Functional Health Pattern Community Assessment

Functional Health Pattern Community Assessment
Functional Health Patterns Community Assessment Guide
Functional Health Pattern (FHP) Template Directions:
This FHP template is to be used for organizing community assessment data in preparation for
completion of your collaborative learning community (CLC) assignment. Address every bulleted
statement in each section with data or rationale for deferral. You may also add additional bullet
points if applicable to your community.
Value/Belief Pattern
Predominant ethnic and cultural groups along with beliefs related to health.
Predominant spiritual beliefs in the community that may influence health.
Availability of spiritual resources within or near the community (churches/chapels, synagogues,
chaplains, Bible studies, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Immunization rates (age appropriate).
Appropriate death rates and causes, if applicable.
Prevention programs (dental, fire, fitness, safety, etc.): Does the community think these are
sufficient?
Available health professionals, health resources within the community, and usage.
Common referrals to outside agencies.
QUESTIONS
1.Are there health problems within your community that you know of
I don't get involve in health situations of members except those who tell me and ask for prayers, I
will say high blood pressure amongst the older adults
2.Are children and adult in your community adequately immunized and how do you ensure this.
Members are asked about the immunization status of their children when they are registered for
children's church because they will be with other children. So far we have not had any issues
3.How many deaths have you had within last 2years and what are the causes
In the last 2 years we had 2 deaths of adults less than 40 years old due to cancer
4.Does your community participate in disease prevention programs like fitness, dental care, fire

drills.
Once a year we organize a 5K run/walk that includes church members and Roswell community.
Participants get 2week free gym membership from one of our sponsors. We also do a biggest looser
men and women yearly and award prizes for winners
5.Do you have health care providers in your
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The Benefits of Building a Green House on Western's La...
Presenting the benefits of building a green house facility on Western's La Crosse campus. First
student benefits will be explored ,second the campus's benefits, and third the environmental benefits
will be discussed. Images of the recommended design and a map outlining the proposed location are
presented, and the estimated costs of the proposed kit are included as well. This project will have a
positive impact including supporting Western's efforts toward meeting the needs of the present
without compromising the needs of future generations or in other words being sustainable (Western,
Web).
Introduction . Sustainability and environmental awareness have become topics of increasing
importance ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This project will also enhance our competitive advantage against other campuses that are going
green. In addition a green house would expand our growing season being able to grow some of our
own produce will give us access to fresh, nutritious, and seasonal produce, as well as plants and
flowers during the cold winter months. A study from a top market research company called
Heartman Group shows that over Two thirds of all consumers favor locally grown foods and almost
75 percent expressed the desire for wider selection of these products to be more readily available.
http://green.nau.edu/docs/Sodexo_Sustainability_Brochure.pdf What is grown could be incorporated
into cafeteria, Lunda center, and Western Corner Bistro menu items, used in food labs, and sold at
fundraisers. By growing some of our own vegetables and herbs we are able to reduce the distance
our food travels to get to our plate. Rich Pirog of the Leopold Center for Sustainable Agriculture
reports that the average fresh food item on our dinner table travels 1,500 miles to get there. Buying
locally produced food eliminates the need for all that fuel–guzzling transportation
http://environment.about.com/od/greenlivingdesign/a/locally_grown.htm. This means that growing
some of

Interior Design At The Present Time
Introduction:
This essay aims to look at ethics within interior design at the present time. I will research the most
common ethics related to interior design and gather information from different research methods
Methodology:
The three main research methods used to gather information on Ethics within interior design at the
present time was a literature review, looking into the main ethics within interior design currently,
The second research method was a survey that looked at the consumers thoughts on these ethics,
asking them about there knowledge of Environmentally friendly alternatives and there own choices
for there homes The third research method used was a case study of a construction project in Seattle,
where architecture firm Case Design, designed and built two ECO friendly homes. It looks at the
environmentally friendly features used and also the benefits that these ECO homes had to the local
area.
Literature review:
One of the research methods used was a literature review looking into ethics within interior design.
It will look at the main ethics at the present time. When researching into the main ethics in current
design the main topic found was sustainable and environmentally friendly design. There were many
articles talking about the need for sustainable design but also the need for a fare trade of these
sustainable materials.
When looking into the ecological side of ethics in design the first article, named Ethical House, was
written by Reid

Go Green
XOPS Paper Presentation Competition Date –21/11/2010 "Progression of our nation towards Go
Green" 1. Introduction You only have to look around and think to understand and realize the
graveness and urgency, of why we need to "Go Green". The computer you are using to view this
document is guzzling up power and generating heat from its processor, thus adding to its carbon
footprint, this is without mentioning the hazardous metals used while making it. The clothes that
you are wearing might have been made in Bangladesh and then transported using expensive and
scarce fuels across borders. The milk in the Tetra–pack in your fridge does a pretty good job of
protecting the milk from bacterial infection, but then one wonders how will the ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
One of the highly successful and effective campaigns has been "Lighting a Billion Lives" project
undertaken by NDTV and Toyota where a 24–hour non–stop live television programming across all
NDTV channels are dedicated to improve the environment. With the aim to garner public support,
NDTV telecasted documentaries on each of the mini–campaigns, organized on–grounds events,
clean–up drives and signature campaigns. This campaign made use of different media platforms like
TV, internet, paper, mobile, radio to reach across to the widest audience possible. Apart, the other
popular way of reaching to the target audience that has been adopted is road–shows, documentaries
and dramas. 3. Government – A key Stake holder The exponential growth in awareness campaigns
across the country and worsening scenario of deforestation seems to have finally woken up the
government from its slumber. To address the issue of climate change the government came out with
a national policy and launched a country–wide afforestation campaign in 2007. The government also
formed a committee to look into reasons for melting of ice in the Himalayas. Further, India has its
own climate change study forum known as the Indian Network for Climate Change Assessment
(INCCA) which comprises of scientists from various fields and institutes from around the country.
The network has been tasked with the job of studying

Clean and Green
CLEAN AND GREEN maintain our environment clean and green
Keep plants around the house. Plants are amazing at cleaning their environment. Having them in
your house can reduce indoor air pollutants by more than half. Great choices are English ivy and
peace lilies, which absorb toxic gases like benzene and formaldehyde. Just be sure that if you have
pets and/or small children that you opt for plants that are not poisonous.
Never flush your old medications. In almost everyone's medicine cabinet there is expired
medications. But whatever you do, do not flush them! That puts them into the water, which can be
dangerous. Instead inquire at your pharmacy about whether they will take them and dispose of them
properly. If they cannot handle them ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
If enough people do this they will eventually listen.
Use cloth instead of paper. Using paper napkins and paper towels generates a lot of unnecessary
waste. Did you know that the paper industry is the third greatest contributor to global warming
emissions? So instead of paper, opt for cloth. A great source of rags is to use old clothes that are too
stained or tattered to be worn anymore.
Use rechargeable batteries. If yours is like most households, you have a lot of things that run on
batteries. Everything from the TV remote to your camera. And if you have children you can add a
seemingly endless number of toys to the list! Do the environment a favor and use rechargeable
batteries. They cost more upfront but they generate significantly less waste and in the end will save
you money. Solar powered battery rechargers are even available online.
Find out what you can recycle. Different cities accept different items for recycling. It is important
that you know exactly what is being recycled in your area. A lot of people put out items week after
week thinking they are being recycled when in fact they are being thrown in the garbage at the
recycling facility. By knowing the policies in your city you can avoid buying products that are not
sold in recyclable containers and you can ensure you are putting out all of your garbage that can be
recycled.
Dispose of hazardous materials

