Austrian neurologist and
was better known as the founder of psychoanalysis (1856–1939). Psychoanalysis can be defined as a
set of psychological theories which includes the Freudian slip theory. He believed that everyone
possess an unconscious mind, feelings, desires and memories in their lifetime. It is to be said that
peoples will bring their unconscious content on their mind to their conscious awareness and people
will be able to experience catharsis and gain insight into their current state of mind. (Cherry, What is
Psychoanalysis?, 2016)
Freud's theory of slips of the tongue and pen Sigmund Freud theory is formed based on peoples
brings the unconscious thoughts to conscious self. Freudian slip is the Hint of the Unconscious.
(Cherry, What ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In Freud's theory, the conscious mind includes everything that people are aware of an aspect of
mental processing that can help people think and talk rationally with peoples around them. The
unconscious mind is the area fills with feelings, thoughts and memories which others are unaware of
it. These feelings are mostly unacceptable or unpleasant such as feelings of pain, anxiety, anger or
conflict. Freud suggests that it is the conflicts between the conscious views on the reality and the
unconscious view on repressed materials that cause such negative mental disturbance such as
anxiety, depression and obsession. Researchers took 11 patients with anxiety disorder and measure
their brain activity while they were confronted with conscious versus unconscious stimuli. They
resulted in founding a new measurement of the brain's alpha wave frequency, linked to
communication, was made when the unconscious conflict words were presented directly before the
conscious words. They believe that repression might be involved in the Freudian

Thesis Of Transference In Teaching
According to Lacan (271–283), Freud promotes an ideological comprehension of pedagogy where
notions such as transference can be applied logically to learning and teaching. Transference in
teaching can happen in any number of ways, either the student transfers feelings to the subjects of
the text or they transfer feelings to the teacher. The student places their trust in the teacher and
endows the teacher with the prestige and power of the subject of knowledge. When the teacher is the
subject of transference, they present knowledge to the student as a type of bait that promises they
will learn all they need. The student is lured into recognizing unconscious discourse. When the
student learns something in this way, they do not just merely repeat what they have been taught,
they also produce it. For instance, if the student is learning language, they will not just repeat after
the teacher, they will produce language on their own by forming their own sentences and using the
right language in the right context. Transference is also applicable to teaching in terms of response
teaching. This is a technique that ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It is the form of communication that makes the tutor and the psychoanalyst similar. However, like
with other concepts that theorize learning, this is only applicable to learning in certain contexts. For
instance, one on one communication may not be possible in a context where instructors deal with
large classes. The psychoanalytic situation will is present when teachers are in contexts that allow
them to be affective and supportive in unique one on one communication contexts. An interpersonal
relationship between the teacher and student is important. Like in a psychoanalytic context, the
quality of the relationship will determine the effectiveness of the therapeutic process. Students are
not just assessed on their ability to write, but also on their ability to

Unconscious Jung
Freud broke the structure of the mind into two topographies. The first topography consisted of the
conscious, unconscious and the preconscious. The conscious part of the mind is made up of our
thoughts, memories, feelings, beliefs and motivations which we are aware at any given instant. This
is the part of our mental processing that we can think and talk about reasonably. The unconscious
holds one's basic instincts and impulses and our repressed childhood memories. The unconscious
often holds undesirable, such as feelings of pain, anxiety, or conflict. According to Freud, the
unconscious influences our actions and experience, even though we are unconscious of these
influences. Lastly, the preconscious can be seen as the link between the conscious ... Show more
According to him, dreams are concerned with experiences from one's past, present and also
information representing where one should be going in the future. Jung went further than Freud in
saying that dream symbols expressed archetypal energies common to humankind; he said that if one
focuses on the symbols in their dreams, they will have direction from the collective unconscious, the
wisdom of ages, concerning their imbalanced energies. In essence, he understood dreams as they
linked to the personal unconscious and the level of the collective unconscious in his patients
(Nicholas,

Systemic Psychodynamic Coaching in the Workplace
Systemic Psychodynamic Coaching in the Workplace: Workplace coaching is a term that refers to
the process of equipping people in the working environment with necessary tools, opportunities, and
knowledge for total development in order to enhance their effectiveness from an individual,
organizational, and work perspective. Workplace coaching has emerged as a major concept in
modern organizations since leaders, researchers, and organizations have identified it as a crucial
competency in leadership and management (Cacioppe, n.d.). The increase in this practice has also
been attributed to the fact that employees continue to request for coaching. As an important
competency in leadership and management, workplace coaching has assumed different perspectives
and approaches because of the existence of various coaching models such as Systemic
Psychodynamic Coaching model. The Concept of Workplace Coaching: As previously mentioned,
the concept of workplace coaching can be defined as the knowledge, skills, and processes through
which people engage themselves in making the maximum impact and continually developing
themselves and organizations in light of constant change. While this coaching process utilizes
similar communication processes with therapy or counseling, it is not the same as counseling or
therapy. The difference between the two is attributed to the fact that therapy focuses on resolution
and healing of the past while workplace coaching focuses on creativity, action,

Freudian Slip Theory Essay
Introduction
brings the unconscious thoughts to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In 1981, Erdelyi found a Freudian slip in an article criticizing Freudian ideas. Erdelyi had previously
written an article titled: "Let us not sweep repression under the rug," a title which was itself a play
on words. But when Loftus and Loftus (1980) cited the paper, while arguing against repressed
memories, they rendered the title as, "Let us now sweep repression under the rug." To Erdelyi, that
was exactly what they were trying to do, so he saw this error as an amusing Freudian slip.
In contrast, there are evidence that proves Freudian slips is unavoidable and peoples will correct it if
they say it or wrote it wrongly. It is clear that slips and mistake are two different things as if ones
who make a mistake and instantly he/she will correct it, that will be the slips of tongue or pen but if
ones kept on making the same mistakes over and over again and he/she does not know how to
correct it, obviously that is a mistake made by the person. However, since Sigmund Freud's theory
been introduced there were many philosopher and researcher who disagree with his idea. Why?
Modern views on Freudian

Essay about Subliminal Consciousness
–1957–
Significant increases in soft drink and popcorn sales are noted after directives to "Drink
Coke" and "Eat Popcorn" were subliminally projected onto a movie screen over a
six week period. The duration of the messages were so short that they were never consciously
perceived. Despite admission of a hoax, the sales of popcorn rose 57.7% and the sales of Coca–Cola
reportedly rose 18.1%. (Williamson, 1984)
–1985–
The families of two boys who committed suicide sued musicians Judas Priest, for allegedly placing
in a song a subliminal message – "Do it" – that the plaintiffs believed pushed their sons into suicide
(Williamson, 1984).
The Orwellian concept that our thoughts, attitudes, and behaviours are capable of ... Show more
Freuds' dynamic unconscious is the supposed repository of repressed forbidden wishes of a sexual
or aggressive nature, which recklessly seek immediate gratification, independently of the constraints
of external reality, but whose re–entry or initial entry into consciousness is prevented by the
defensive operations of the ego.
Where our conscious mind is relatively limited, our nonconscious mind is capable of processing
large amounts of information, which is hidden and too complex to be identified by our
consciousness (Kihlstrom, 1987). According to the info–processing model, our nonconsciousness is
smarter, but not because of any pre–existing, genetically determined wisdom, rather its' intelligence
is a by–product of the extremely effective mechanisms of the acquisition of information
(Shevrin,1980). This suggests that although the nonconscious mind can often mislead or bias our
decisions, the contents of our nonconscious knowledge structures do not include anything that
would not be either acquired from the outside world or created as a function of that acquired
information.
Identified as a "repository of repressed contents (Eagle,1987), Freuds' dynamic unconscious has an
important difference with the cognitive nonconsciousness, primarily in relation to the concept of
repression and recoverability of unconscious contents. Freuds' term repression is the process of

Psychology Of Religion : The Mad, Holy And Demonic
VPR – 2209 Psychology of Religion: The Mad, Holy and Demonic
Assessment 1: Essay (3,000 words)
Question 4: What is the unconscious and what is its relevance in understanding religious belief or
religious experience? Answer with reference to either Jung or Freud, or to both Jung and Freud.
It is widely assumed that in the field of psychoanalytic theory there are only two major influential
characters when discussing the effect and importance of religion on the unconscious, these
characters being Sigmund Freud and Carl Jung. With marked similarities in definitions of the
unconscious yet obvious argument over religions place in the unconscious and its relevance to the
individual, it makes for an interesting yet thought provoking exploration of the inner psyche.
The definition of the unconscious mind as referred to by Sigmund Freud in his psychoanalytic
theory of personality is understood to be a "reservoir of feelings, thoughts, urges and memories that
are outside of our conscious awareness." It is regarded that the majority of the unconscious is
considered to be inappropriate by the conscious mind and as a result is repressed. It harbours
feelings such as anger, panic, discord, painful memories or trauma. Freud believes that we are
inherently influenced by our unconscious, it leaking into our behaviour and experiences although we
are unaware of such an occurrence.
Carl Jung similarly defines the unconscious, using the term "personal unconscious". Jung