Es & G And Ehs Management Practices
In today's business matter, numerous perspectives emphasize sustainability. Several environmental,
social, and governance issues, including health and safety among other factors, have contributed to
the diverse aspects of sustainability. The complex business reforms brought by the Environmental,
Health and Safety (EHS), including social and governance (ES&G) issues remain indistinctive in
several disciplines. Some widespread proposals exist over the application of, ES&G and EHS
management practices and methods. To understand sustainability, it is essential to discover how it
has emerged and maintained a business focus.
Sustainable Development
In 1987, the term "sustainable development" was introduced in the World Commission on
Environment ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Policymakers must consider a new development paradigm because it concerns public welfare.
Future generations must be taken into account when creating these developments within the
paradigm. Not only should the paradigm consider the interdependence of economic, social, and
environmental dimensions, but also human needs must be met without compromising the future
generation's quality of life.
One must observe that sustainability, is conceptually a broader interception of environmental, social,
and economic issues. In 1989, William Rees, a professor with a creditable Ph.D. in population
ecology, suggested that an agreeable universal definition of the concept "sustainable development"
was precondition to developing acceptable policies and plans to support this concept. During the
same year, Swedish doctor named Karl–Hendrick Robert, assembled a group of scientists and
researchers. Similarly, he believed the term lacked practical sense, thus his mission was to reach a
scientifically meaning for it. Subsequently, the research concluded that stainability is the capacity of
the human society to continue indefinitely within the cycles of natural environment. A broad
connotation on sustainable development created a complex

The Effects Of Environmental Stressors On The Brain 's...
Throughout Native Son, Bigger Thomas performs appalling acts of violence and malice towards
others. Murdering two women, raping his girlfriend, creating a plot to coerce money from a grieving
family, and threatening his friends clearly exemplifies the character's cruel nature. Although these
acts are inexcusable, Bigger's violent tendencies can be explained by exposing the detrimental
effects of his atmosphere. Environmental stressors can change the brain's structure, resulting in a
reactive personality. Being a black man in the 1900's, Bigger Thomas experiences tough opposition
by white society. Living in constant contention with his mother, Bigger encounters hostility and
pressure inside his household. Constant stress from these environmental factors can stunt one's
brain's development, resulting in behavioral problems. Through a psychological critique of the
character, Bigger Thomas' lack of proper judgment, morality, and emotional processing can be
explained when investigating his societal and familial stressors. Before passing judgment upon
Bigger Thomas' lack of empathy and violent tendencies, one must first understand how
environmental stressors influence the brain's development. Extreme stress and contention in one's
social and familial environments cause the brain to become wired to expect negative behavior. When
under stress, one's brain signals the body to release two vital hormones: cortisol and epinephrine.
When released, these hormones cause an abundance of

Sociological Issues On Social Issues
When thinking about sociological issues taking place in our society today, issues concerning our
environment commonly are not ones we put on the top of the list, however they should be. It is not
that any of the other social issues do not matter, but without a world to live on, or an environment to
live off of those other issues would not even be taking place. Our environment has been something
that we neglect and carelessly use for our own personal economic growth because it is what has
been done for many years. We are destroying our world's land and using up its natural resources and
are even wasting them without concern about what consequences are resulting from doing so. There
are ways that we could fix and eliminate problems that we have caused to our environment, but in
order to do so we will have come together and put in the effort to make the change and become
more environmentally conscious in the aspects of our everyday lifestyles.
Much of our world's land is destroyed to provide for our growing population through the occurrence
of deforestation which causes loss of biodiversity and soil depletion. There are natural causes of
deforestation such as wildfires, but most of it occurs through urban development and most notably
agricultural development. We destroy acres of forests in order to have more land for cattle and other
farm animals to graze upon, but also to have land to produce grain that won't be fed to us, but to the
animals. It is also seen that a majority of

The Importance Of Environmental Stressors In Life
While completing my CTKTC with GW he expressed the increase in environmental stressors and
the amount of change he's experienced in the past 3 years. As you have read above, GW was
admitted to KBRH for rapid A–fib. He hadn't visited his doctor in quite some time and got call to
come in for a check up. Upon GW visit with his physician, he was told he looked unwell and to go
to the emergency room in Trial. He expressed that he hasn't been able to afford his medications for
the past 3 months. He used to work for a company delivering coffee, but had to take a leave when he
became sick in 2014. He is on Disability currently but explained to me that his insurance has
recently changed and no longer covers his medications. He is unsure on how to ... Show more
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When there are inadequacies in these factors, a person may experience a great deal of stress that can
lead to physiological and psychological changes (Mikkonen & Raphael, 2010). The increase of
stress can "lead to prolonged biological reactions that strain the physical body" (Mikkonen &
Raphael, 2010, pg.10). This stress can also make people increasingly vulnerable to cardiovascular or
immune diseases and diabetes (Mikkonen & Raphael, 2010). There can be increased in anxiety and
hopelessness that leads to exhaustion, thus making it more difficult to have healthy coping skills
(Mikkonen & Raphael, 2010). Unhealthy coping skills may be alcohol use, smoking or overeating
(Mikkonen & Raphael, 2010). Income is recognized as one, if not the most important factor in the
SDOH. It is said "level of income shapes overall living conditions, affects psychological
functioning, and influences health–related behaviors such as quality of diet, extent of physical
activity, tobacco use, and excessive alcohol use" (Mikkonen & Raphael, 2010, p.12). GW expressed
that he feels he could eat better, but they get what they can afford in the grocery store. GW also
stated that he uses smoking as a stress reliever and will drink 2–3 beers at the end of the day out of
boredom. He did acknowledge that this was a relaxing time for him. He didn't have much for coping