Whe Jay Leno: A Case Study In Building Rapport
Rapport Rapport is the common ground we are all looking for and it is an essential building block of
charisma. As previously mentioned, we are all seeking connections with other people with which we
share common ground. We are attracted to people who seem to be the same as us on some level
because we can relate to them and their experiences. Being able to build instant rapport is a hallmark
of a charismatic person. It is the most important ingredient to creating new connections. It is the key
that opens the door to new, meaningful relationships. When we meet someone new, we are both
trying to see if we have a key that fits their door – if we have some kind of shared belief, experience,
fear, or passion from which a bond can be built. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As the former host of The Tonight Show, this is a skill Jay Leno perfected over his years hosting the
show. But being able to build rapport with the people populating his couch wasn't always enough. At
one point, The Tonight Show was losing the ratings war to Late Night with David Letterman and the
team at The Tonight Show needed to make changes to try and get back on top. One of the changes
they made was to move some of the audience member seating closer to the stage. This made it
possible for Leno to walk over and shake audience member's hands on the way to his desk. This
may seem like a small and insignificant thing but it was one of the changes credited with boosting
the show's ratings. It helped because it allowed Leno to build rapport with the studio audience right
at the beginning of the show. Since the people in the studio audience were just like the people in the
home audience, viewers responded as if he was shaking their hands too. They felt like they were part
of the experience and that made them want to

Comparing James and Jung's Perspectives on Religious...
1. Are the perspectives on religious experience presented in William James' Varieties and in Jung
compatible? Briefly explain and compare them.
For William James, his perspective on religious experience was skeptical. He divided religion
between institutional religion and personal religion. For institutional religion he made reference to
the religious group or organization that plays a critical part in the culture of a society. Personal
religion he defined as when an individual has a mystical experience which can occur regardless of
the culture. James was more focused on the personal religious experience, "the feelings, acts, and
experiences of individual men in their solitude, so far as they apprehend themselves to stand in ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Central to Jung's process of finding one's innate potential was the idea of the numinous. This is
characterized by the power or presence of a divinity. This was closely related to the idea of
synchronicity, which is when two or more events that seem to be unrelated occur together in a
meaningful way, and would be unlikely to occur by chance.
Jung's idea of experiences of synchronicity included the presence of archetypes. An archetype is an
ideal example or model person that others copy or base their actions upon. Jung had archetypes such
as the animus, the anima, and the shadow. The animus is expressed as a masculine inner personality
in females, while the anima is expressed as a feminine inner personality in males. The shadow
archetype consists of repressed shortcomings, weaknesses, and instincts. These archetypes are of the
collective unconscious, and not based on people in their daily lives.
While there are some similarities between James' and Jung's views on religious experience, there is
also a great deal of opposing views. James was focused on the mystic experience of religion as a
personal one and was not in favor of organized religion. Jung on the other hand, studied many
organized religions and believed that an institutional setting was beneficial in finding one's innate
potential. Clearly, they both believed that there was a definite psychological factor in religion, but
James had a personal psychological

Freudian Slip Essay
Introduction
brings the unconscious thoughts to conscious self. Freudian slip is the Hint of the Unconscious.
(Cherry, What is a Freudian Slip?, 2015) A Freudian slip also known as a parapraxis, is an error of
speech and memory or physical action which Freud stated was a result of interference of self–own
unconsciousness wish, desire, conflict or train of thought. Freud believed errors of all types were
revealing. It acted like a defense mechanisms and errors come in many varieties. Freudian slips are
errors of language such as word substitutions and mispronunciations. ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
However, the networks often operate through a process he names "spreading activation" trip over
each other. Spreading activation is method for searching associative networks, neural networks or
semantic networks. The result of spreading activation is a slip of the tongue and it makes him
believes that it is a good thing. A language–production system that is error–prone allows for the
"novel production" of words. It is prima facie evidence of linguistic flexibility, proof of the great
dexterity of the human mind. (Pincott,