Evaluation Of A Wastewater Treatment Plant
The scope of this project is in accordance to the function of a Wastewater Treatment Plant and that
includes the design which will ensure that the effluent is based on the standards and regulations of
the government which can be met with reasonable ease and cost (Qasim, 1985, p. 6). Aside from the
construction of the facility, the scope of the project also looks into the different methods as to how
the facility can produce quality wastewater which is safe to be disposed to the local waterways. The
main priority of the project is to produce an effluent which follows the appropriate discharge
requirements given by the authorities. There are some suggested procedures in relation to planning,
designing, constructing, and operating of the Wastewater Treatment Plant. Factors that need to be
consider are people's health and the environment, improvement processes, the combination of
control and treatment with storm water, the effluent disposal and possible reuse of wastewater,
removal of bio–solid and its reuse, and small flows' on–site treatment and disposal (Qasim, 1998,
p.35). The design of the treatment plant must incorporate effectiveness and flexibility in order to
deal with changes in the season, including the long–term wastewater quality changes. Thus, the
design must also be appropriate according to both the local and national government's future
regulations. This will ensure that the community will benefit from the Wastewater Treatment plant
on a long–term basis, as it

Germany Is Better Than Its Neighbors
1. Uekötter says, "What all this comes down to is that having environmental potential and using it
are two different things. Conditions in a certain country can offer a certain solution, but it is by no
means certain that the country will take that path" (19). He goes on in the same paragraph to also
say, "Rather than pondering the question of whether Germany is better than its neighbors, it brings
us to as whether, when, and to what extent Germany realized its possibilities" (19). In my opinion, I
believe that the second quote directly reflects upon the first quote. He is not trying to compare
Germany to every other country, and talk about how much better and efficient it is, he is simply
trying to talk about Germany's environmental ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Tying this quote back to the others from Uekötter, I believe that he is describing this to be Germany
first finding out about its potential, but at the same time, Germany was hesitant to do anything about
the growing problems. Officials were unsure and wanted to keep control. "It is quite telling that
American city governments eventually found a more efficient strategy in the fight against the urban
coal smoke nuisance than did German administrators" (19–20). This goes back to potential.
Germany had the potential, and they did not take it, whereas the United States did. The post 1914
era was filled with war. The world wars had major effects on the environmental movement for
Germany, leaving it at a "standstill" as Uekötter describes. After the first war, though, in 1935,
Germany passed a conservation law. He goes on to describe many more new types of environmental
advancements, but adds, "And yet these were isolated achievements, devoid of synergies and a
common identity" (20). Once again, the potential was there, and Germany was finding it, but the
people were not really using it. As for a more modern day Germany, environmental protection
became a "household term" (20). Uekötter really describes the 1980's as a big time for Germany,
making it appear that Germany really reached its full potential in that time. When he talks about
Germany at a high potential, it is in more modern times, and Germany has not only realized its

Glanbia's Internal and External Environment
The Organisational Domain and The External Environment
An organisation's domain is its chosen environmental field of action. It is the territory that the
organisation stakes out for itself with regard to products, services and markets served. This is also
strongly affected by the organisation's external environment. The external environment incorporates
all the elements that exist outside the boundary of the organisation and have the potential to affect
all or part of the organisation.
Task Environment:
The task environment includes external sectors with which the organisation interacts with directly
and that have a direct impact on the organisation's capability to accomplish its objectives. Some of
these sectors include:
Industry ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Glanbia are mostly affected, however, by taxation, laws and regulations. Their corporate taxation
planning and compliance is managed centrally in order to ensure that it is carried out correctly and
efficiently. Group operations in processing, distribution, packaging and labelling of food are
governed by extensive legislation, regulation, codes of practice and guidance. The Group conforms
fully to international and local food safety, quality and environmental regulations and employs best
practice across all of its production facilities to maintain the highest of standards.
Sociocultural Sector:
This sector includes age, values, beliefs, education, religion, work ethic, consumer and green
movements. In relation to Glanbia, however, the most relevant aspect of this sector is the
environment and green movements. "The Group is subject to strict and developing environmental
laws and regulations which could result in an increase in the cost of achieving compliance that
might impact the Group's operational or financial performance. However, the inclusion of
environmental and sustainability objectives and risk management as part of the Group's overall
business strategy, together with a commitment to continuous improvement ensures that Glanbia is
ahead of evolving environmental standards. Energy efficiency programmes are also operated

Population Environment And The Slums Of Mumbai
INTRODUCTION:
This research paper focuses on the population–environment dynamics in the slums of Mumbai. It
mainly discusses the impact of the growing slum population on water quality in Mumbai. First, the
research question and null hypotheses were stated based on the population, environment, social and
cultural contexts. Readings from class and other peer reviewed articles were used to support the
stated hypotheses and highlight the important aspects of the case study. Next, the important
population characteristics were discussed and compared to other relevant places and a summary of
the environmental and social context was also provided. Finally, the population–environment
relationship was summarized for the chosen case site (Null hypotheses true or not) and implications
of human actions on the natural world were discussed.
RESEARCH QUESTION AND HYPOTHESES:
Mumbai, India's financial hub is home to more than 20 million people. Historically, slum growth in
Mumbai was a result of population growth far beyond the total carrying capacity. It resulted in
overuse of traditional land, displacing a heavy chunk of the lower–middle class population to
informal settlements. Villages like Dharavi, Byculla and Khar with small scale industries got
converted into slums during this process. The rapid economic development in the 19th century also
brought in a lot of migrant population from the rural areas into a city ill–equipped to deal with them
[1]. This provides us

The Depletion Of Natural Elements Has A Negative Impact On...
Heal– to palliate, alleviate, ease and cure– is an essential commodity in the modern environment,
wherein due to rising workload, change in the environment– elevating stress levels, and pollution–
there has been a boom in the diseases prevalent, cases of depression and anxiety.
" An environment devoid of Nature may act as a discord" – Bjorn Grinde
Modern 'westernization ' has although doubled life expectancy, it has also created disparities
between ancient and present ways of living that may have cemented the way for the emergence of
new serious diseases. Humans have an inherent inclination to affiliate with nature. With the present
stage of modernization, urbanization and migration to cities, the contact of man with nature is
decreasing substantially. Cities and indoor environments are dominated by manmade objects; the
doubt is whether the concomitant depletion of natural elements has a negative impact on human
mind?
Though this issue is a broad level of discussion and research, the category under this research is a
health care environment. Man 's affiliation with nature has a positive impact on his wellbeing. The
first hospitals in countries like Europe, were infirmaries in monastic communities where a garden
was considered essential for healing. Since then, the correlation between greenery and either
therapeutic or preventive medicine has gradually been outmoded, partly due to the advancement in
medical science and the associated technical approaches to healing. The