The Spirit Catches You And You Fall Down
Commonly, culture is considered large and extravagant events and holidays, such as Diwali, a
wedding, or the Fourth of July. Each event and holiday have specific traits and rituals that occur to
distinguish the event from everyday life, but culture isn't exclusive to lavish events such as these and
include everyday activities such as watching a football game and listening to a speech. Every belief,
behavior, and symbolic system that a person shares with another is an example of culture. Authors
Anne Fadiman and Joshua Reno explores the different aspects of culture and ethnography in their
two books, The Spirit Catches You and You Fall Down: A Hmong Child, Her American Doctors, and
the Collision of Two Cultures, and Waste Away: Working and ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Souls, spirits, and their purpose regarding humans and life influences different Hmong cultural
traditions, such as the Seed Ceremony, the String–Tying ritual, and a Hmong funeral (PBS:1). Each
tradition involves souls and their connections to the human body, which establishes the importance
of souls in the Hmong culture as they are a continuing theme and belief in many traditions and
rituals (PBS:1). The Hmong and this connections to the soul is an example of habitus, unconscious
actions and activities individuals in a group do often. The people are believing in spirits and their
connection to souls. It is an unconscious and unquestionable belief shared by the Hmong people;
therefore, categorizing the active thought and belief in spirits as habitus. Considering the Hmong's
viewpoint on souls in traditional rituals as habitus is critical to understand because it establishes that
these views are common and important to the Hmong, thus establishing this view as an ordinary
detail of their life. Spirits and their healing powers have a much greater value in Hmong culture over
other healing methods, such as western medicine. Due to their large faith and belief in healing with
spirits, other practices are not taken as seriously, as evident by Lia's parents and not following the
medication's directions. There was a language and cultural barrier that also influenced their

Describe The Importance Of Building Rapport
For many, starting a conversation with a stranger is a stressful event. We can be lost for words,
awkward with our body language and mannerisms. Creating rapport at the beginning of a
conversation with somebody new will often make the outcome of the conversation more positive.
Rapport is a state of harmonious understanding with another individual or group that enables greater
and easier communication. You have rapport with someone when there is mutual liking and trust.
Once you've established rapport with a person, he or she is far more likely to be open with you and
share information, buy your product, recommend you to others, or support your ideas. It is important
to build rapport with your client/colleague as it gets there unconscious mind ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
Break the ice with new colleagues or with your boss when you start a new job.
Get support for your ideas and proposals. In short, establishing rapport with people can open doors,
create opportunities, and lead to excellent relationships.
Importance of Building Rapport
It is important to build rapport with your client/colleague as it gets there unconscious mind to accept
and begin to process your suggestions. They are made to feel comfortable and relaxed–open to
suggestions. Rapport is one of the most important features or characteristics of unconscious human
interaction. It is commonality of perspective, being in "sync", and being on the same "wavelength"
as the person with whom you are talking.
In terms of building rapport – you are the message. And you need all parts of you working in
harmony: words, pictures, and sounds. If you don't look confident – as if you believe in your
message – people will not listen to what you are saying. Rapport involves being able to see eye–to–
eye with other people, connecting on their wavelength
Steps to Build Rapport:
1. Mirror their body language.
Posture/Body Movement: Wait 10 seconds, and then shift your body in the same

Psychoanalytic Theory : Psychoanalytic And Psychoanalytic...
Psychoanalytic aka "Psychodynamic"
The psychoanalytic perspective, is the outlook that behavior and personality are effected by the
conflict between one's inner dreams n and expectation of society. Most of this conflict occurs in
unconscious, which is outside the knowledge of an individual. Renowned psychologist, Freud
established the psychoanalytic theory as an explanation for perplexed phenomena such as the
meaning behind dreams, slips of the tongue, and behavioral reflex reactions to stressful situations.
The unconscious is a primary focus in psychoanalytic theory due to its typical development in
childhood and the ways in which it influences nearly every detail of an individual's life. The
unconscious mind also holds unvented memories and unexpressed urges that make their process into
the conscious mind through a variety of different means. However, topographical theory of the mind
states that conscious, preconscious, and unconscious serve as motivating forces in human behavior.
Corsin & Wedding (2011) define the conscious as mental activity which individuals are fully aware
of, preconscious as thoughts and feelings that could be easily brought to mind and unconscious as
thoughts, feelings, and desires of which one is unaware of. Sigmund Freud defines self–psychology
as the conceptualization of the relationships within self–object. Identically self–psychology, is
design to