Poverty and Environment: an Essay on the...
Poverty and Environment: An Essay on the Poverty–Environment Linkages
Josiah Mwangi Ateka
School of Economics , Kenyatta University
November 2012
1.0 Background
Poverty reduction and environmental conservation represent two of the main global challenges. The
two targets constitute part of the eight Global Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). Arising
from the thinking that Environmental degradation and poverty reinforce each other since the poor
are both agents and victims of environmental destruction; the poverty–environment hypothesis has
become a major concern of international development agencies and policy makers. It is often argued
that the poor are often the biggest victims of environmental destruction since they depend ... Show
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It is argued that this 'investment poverty' criterion is a stronger criterion than the conventional focus
on 'welfare poverty', as households above a welfare–determined poverty line could still be
investment poor.
2.0 Poverty and Environment Linkages
This section attempts to give a general overview of some of the basic issues in the poverty–
environmental degradation debate. The objective is to provide general highlights on the key
perspectives of the poverty and environment relationships. This will provide a foundation for the
discussions on the theoretical and conceptual framework presented later on in section 3.
The poverty–environmental linkage has several dimensions. From an economic growth perspective;
rapid economic growth is often seen as the key foundation for achieving poverty reduction. There is
a lot empirical evidence in support of this assertion. Therefore while the linkage between economic
growth and poverty reduction is generally obvious, the relationship between economic growth and
degradation of the environment or and improvement in the environment remains ambiguous or
unclear. One part of the poverty–environment hypothesis suggests that economic growth is needed
to break the poverty–environment downward

Environmental Movements Throughout Britain And Assess How...
Environmental movements in Britain have a long history with the 'Commons, Open Spaces and
Footpath Preservation Society' being founded in 1865, followed by the foundation of The Royal
Society for Birds in 1889 and The National Trust in 1895 (Rootes 2003). These societies show the
traditional side to British environmental movements, with Rootes writing that 'environmentalism in
Britain was thoroughly moderate, respectable and reformist' (Rootes 2003: 2). There are an
estimated 200 national environmental organisations in the Britain with around 4–5 million members
between them (Rawcliffe 1998; Rootes and Miller 2000, cited in Carter 2007). Since 1991, there has
been a surge in radical protest in Britain (Doherty 1999) which have changed the nature of British
environmentalism and forced an otherwise closed political system to listen to the environmental
concerns of the nation. With reference to examples, this essay will examine the mechanisms used by
environmental movements in Britain and assess how successful these attempts have been.
In the understanding of the environmental movement and the many organisations that it contains, it
is helpful to organise the movements in to categories or groups of shared and similar qualities. Diani
and Donati have identified four organisational types based on two conflicting differences–
professional or participatory organisation and disruptive or conventional pressure (Carter 2007).
These conflicts result in the four organisation types–

The Ecology Of Commerce By Environmentalist Paul Hawken
Part I: Introduction
The Ecology of Commerce, written by Environmentalist Paul Hawken, is an insightful, although
daunting, look into economic and corporate sustainability. " The first rule of sustainability is to align
with natural forces, or at least not try to defy them". This quote, spoken by Paul Hawken himself, is
a perfect demonstration of the major theme he carefully analyzes within the book. Economics and
the environment are two words that you often don't see in the same sentence, despite the fact that the
influence economics has contributes to the deterioration of our environment gravely.
Part II: Background and Thesis Paul Hawken studies the many faults of the economic practices we
adhere to globally. Whether or not we agree with his beliefs is a decision we as readers need to
make. While an understanding of the environmental impacts is evident, as well as the biological
changes it has put forth on humans, I question if individual change really makes a difference to the
environment and the overall way the economy works. Hawken demonstrates a clear explanation to
back up his statement of absolute resource destruction, but I believe he underestimates the change
that may need to be done. I strongly believe we have reached a point in time where individual
change is inadmissible, and in order to save our planet, large corporations and their accountability
should be questioned. A world without sustainability, or more importantly a world without economic
integrity,

Green Information Systems : Sustainability
Zachary J Vaught
Green Information Systems: Sustainability
Syracuse University
Green Information Systems: Sustainability
Introduction
Today's society is one that is centered on the use of modern technology. Walking down the street
during the day, one would be hard pressed to not to find people with their faces buried in their
phones or tablets, checking their email, social media, or whatever it may be. Technology provides a
means for people to stay connected with one another, accomplish certain tasks on the go, and much
more. However, the constant use of technology that is seen in society today also uses up a myriad of
resources, raising questions as to the future. It is also not just technology that is using up the ...
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It's important to live in the present, but to also be prepared for the future. This brings in the concept
of sustainability. It's important to make sure that future generations will also be able to fulfill their
needs on this earth, which will not be possible if all of the resources are used. Sustainable
development is something that needs to be implemented into business strategies more and more.
And while technology can sometimes be the problem, using it the right way, can also be a solution
(Boudreau, 2007).
Stages of Sustainable Development
The first thing to focus on is the different stages that are associated with sustainable development.
According to Stuart Hart, there are three stages: Pollution Prevention, Product Stewardship, and
Clean Technology (Hart, 1997). Pollution prevention is just what it sounds like. The goal is to
minimize the waste before it even has a chance to be created (Hart 1997). To do this, it is imperative
that organizations are constantly adapting and improving their efforts. Pollution prevention is based
on staying ahead of the game and ending waste before it can begin. Product stewardship takes things
one step further than pollution prevention does. Pollution prevention is mainly pertaining to
minimizing waste from manufacturing. In addition to this, product stewardship also focuses on
minimizing the impacts that the life cycle of a product can have as well (Hart 1997). Many

Wall-E versus Feed on Society
"Technological progress has merely provided us with more efficient means for going backwards"
("Brainy Quotes" 1). While this epitomizes modern time, it also represents M.T. Anderson's Feed
and Pixar's Wall–E. Feed is a book about a dystopian society influenced by a device, called "feed",
implanted in the brains of the citizens. The author describes a group of regular teenagers that venture
to the moon for a spring break vacation of partying and going "in mal". The main character, Titus,
falls for a girl named Violet who is not like the other stereotypical teens in this book. Violet received
the feed when she was much older and she is homeschooled so her brain is more developed.
Together, they go on outrageous adventures until a hacker at a dance club causes them to lose their
feeds. Unfortunately for Violet, repairing her feed was practically impossible; meaning, Violet was
slowly dying. Together, Titus and Violet question society, feed, and the way of life as they create
their journey in the book, Feed. In Pixar's Wall–E, the world has been abandoned by all of humanity
because of the over polluted atmosphere. However, one creature still exists on earth, a garbage–
collecting robot named Wall–E. One day, a futuristic, well–developed robot arrives on earth
inspecting the earth of any species of life. Wall–E falls in love with the robot, Eve, and when she
returns home on her spaceship, he hops on and catches a ride to space. There, Eve and Wall–E work
together to save the

Article 226 And The High Courts
The Supreme Court under Article 32 and the High Courts under Article 226 of the Constitution have
passed a number of orders and directions for this concern. Like the conversion of all public transport
in the Metropolitan City of Delhi from diesel engine to CNG engine on the basis of the order of the
High Court of Delhi to ensure that the pollution level is mitigated and this is being totally observed
for the last several years. Now only vehicles running on Compressed Natural Gas are given
permission to ply on Delhi roads for public transport.
Louise Erdrich Bigogress, who is an environmentalist has quite aptly observed that "grass and sky
are two canvasses into which the rich details of the earth are drawn." In 1980s, the courts paid
special attention to the problem of environmental degradation and passed a number of directions and
orders to make sure the that environment ecology, wildlife are saved, preserved and protected. Every
day hundreds of thousands of industries are functioning without pollution control procudures. Lakhs
of Indians work in mines and do hazardous work without proper safety protection. Each day lakhs of
litres of harmful raw discharged effluents are dumped into our rivers and lakhs of tons of hazardous
waste is simply dumped on the Earth. The environment around us, as a result become so degraded,
that instead of nurturing us it is now poisoning us. In this context, in many cases, the Supreme Court
has intervened in the issued and has issued many

Analysis Of Sand Production Control And Mitigation
List of Figures Figure 1: Sand Production Process
Chain.....................................................................6 Figure 2: Bio–stimulation Process
Chain........................................................................9 Figure 3: Bio–
augmentation.......................................................................................10 Figure 4: Microbes Reaction
description.......................................................................13 Figure 5: Microbial
Degradation..................................................................................14
http://www.hindawi.com/journals/btri/2011/941810/fig2/ Figure 6: Hydro
clone.....................................................................................................................15
http://www.netafimusa.com/files/literature/agriculture/filters/hydrman–hydrocyclone–manual.pdf
Figure 7: Water washing cycle....................................................................................16 List of Tables
Table 1: Mitigation and Treatment Discussion...............................................................19 Executive
Summary Sand Production control and mitigation is an industry–wide problem and having limited
knowledge about dealing with sand production mitigation works to the disadvantage of any
industrial entity. This report clearly outlines sand production mitigation techniques and more
importantly one treatment technique and one mitigation technique. Using a compare contrast setting
key features of these techniques are explored with the intent of informing and bringing to the fore
front two major entities that must be taken into consideration' The environment and cost. This report
shows how natural based processes are more economically feasible and more suited for the
environment. Chapter 1 – Introduction 1.1 Problem statement Sand and solid

Environmental Sustainability And Its Effects On The...
A few problems we face in the world today include harmful ozone layer destruction, unmanageable
global warming, disgustingly high levels of pollution, dangerously high rates of natural resource
depletion, and extinction at astronomical rates. The effect of these issues includes destruction of our
trees and plants, food shortages, higher risk of natural disasters, higher risk of unclean water, and a
higher risk of cancer (Environmental Problems). These obvious issues have been ravaging our earth
for much too long and it is time that people begin to step up and embrace environmental
sustainability. While there are groups and foundations working towards creating a more sustainable
earth, more active and widespread involvement is necessary. In ... Show more content on
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Problem Facing the World Today There are thirty–four countries in the world that are both advanced
agriculturally and predominantly Muslim. These thirty–four Islamic nations account for about 21%
of the world's land surface and about 15% of its cropped area. While the agricultural sector has been
a pivotal part of Islamic life for hundreds of years, the practice is becoming more and more difficult.
In regards to agriculture today, Lynn White states that "formerly man had been part of nature; now
he was the exploiter of nature" (White 3). Due to a lack of environmental awareness, farmland is
prone to erosion, usable water is becoming more and more scarce, and the long–term agricultural
potential in Islamic nations is decreasing (Tutwiler). Muslims are actually well known for placing a
high priority on the environment and conservation. In fact, the Islamic holy book, the Qu'ran, states
that "Humans, as God's successors on earth, should treat the natural environment with the respect
and dignity God intended it to have" (Kaltner). So how then, if Muslims value the environment so
much, is environmental degradation continuing to occur in Islamic nations? While some may say
that it is simply a result of the

The Role Of Gendered Environmental Messages On Consumer...
Blue, pink, and green: The role of gendered environmental messages on consumer purchase
intentions
Christina Quint
James Madison University
Dr. C. Leigh Nelson
October 13, 2014
Due to the prevalence of green advertising as a marketing strategy, extensive research has been done
on influences impacting consumer purchase behaviors. Message segmentation is a popular tactic
traditionally used by marketing professionals to target a specific demographic, and gender is one of
the most common demographic variables utilized. While research suggests that there are distinct
differences in the way that products should be marketed toward men and women, limited research
has been conducted to determine how responses to environmental ... Show more content on
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Now, more than ever, consumers are displaying a heightened interest in environmental issues,
lending itself to the prominence of green advertising strategies. In turn, companies are recognizing
the value of communicating their efforts to "Do no harm" to the environment. As such, these
companies are adopting various marketing strategies to inform consumers that their products are
environmentally friendly (for instance, "pesticide–free" labels), and concerned for the well–being of
people ("fair trade" labels are an example) (Fisher et al, 2012).
For the purpose of this study, the definition of green advertising will be adapted from the criteria
provided by Banerjee, Gulas, and Iyer (1995). Green advertising is an ad which meets one or more
of the following criteria: explicitly or implicitly addresses the relationship between a product and the
environment; promotes a green lifestyle through highlighting a product; presents a corporate image
of sustainability and environmental stewardship (1995). "Sustainability" is the term embodied by
companies who strive to communicate their efforts to satisfy the "triple bottom line", which takes
into account the wellbeing of people, planet, and profits (Fisher, Bashyal, and Bachman 2012).
While research has indicated a consumer preference for environmentally–preferable products, there
appears to be a significant gap between environmental beliefs and action (Gabler, Butler, Adams
2013; Kronrod and Wathieu 2012; Peattie, K. and

Travel and Tourism Industry: Environmentally Responsible...
In travel and tourism industry, the focus on the environmentally responsible behaviour has grown
dramatically over the years from hardly being talked about to has been a major concern (Gustin &
Weaver, 1996). Deterioration of the environment happened from the growth of the global economy,
over consumption and utilization of natural resources. Everyone in the world faces great challenges
from the climate changes that have occurring now dues to the human–induced greenhouse gas
emissions and fossil fuel combustion. From the climate changes, it can cause severe negative
outcomes such as increase temperature, rising in sea levels, increased in the pollution in air and
water, loss of animal and plant habitat, oceans circulation disruption, and ... Show more content on
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Thereby, protecting the environment has become a major issue in society (Krause, 1993 and
Easterling, Kenworthy & Nemzoff, 1996). According to Brown (1996), it is stated that it's become
an important of the environmentalism in the marketplaces as consumers are recognizing the
importance of people to protect the environment. Hence, increasing number of individual
committing the environmentally friendly behaviour can be led by increasing the awareness of the
seriousness of the environment problem (Kalafatis, Pollard, East & Tsogas, 1999). Despite of all of
the concern by the customer and citizens towards the negative consequences for the environment
and the changes in the practices in the hotel towards the green hotel, still we cannot see clearly in
depth about the customer actual perceptions toward the problems and the changes in the industry
especially hotel industry. Primary indicator of attitudes towards environmentally compatible
behaviour is perceived importance of the environment which is related to the degree to which
consumer express their consciousness's of environmental issues. (Amyx, DeJong, Lin & Wiener,
1994 and Laroche, Bergeron & Barboro–Forleo, 2001).
Environmental issues, such as global warming, ozone depletion and habitat destruction are
increasingly concerned by the consumer nowadays. Purchasing decision of the individuals can