Carl Jung 's Theory Of Psychology Essay
Carl Jung – Theory 1 Carl Jung was a Swiss psychiatrist and created the idea, and established the
school of analytical psychology. He proposed and developed the extroverted and introverted
personality, archetypes, and the collective unconscious. Jung felt as if he was both a extroverted and
introverted person, as if he had two personalities. Jung had a lonely childhood and observed his
family and the adults in his life. He watched over his parents and teachers, in order to understand
their behavior, especially the behavior of his father. Through his work, Jung outlined one of his
basic concepts, the underlying processes of what we perceive to be our psyche. Jung decided to
study word association in patients. With word association Jung associated the word complex. Jung
also wanted to understand the symbolic meaning of the unconscious. He was interested in tracing
the analogies between the contents of the unconscious in Western man and the myths, cults, and
rituals of primitive peoples. Analytical psychology assumes the occult phenomena will influence
lives of Jung's patients. Those patients would inherit experiences from ancestors as a form of a
collective unconscious. Analytical psychology would aim at achieving a balance between opposing
forces and people motivated by both conscious and unconscious thoughts. The levels of the psyche
in Jung 's theory goes from the conscious, which is the psychic images sensed by the ego, to the
personal unconscious, the forgotten or

Assignment 1 Crisis Situation Assignment
Assignment 1: Crisis Situation Assignment
The Cause This summer I had the opportunity to enroll in a practicum with the Calgary Police
Service. One call in particular involved a domestic dispute over child custody, and the officer and I
were the first to arrive on the scene. We approached the residence and herd shouting from the front
door. At this point it is apparent the conflict between the parties has been ongoing for some time.
The officer and I called for an additional patrol vehicle, and once they arrived we entered the
residence. Upon entering the residence there was a male and two females, the one female and male
are a couple, who will use the name Bob and Jane, and the other female was the mother of the child
who will use the name ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Her non–verbal behaviour demonstrates she was upset and distraught. During our interview with
her, she paced back and forth nonstop. There were a few times she attempted to grab something to
throw at us, but we intercepted it by moving slowly moving in front of the object. She constantly
talked with her hands, and her body posture which infers she was in a defensive stance, ready if we
were going to go hands on. However, it was not just her body language which can attest to her
behaviour, but also the tone, volume, and speed of her speech. When ever we asked a question about
her son the tone of her voice was soft, the volume low, and the speed of her speech was slow. This
suggests that she was calm, and collected; however, whenever the officer and I tried to talk to Debra
about her relationship with Joe, her tone of voice would instantly change into a more aggressive
tone and her volume would increase until she shouted. It was clear that she the relationship between
Debra and Joe was not good, and that it is an ongoing problem. In regard to her verbal behaviour,
she was using crude language and would emphasize her frustration. Based on her verbal and
nonverbal behaviour the officer and I had to play a balance game. We needed to ensure we could
obtain the information needed, but also not push too hard, so she would not become overwhelmed.
Once the officer was

Psychoanalitic Approach to The Minister’s Black Veil Essay
"All within hearing immediately turned about, and beheld the semblance of Mr. Hooper, pacing
slowly his meditative way towards the meeting–house. With one accord they started, expressing
more wonder than if some strange minister were coming to dust the cushions of Mr. Hooper's
pulpit·" Working in the realm of the Gothic, Nathaniel Hawthorne hits upon psychological points
that few of his readers are willing to explore. Of course, one may not be able to relate to an example
involving such an "eccentric" display as Mr. Hooper's. There is a sudden hush throughout the
audience, followed by a rush of low whispering. He walks past them, oblivious to the goings–on and
proceeds to the front. Something has changed, and everyone is aware. It is ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Jung began to assert the importance of myth, including findings that myths from around the world
seemed to have certain common elements although completely isolated and uninfluenced by one
another. Seeing that these similarities were in large number Jung began to apply them to his theories.
The more popular of the theories include the concept of the archetype, the anima and the animus.
The theory that best suits the style of Hawthorne's Gothic is that of conflict, both internal and
external. Jung's approach to conflict involved the many internal conflicts between the conscious and
unconscious parts of the mind. Jung saw these similarities often led to similarities in the
psychologies of the different cultures. The conflict between the conscious and the unconscious is a
basic premise of this realm of thought. Jung supposed that the unconscious was always "yearning"
to become a part of the conscious mind. Assuming this is true, repressed memories, thoughts or
tendencies are always trying to surface into the conscious mind. This is what Jung proposed was the
main element in the conflict between the conscious and the unconscious. With this it is possible to
ask questions about Minister Hooper's intent. Assuming that repression is the driving force behind
his actions, it is safe to presume he is hiding something. The "something" in this case is not the most
important part, until conclusion takes place, of this particular part of the analysis. Was Mr. Hooper
hiding this