Research into Environmental Stressors on Aggressive Behaviour
Research into Environmental Stressors on Aggressive Behaviour
The two environmental stressors I have chosen to discuss are temperature and over–crowding.
A theory that best describes environmental stressors on aggressive behaviour is the negative affect
escape (NAE) theory; this claims that when the unpleasant stimuli increases so does the negative
affect (the mood) and this leads to an increase of aggressive behaviour or an increase in the escape
behaviour, if a person cannot escape they will become more aggressive and this can relate to
temperature because it is something we cannot escape, so when the unpleasant stimuli becomes
extreme people rather focus on their escape or they will become ... Show more content on
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However Anderson did not agree with this theory of aggressive behaviour decreasing after extreme
heat, he considered the effects of temperature on different forms of aggressive behaviour such as,
assault, murder and rape. He found that there was a steady increase in all of these aggressive acts as
the temperature rose, with no sign of any reduction in the extreme heat.
Another theory that is used to describe temperature on aggressive behaviour is the routine activity
theory put forward by Cohen and Felson they state that opportunities for interpersonal interaction is
high in the summer due to the change of their pattern in their routine activity, because in the summer
it is much more likely for people to be outdoors increasing their contact with people leading to an
increase in aggression as well. However this is more of an indirect link as there is no proof to show
this.
Also it is claimed there can be a biological link between heat and aggression, the level of
testosterone rises in when the weather is hot, explaining why men can be seen as more aggressive
than women.
It could be said that there is no clear–cut relationship between temperature and aggression as some
research has shown an increase of aggression with rising temperatures whereas

The And Policy Talks, The Ecological Crisis
Environmental Movement Proliferation In the academia and policy talks, the ecological crisis has
turned into a well–established topic (Yearley, 1992). The rise of environmental politics in the 1960s
was mainly driven by environmental movements and a resurgent global civil society. Jamison
(1996), notedthat the movement focussed on creating awareness throughout the 1960s. For instance,
the publication of Silent Spring by Rachel Carlson (1962), Paul Ehrlich's The Population Bomb
(1968) and Garrett Hardin's Tragedy of the Commons (1968) focused public attention to the issue,
and made the idea of ecological limits popular. This period also saw the creation of
environmentalNon–government Organizations ( NGOs) focusing on the protection of the
environment such the Worldwide Fund for Nature (WWF) and the International Union for the
Conservation of Nature (IUCN). In the 1970s, the environmental movement became a political
concern and entered the phase of organisation and institutionalisation (Jamison, 1996). For example,
one of the 130 outcomes is the implementation of the United Nations Environmental Programme
(UNEP) after the Stockholm conference, and the establishment of the transnational environmental
group Greenpeace. There was also a growth of alternative holistic visions of the nature–society
relationship, likeGoldsmith's Blueprint for survival (1972). This was underpinned by the rising
recognition of the Limits to Growth (Meadows et al., 1972). The environmental movement

Professional Presence Essay
PROFESSIONAL PRESCENCE AND INFLUENCE Western Governments University January 12,
2016 PROFESSIONAL PRESENCE What does it mean to be human, and how do we as nurses
provide care to our patients? According to Jean Watson "The future of nursing is tied back to
Nightingales sense of calling guided by a sense of commitment and covenantal ethic of human
service; cherishing our phenomena, our subject matter and those we serve. It is when we include
caring and love in our work and our life we discover and affirm that nursing, like teaching is more
than just a job but a life giving and life receiving career for a lifetime of growth and learning"
(Watson, J. 1978). There have been many different ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The newest and most recent of Larry Dossey's Eras is Era III which took shape in the 1990's. Era III
is considered the body, mind, spirit and biopsychosocial model. In this model Dossey explains that
healing is not only on a physical level but a conscious level. Dossey states "Consciousness is not
confined to an individual body, an individual mind may affect not just their body but also other
people around them" (Dossey,L. nd). The Eastern models of TCM (Traditional Chinese Medicine)
and the Ayurvedic beliefs about being human and caring for people are similar to Dossey's theories.
These theories underlying belief in how to provide care are the body is made of 5 elements and
disease is caused when there is an imbalance between the elements ("Traditional Chinese Medicine:
In Depth & What is the Philosophy of Ayurvedic Medicine, nd). There are many different styles
in the way a presents a caring presence to their patients, such as a nurse's personality, and
mindfulness practice to the way they provide a healing environment. As a nurse the caring model
that I can relate to most is Dossey Era III. I believe that health and healing is not just about the
physical aspect but involves the person as a whole. Healing involves not only physical, mind, body,
spirit and cultural factors; but also involves patients and family involvement in their own care.
Being in the emergency department I

Improvements in Water Quality
In Malawi the major sources of water for both domestic and industrial use include lakes, rivers and
ground water. Ground water is dependable for supplying water in rural areas and also in some urban
areas even though this source of water is most common in the rural areas. In some urban areas, the
major source of water are rivers. According to Government of Malawi (2010), many river basins are
under severe pressure resulting from deforestation, settlements, climate change, industry, mining,
commerce and unsustainable agriculture. These have consequently impacted negatively on the water
quality mainly due to sediment loads, industrial wastes, chemicals from agriculture and proliferation
of aquatic vegetation. In urban areas, especially areas with high concentration of people, the major
problem has been management of waste disposal. This has resulted in plastics that are just littered
anyhow in the major urban areas including Blantyre ending up in rivers. Ground water though
viewed as one of the safe sources of water, there are also a number of quality issues that are
associated with it. According to Government of Malawi (2010), some of the issues include high
concentrations of minerals such as fluoride, nitrates especially in agricultural areas, manganese and
fecal matter in some areas. All in all, these issues make ground water quality to be degraded too. It is
clear from above that improvements in water quality are no longer evitable. Failure to doing this

Design For Safe 347 Final Course Project
Lab Introduction
This laboratory introduction shall be utilized as framework for Safe 347 final course project. Lab
Introduction includes three primary topics, with brick laying being the chosen job. These topics
respectively being a job description, potential risk factors associated with the job, and a video link
the describes the job task. Additionally, this is to give insight for Dr. Minnick on the Mr. Baker's
final course project, for proper constructive criticism.
Job Description
A brick layer (BL) is primarily responsible for laying building materials such as brick, structural tile,
concrete cinder, glass, gypsum, and terra cotta block to construct or repair walls, partitions, arches,
sewers, and other structures. Additionally, a brick layer will perform tasks such as measuring
distance from reference points and mark guidelines on working surface to lay out work.
Work Hours
Working hours are job specific and will vary based on the season, weather, and job priority.
Primarily the standard working hours will be 6:00 am until 3:00 pm, with general working hours
between 8 and 10.
Specific Steps
Brick layers perform a large variety of tasks on a daily basis. The main task of brick laying starts by
spreading and maneuvering a soft bed of mortar to serve as a base and binder for block, which is
done by using a trowel. Also, a brick layer is required to apply mortar to end of blocks and position
the block accordingly within a mortar bed. Then, the brick layer taps the block

The Social Ecological Model ( Sem )
The Social Ecological Model (SEM) was created to develop an understanding of the relationships
between an individual and their social surroundings. While many other models use narrowly
conceived frameworks, the SEM considers multiple levels of influence. At the core of the model lies
the individual, with three levels of social influence surrounding –– representing interpersonal
relationships, organizational/community influence, and governmental policy action (CDC, 2015).
Social Ecology is an all–encompassing body of work that seeks to establish theoretical frameworks
by considering the interrelations of people and their distinct environmental factors related to health
and wellness (Stokols, 1996). The SEM integrates individual approaches related to health behavior
by utilizing interventions focusing on improving the physical and social surroundings. However, the
SEM goes beyond environmental change by establishing theoretical models explaining the dynamic
connections between individuals and their social settings.
The social ecological model is derived from a multitude of research areas, but ultimately stems from
the biological relationships between organisms and their environment. As such, greater attention was
eventually brought towards developing an understanding of people and the social and cultural
constructs surrounding them (Stokols, 1996). The SEM characterizes environmental health impacts
into physical, social, and cultural dimensions, such as 'physical health status

A Common Fear Of Population Growth
It's a common fear that population growth will exhaust resources and result in social or economic
disaster if it is not controlled. It is anticipated that most of the projected population growth during
this century will take place in developing nations. These countries have faced many challenges in
recent years, including low levels of education, poor health standards, scarcity, limited housing,
natural resource exhaustion, strife, and monetary and governmental command by other countries. In
places like Africa, industrial development has stalled and most workers still make a living from
survival agriculture. The association between population and the environment is a complicated one,
human cultures' bearings on the environment are a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Mostly they focused their attention on teaching married couples about birth control and dispensing
contraceptives, but some programs took more coercive approaches. China imposed a limit of one
child per family in 1979, with two children allowed in special cases (Price, 1999).
Large societies obviously consume more supplies than small ones, but depletion patterns and
technology selections may report for more environmental harms than pure digits of people. The U.S.
population is about one–fourth as large as that of China or India, but the United States currently uses
far more energy because Americans are wealthier and use their prosperity to buy energy–intensive
goods like automobiles and electronics (Arrow & et al, 1995). However, China and India are
developing and becoming more prosperous, so their ecological effects will increase because of both
population expansion and consumption levels in the next several years. As income increases and
technologies diffuse through society, purchasers start to value environmental quality more greatly
and become more able to pay for it.
Carrying capacity is a term derived from ecology, its defined as the maximum number of beings a
habitat can sustain indeterminately without destroying the resources. For most species, there are four
variables that influence the calculating of carrying capacity:

Environmental Laws in Bangladesh
1. INTRODUCTION Bangladesh is one of the least developed countries with a low resource base, a
burgeoning population with a very low land–man ratio, often threatened by both natural &
anthropogenic stresses. The vast majority of the population lives almost exclusively on the natural
resource base. This resource base is under serious threat and environmental planning is essential for
the survival with dignity for Bangladesh's over 115 million people & for sustainability of the echo
system. Like all other nations of the world Bangladesh also acted to the global call for the protection
and conservation of natural environment & ecology. Industrial development significantly contributes
towards economic growth of a country. It brings along ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This reflects the GOB's increasing commitment to reorient policies and action in line with the new
environmental perspective. In addition a force have been made to adjust the Governments
institutional structures in order to direct more attention towards environmental issues. Most recently
this restructuring has included the establishment of a department of environment (DOE) with
broader mandate for environmental management and which come under the ministry of environment
and forest and an environment and safety division within the Governments oil and gas corporation,
Petrobangla. Industrial development significantly contributes towards economic growth of a
country. It brings along with it a host of environmental problem too. Bangladesh responds to the
global call for the protection and conservation of natural environment and ecology. It is increasingly
being recognized in Bangladesh, as in other parts of the world, that for development to be
meaningful and sustainable over a longer period, environmental concerns must be integrated into all
development activities. Further specific environmental actions are also required for a better future
development path. Attraction of sophisticated and high yielding technologies has overpowered
rationality in many instances.

Personal Statement For Secondary School Certificate Essay
Steve Jobs once said that the only way to do great work is to love what you do and you must have
the courage to follow your heart and intuition. All my life I have been driven by this quote in trying
to follow my dreams. Some people are afraid of dreaming or do nothing but dream. But few dream,
and work to make their dreams true. I consider myself in the second category.
Raised in a strong and secure family, I have been fortunate to have parents who have instilled in me
good values and principles, where education has always been given the top priority. I achieved GPA
4.63 out of 5.00 in Secondary School Certificate (SSC) and GPA 4.60 out of 5.00 in Higher
Secondary Certificate (HSC) examination. I got Scholarships for excellent result in both primary
school certificate (class–5) and junior school certificate (class–8). I finally got myself admitted in
the four years Bachelor Degree programme in Geography and Environment at University of Dhaka,
the most renowned institution in Bangladesh. I obtained CGPA 3.25 out of 4 at my bachelor degree.
I am always fascinated by the geo–visualization and communication of spatial technologies. During
my undergraduate level in Geography and Environment, I was taught a variety of courses, such as–
Biogeography, Climatology, Geomorphology, Environmental Chemistry, Environmental Ecology,
and Environmental Management, Land use Planning & Development, Urban & Agricultural
Geography, Economics and Sociology etc. I was also introduced with

The Effects of Two or More Environmental Stressors on...
The Effects of Two or More Environmental Stressors on Aggressive Behaviour
An environmental stressor is a situation, which causes a negative emotional experience,
accompanied by predictable physiological, biochemical and behavioural changes that are designed
to help us adapt to the stressor. The three main environmental stressors are heat, noise and crowding,
all of which may result in heightened physiological and psychological behaviour.
A large number of studies have investigated the possibility of a connection between temperature and
aggressive behaviour. Carlsmith and Anderson (1979) found that hotter weather gives a higher
chance of a riot when they looked at disturbances in 79 US cities ... Show more content on
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It could also be a biological explanation. For example, the production of testosterone increases when
you get hot (Anderson and Anderson, 1998). The relationship between temperature and aggression is
not as simple as either the linear model or the curvilinear model, as other variables may affect the
relationship.
Crowding, another environmental stressor, is the unpleasant sensation that too many people share
the same space. It is personal in how much it affects us, as it depends on how comfortable we feel in
the close presence of others, and also how peoples perception of crowding leads to them reacting to
certain levels of density. Calhan (1962) conducted an animal experiment into crowding leading to
aggression. He placed an expanding rat population into a small area, and observed that they soon
began sexually assaulting and killing each other, which confirms a link between crowding and
aggression. Research into crowding in Australian clubs done by Macintyre and Hamel (1997)
showed that the level of crowding in each nightclub was related to the number of observed
aggressive incidents. This is a field experiment, meaning it has ecological validity and is not
artificial and so can be applied to real life. However, they did not get participant consent for
observations, which raise ethical issues. It seems clear that crowding is related to