Sigmund Freud 's View Of Dreams And The Unconscious Mind
Sigmund Freud remains a well–known psychoanalyst. Freud dedicated his life to studying the
hidden motives behind human behavior, as shown through his analyses of dreams and the
unconscious mind. Freud also discovered that humans use defense mechanisms such as repression to
keep the ideas of the unconscious mind from surfacing. While Freud made lasting impressions in the
realm of psychology and psychoanalysis, critics find his analysis in the Dora case to be one–sided,
disregarding Dora's own interpretation and treating her as a typical passive woman. However, the
case does give insight to Freud's significant interpretations and his value on dreams and the
unconscious mind in relation to how they affect Dora's hysteria. In "Fragment of an Analysis of a
Case of Hysteria ("Dora")," Dora's, whose real name is Ida Bauer, father visits Freud for his own
mental issues, and later sends his daughter to meet with Freud as well to discuss her recent physical
ailments and emotional hysteria. Meanwhile, Freud makes note, from memory, rather than taking
note during the actual meetings, of Dora's experiences and his own analysis of the events of her life
and their effects on her health. In the "Dora" case, Sigmund Freud explores the ideas of the
unconscious mind and how dreams help to uncover the hidden motives and feelings behind Dora's
hysteria, but at times forgets to take Dora's own perspective into account. The unconscious mind
plays a heavy role in humans' thought processes and, as

Franz Kafka's The Metamorphosis : Animal Or Animalistic?
Animal or Animalistic? In Franz Kafka's novella, The Metamorphosis, Gregor Samsa's
transformation into a "monstrous vermin" can be seen as a window into the human psyche. Freudian
psychology, with its focus on the human unconscious, was developed and becoming increasingly
well–regarded around the time the novella was published in 1915. According to Freud's theory, the
component of the brain called the "id" was the subconscious concerned with pleasure and biological
needs. While the "id" can be counteracted by both the morally superior "superego" and the
conscious "ego" in most humans, Gregor's transformation gives his subconscious new power.
Gregor's metamorphosis serves as a tool to reveal humans animalistic instincts and hidden desires
that are kept in check by personal and societal pressures. Gregor's sense of guilt changes from what
drives his actions to something that merely plagues his thoughts. At the start of the novella, Gregor
reveals that he has to "deal with the problems of traveling, the worries about train connections,
irregular bad food, temporary and constantly changing human relationships... (4)" Each of these
grievances are set in reality and occupy space in his conscious mind. Gregor has intrinsic and
extrinsic motivation, mainly from his family, that encourage him to continue working, even though
he has several problems with his job. After Gregor's transformation, he no longer has control over
his body, as shown when Gregor attempted to get out of bed for

Archetypes Carl Jung
Carl Jung was a Swiss innovator progressing various theories of the unconscious mind. The Swiss
psychotherapist based his work on Sigmund Freud's perspectives and beliefs of the unconscious
mind. Carl Jung had deducted that a human's unconscious personality could not have started in the
cognizant personality. The thought that certain ideas and pieces of imagination within the
unconscious were shared to all individuals within a society was assumed by Jung. This mental
imagery were claimed as "Archetypes" by Jung (hence the term "Jungian archetypes") due to the
images being ubiquitous and all inclusive to humans. A famous example of a Jungian archetype is
the structure of the father and mother. Carl Jung later assumed through his work that ... Show more
The Swiss psychotherapist claimed that these symbolic dreams tie into a total human collective. I
believe this to a very small extent. In the terms of that our human ancestors have greatly melded and
mixed over time to where almost all of modern society has genetic ties, then absolutely. I say this
because genetics can influence the way humans think, physically endure the environment, survive,
etc. There may be a great similarity in the way humans are physically constructed due to genetics.
This aspect can also greatly affect brain structure. Assuming that a human's brain works similarly to
his or her neighbor's, it is safe to think that both the person and his/her neighbor have certain pieces
of subconscious symbolism that can mean something very much

The Human Body 's Actions
Most people assume that you only show your emotions through your face, this is not accurate. Your
entire body conveys what your mental state is at the current time. The human body's actions, both
conscious and unconscious, reflect what your mental state is. What people say can be extremely
different from what they're thinking. By understanding what body language suggests to a person 's
unconscious mind one can learn how to convey the signals that they want to. A better understanding
of body language can be useful in communicating and in understanding others.
The first step in understanding what someone is really thinking would be to scan his or her whole
body. Standing up straight with shoulders back is a sign of confidence and control. The opposite
would be shoulders lurched forward, limp body posture, and chronic sagging. This will make one
appear like they're in need of help and sympathy or this could tell people that you do not feel very
good about yourself. When you're having a conversation with someone (especially the opposite sex),
see if they're mirroring you. Should someone mimic your body language, it is a genuine indication
that they're trying to establish a close relationship with you. Try changing your body language to see
if they change theirs similarly.
Next, pay attention to head positions. An overly tilted head can either be an indication of sympathy
or of a crush. If there is a smile with an exceedingly tilted head, they like you. Lowering the head is
a

Is Body Language A Person 's Symbol Making Ability?
both gestures and vocal sounds can be considered as part of a person 's symbol–making ability. By
"symbol–making ability" I am referring to the spoken word, writing, numbers and pictures; the ways
in which we communicate. It is this ability which defines many of us and differentiates humans from
the array of other mammals on this planet. However, when we communicate with people, we
generally tend to be taught to pay attention to the spoken symbols, in the form of words that people
say and tend to ignore body language in communication.
So here today are some steps to follow to heighten your awareness of body language in
communication with particular reference to gestures and maybe you can utilise them more yourself.
Step One: Firstly, each time you are having a chat with someone, observe the gestures they make.
There will often be patterns and repeated ways of utilising gestures. Notice how certain gestures
accompany certain words and phrases. Think about what they are doing with this gesture too.
When you listen to someone, their hands will complement or emphasise what they are saying to you
or what they are attempting to communicate. You can watch them paint pictures in the air, and
interact with their imaginary world as they speak. Anyone that has ever seen me speak will notice
that I have very active hands while speaking, if you listen to the podcasts or my audio programmes,
you can even tell that I am using my hands while speaking even though you cannot see me!
The

Psychoanaalysis : Sigmund Freud's Structure Of The Mind
The psychoanalytical school of thought, also known as psychoanalysis, was founded by Sigmund
Freud, around the same time as behaviourism. (McLeod, 2014) While behaviourism focuses on the
environment and its influence on an individuals' behaviour, psychoanalysis aims to study and
analyse the influence that unconscious mental processes have on a persons' thoughts and emotions.
(McLeod, 2014). Freud founded this school of thought with the belief that by enabling a person to
understand their unconscious thoughts would also enable them to cure themselves.
The main focus of the psychoanalytic school is to address issues a person has by digging into their
unconscious mind and developing an understanding of the mental processes that results in the
problematic symptoms. (McLeod, 2014) . Psychoanalysts are strong believers that experiences of
trauma or developmental disruptions from a persons' past have an influence on their current
behaviour (McLeod, 2014), and these are naturally stored in the unconscious section of the mind.
(McLeod, 2015). For this reason, psychoanalysis is often used to treat symptoms of depression and
anxiety disorders, with therapy being the primary source of treatment used.
One of the key theories within the Psychoanalytic school is Sigmund Freud's structure of the mind.
According to Freud, the features of the mind can be compared to the structure of an iceberg
(McLeod, 2015). Within this analogy, the tip of the iceberg represents the conscious mind of