The Struggle For Sustainability Of Rural Chin...
In Brian Tilt's book, The Struggle for Sustainability in Rural China: Environmental Values and Civil
Society, he addresses the topic of attitudes and issues associated with sustainable development in
China. Based on the contents of this work, sustainable development refers to preserving nature,
people's way of life and their community. The majority of this book is focused on the effects of
pollution on the environment and how to affects people's ability to live a sustainable lifestyle by
these standards. This book addresses two main assumptions that tend to be made when considering
why China has had difficulties with reducing their level of pollution. The first assumption is that
people in China do not care about pollution because they are too focused on the need for economic
development. The second assumption is that even if Chinese citizens did care about pollution, they
would not be able to prevent it due to powerful central government that makes economic growth its
top priority.This work disproves parts of these assumptions by showing that people do care about
pollution and that they have taken some actions to try and change the current situation. One of the
assumptions that this book addresses is whether or not people in China care about their environment.
The people involved in this case study were all concerned about the environment to varying extents.
Many people interviewed for this study were being directly impacted by excessive pollution in their
environment. An

Environmental Engineering And Its Alternative Technologies
Environmental Engineering in Our Society
Giselle Medrano Environmental Engineering
Giselle Medrano
Sixth Grade
Abstract Environmental engineering is a broad field that is used to improve environmental
conditions. It is pursued with different types of engineering and sciences. I will be talking about
several things in my essay. First, I will introduce the essay by discussing the history of
environmental engineering and its alternative technologies. Second, I will go deeper into the
description of environmental engineering. Third, I will explain how and why it's beneficial. Fourth, I
will identify some engineers that developed environmental engineering. Fifth, I will describe how
this technology impacts society. Finally, I will conclude the essay by summarizing the future of this
technology and including my opinion about possible new applications.
Environmental engineering has impacted our society a lot. It has been used as early as 3400 BC. For
example, Egyptians used irrigation for when the Nile flooded, and Romans used aqueducts for
military objectives. Since then, the technology of environmental engineering has greatly evolved.
Environmental engineering helps us to make our environment safer and better. Environmental
engineering is a broad field that uses scientific principles to improve environmental conditions. It is
pursued with geology, different types of engineering, ecology, biology, chemistry, environmental
law, and public health. From making buildings

The New York City Water System
Alicia Blake
Environmental Chemistry Term Paper
Final Draft
12/03/14
The New York City Water System Then and Now
New York City has one of the most top quality drinking water and is called "the champagne of
drinking water"[13] which is due to its unique water treatment system that consists of a vast
reservoir system. A reservoir is a natural or artificial source of untreated water that can be found
underground or at ground level that can include water treatment and associated equipment (pumps
and piping systems).[1] There are three major watershed systems in which New York receives its
water which are The Croton System, The Catskill System, The Delaware System. The reservoir
systems pump approximately 1.1 billion gallons of fresh and clean ... Show more content on
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Further population increase and the expansion of New York City to include five boroughs amplified
the need for more clean water circulation. In order to find new water sources the Board of Water
Supply built facilities in four watersheds that is now known as the Catskill System (which includes
the Ashokan Reservoir and Catskill Aqueduct). The Delaware System was fully constructed in 1944
which receives water from the Delaware River tributary. Located in current day New York Public
Library there once housed one of NYC's main water supply systems called the Croton Reservoir
(Murray hill reservoir). Built in 1842 in a style of an Egyptian Cornice it had an area of four acres
and held a capacity of 20 million gallons. As a result increases in population between 1840 and 1870
other reservoir system were built in place of the Croton Reservoir and it was shut down in 1890.[4]
NYC Reservoirs today
The NYC drinking water system is gravity driven and is sourced from 19 reservoirs and three
controlled lakes in a 1,972 sq mi watershed and has a storage capacity of roughly 580 billion
gallons.[5] During drought water is exchanged from one water system to the other.
The Croton System has 12 reservoirs and three controlled lakes that are positioned in Westchester,
Putnam and Duchess Counties. The newest Croton Reservoir

Global Climate Change, Sustainable Development
The Global Environmental Movement is one of the many (NGO's) addressing international issues,
mostly in developing countries, gathering and analyze technical information. Environmental issues
have become a significant problem over the years, which raised concerns at the global and
international levels, which provoke movements for environmental protection at the international
level. From the early 1960s forward, concern about the global scopes of environmental harm and the
movement for international environmental protection grew significantly. The first issues such as oil
spills, nuclear testing, and overfishing was the areas targeted for ratification by the United Nations,
concerning the environmental protection of Antarctica. Increasing concerns over loss species and
poorer nations in the lack of resources lead to these three major issues, biodiversity, global climate
change, and sustainable development in which the paper will discuss. Keywords: biodiversity,
global climate change, sustainable development International Environmental Movements
Introduction
There are settings where international environmental disputes are arbitrated, such as National courts,
the International Court of Justice, and international panels. These meetings, however, generally
require that the disputing parties freely submit to the jurisdiction of the court or board.

Abiotic Factors Affecting The Quality Of Life Society
There are several essential factors that contribute to the quality of life society enjoys today. One of
these factors is the ability to produce crops such as corn, soybeans, wheat, cotton, and several
others. On occasion these crops experience stressors. These stressors can be from abiotic or biotic
factors. Biotic stressors mainly include insect herbivores, whereas abiotic stressor mainly include
temperature and water or lack thereof. It is vital to understand how crop react to these stressor in
order to predict and possibly contradict the effect on the crops. When dealing with insect herbivores
the outcome can be devastating. Insects can destroy large amounts of crops. To prevent insects from
destroying crop, insecticides are used as well as transgenic crops are used. Abiotic factors such as
drought can be more difficult. The total amount of semi–arid land on earth is one–third, and the rest
of the land experiences unexpected drought occasionally (Fang and Xiong, 2015). This means that
nearly all the crops in the world are at risk of experiencing some kind of water shortage. Due to
these abiotic and biotic stressors, and extensive amount of research has been conducted and is still
being conducted to minimize the negative effects. In the following sections will be an overview of
the abiotic and biotic factors along with the crops response to each, as well as the genetic
mechanisms studied to improve a crops ability to cope with these stressors.
Crops response to drought

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