Monomyth And Hero's Journey
According to the last two chapters, I have gained knowledge related to the unconscious mind and
theories of the social construction of self. I also have a further understanding of the concepts of
symbols, archetypes and myth as well as the Hero's Journey of Joseph Campbell's. Moreover, these
two chapters remind me a lot of Consumer Psychology and the power of Media. However, I have
found some similarities and differences between the two chapters and my previous readings.
At the beginning, I have some new and deeper understanding of the conscious mind and the
unconscious mind. As Sigmund Freud's (1915) theory stated, the conscious mind includes
sensations, perceptions, memories and feeling inside of people's current awareness. According to
Martin, N. (2008), he stated out that the unconscious mind has impact on people's behaviors and
habits. People will be driven by their unconscious mind instead ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The archetypes reflect dreams and relate to cultures. In different cultures, the "archetypes" (2005)
would be different. However, Joseph Campbell comes up with the Monomyth, which believes myth
is metaphor. Joseph Campbell demonstrates that all stories are expression of the same story–pattern.
The hero's journey all follows the departure, initiation and return. The Monomyth is applied to
dramas, movies and literatures. The series of Star Wars is one of the most representative examples
that use Campbell's Monomyth.
Joseph Campbell's Monomyth inspires me that we need to create good storytelling when we sell
things to consumers. From my point of view, we can use the monomyth to create particular
messages to the target audiences. As a designer or marketer, we can make use of archetypes to affect
consumer behaviors by shaping the world views or beliefs. In my own opinion, archetypes should be
localized when we create things because people from different culture will behave

Dreams, By Sigmund Freud
A person's dreams appear to have a universal language. In ancient societies, people looked at
dreaming as some kind of supernatural communication and dreams are fascinating mysteries. To
begin the discussion of dreams, it is important to note that dreams are often considered an extension
of consciousness. In other words, dreams can be a way the brain organizes and analyzes the day to
day events during sleep. Everyone dreams, however, not everyone remembers their dreams. The
psychoanalyst, Sigmund Freud, theorized that dreams bury themselves in unconscious emotions and
as we sleep our mind releases these emotions in the form of dreams. He also theorized that dreams
are ways in which people act out suppressed desires. The Interpretation of ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
This theory was a good method of explaining dreams, but it did not predict behavior. In other words,
one cannot prove or refute the validity of Freud's theory. According to Ciccarelli and White (2015),
many of today's professionals no longer appreciate Freud's dream theory (151). Nevertheless,
Freud's legacy lives on as "The Father of Psychoanalysis" (Robinson 2011) and a pioneer in the
study of dreams. Even though, the theory proposed by Freud appears decidedly unscientific. The
unconscious mind was important in Freud's work and the Freudian theory emphasized that the
unconscious mind governed behavior.
Additionally, to study Freud, one must investigate his theory of manifest content and latent content.
While reading Freud, a student learns that the actual content of the dream refers to manifest content.
That is to say, the exact subject matter of the dream makes up the manifest content. At the same
time, Freud believed that the real meaning of a dream referred to latent content. An individual's
personal interpretations define the latent content in Freud's theory. Although rarely recognized,
Freud's career was first and foremost a practitioner Moran 2010). As a psychotherapist Freud
believed that dreams come from deep in the unconscious mind. Perhaps even from things
suppressed since childhood. The study of dreams helped Freud understand the process of
psychoanalyzing people and he believed dreams were a

Carl Gustav Jung: Breaking through the Myth
Carl Gustav Jung is a Swiss psychiatrist and the successor of psychoanalysis with important
intellectual movements of the twentieth century. In his early career, Jung was influenced by the
theory of Sigmund Freud, the founder of psychoanalysis (Breger 2000, p. 217). However, they came
into disagreement in notions which then broke their relationship. It was because Freud's view of
myth was based on reality, which there was no religion involved, whereas Jung though that myth
was based on both reality and religion. Consequently, Jung's notions were commonly accepted by
society because of the wider context. Then, through his research and clinical findings, he developed
some concepts like archetypes, collective unconscious, shadow, extrovert and introvert and persona
(Carter 2011 p. 442). These concepts help Jung to deepen the explanation about myth. For Jung,
myth is a projection of archetypes and collective unconscious. Their form are universal and identical
with every society back into history. Myth can be identical because the original form, the
archetypes, is configured to be the same among human's unconscious globally where people's
psychic realm encounters certain motifs and typical figures that built into the structure of man's
unconsciousness (Jung Myth Ex. 3–4). According to Edward Tylor and James Frazer, myth and
science were contradict where science was factual and myth was not (Segal 2003, p. 48). Therefore,
myth has an important role in human nature and modern

Interview Reflection Paper

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

More from Susan Migliaccio

More from Susan Migliaccio (20)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

Interview Reflection Paper