To understand the behavior of strength and workability by changing the way of water addition

1. Dr. Akhilesh Das Gupta Institute of Technology & Management
Prepared By:
Ravi kr. Yadav (06315607917)
Suraj Jha (08415603416)
Sukanto Mette (08215603416)
Shubham Kanauji (07715603416)
Guided By:
MR. VIKAS KATARIA
MR. ANKUR TAYAL

2. MINOR PROJECT
TO STUDY THE VARIATION IN WORKABILITY AND STRENGTH BY
CHANGING THE PROCEDURE OF CONCRETE MIX

3. LIST OF CONTENTS
 Introduction
 Objectives
 Literature review
 Tests of cement
 Tests of course aggregate
 Tests of fine aggregate
 Methodology and proceeding
 Conclusions
 References

4. INTRODUCTION
 Workability is a property of raw or fresh concrete mixture. In simple words, workability means the
ease of placement and workable concrete means the concrete which can be placed and can be
compacted easily without any segregation.
 The strength of concrete is the most important property for us. It depends on density ratio or
compaction and compaction depend on sufficient workability. Fresh concrete must have a
workability as compaction to maximum density is possible with a reasonable amount of work.

5. Relation of compressive strength and workability with W/C ratio:
Case 2 : Water
cement ratio
Decreases
Compressive
strength Increases
Workability
Decreases
Case 1: Water
cement ratio
Rises
Compressive
strength
decreases
Workability
Increases

6. OBJECTIVE
To analyze the effect of different way of water addition in concrete with different
grades keeping other parameters constant such as the coarse and fine aggregate size
distribution and other material and instrumental parameters
To determine the properties change such as compressive strength and workability
in three different trials of concrete prepared .

7. LITERATURE REVIEW
S.NO. AUTHOR WORK YEAR
1. Duval.R ,
E. H. Kadri
Influence of silica fume on workability and the
compressive strength of high performance
concrete . The result show that partial cement
replacement up to 10% silica fume does not
reduce the concrete workability
1998
2. Ferraris,Chiara F.
,Karthik H. Obla,
Russell Hill
The influence of mineral admixture on the
rheology of cement paste and concrete .
rheology test on cement paste were used to
successfully select the type and dosage of
mineral admixture that improved the
workability . Result show that ultrafine fly ash
was determine to give the best result.
2001

8. S.NO. AUTHOR WORK YEAR
3. Siebal.E Air-void characteristic and freezing and
thawing resistance of superplasticized air
entrained concrete with high workability
1989
4. Zain,Muhammad
Fauzi Mohd,Md
Safiuddin,K.M.Yusof
A study on the properties of freshly mixed high
performance concrete in respect of slump,
slump flow, V-funnel flow, air content,
temperature, and unit weight. The result show
that traditional slump test is not efficient to
evaluate the workability and flow ability of
performance concrete.
1999

9. S.NO. AUTHOR WORK YEAR
5. Gjory, Odd E. Workability: a new way of testing.
New cements and new mineral and chemical
admixtures affect the fresh concrete workability
in a way that is not properly reflected by
empirical test methods, therefore to take a more
basic approach to the testing and specification
of the fresh concrete workability by coaxial
cylinders viscometer.
1998
6. Deepa Balakrishnan,
K. C. Paulose
Workability and strength characteristic of self
compacting concrete containing fly ash and
dolomite powder. for all levels of cement
replacement concrete achieved superior
performance in the fresh and mechanical tests
compared with the reference.
2013

10. TESTS OF CEMENT
NORMAL CONSISTENCY TEST :
Water cement ratio Depth of penetration from bottom
32% 35mm
34% 17mm
36% 10mm
38% 0mm
36.25% 6mm

11. INITIAL FINAL SETTLING TIME TEST :
Cement =400gm
Water= (0.85) * (36.25/100) * (400) = 125gm
Results:
Initial settling time =17 min
Final settling time =10 hr 13min

12. SOUNDNESS TEST :
Wt Of Cement = 400g
Normal Consistency = 36.25%
Since Water Added = (0.78)*(400)*(36.25)/100
= 113.1 g
RESULT :
Mean expansion = 0.1 mm
Of three samples

13. Passing through IS Sieve,
mm
Retained on IS Sieve,
mm
Wt. Of aggregate
retained in gram
20 16 45
16 12.5 77
12.5 10 32
10 6.3 1
6.3 Pan 0
FLAKINESS INDEX = (TOTAL WT. PASSING THROUGH VARIOUS THICKNESS GAUGE) * (100)
(TOTAL WT. OF SAMPLE TAKEN)
= ( 45+77+32+1)*100
877
= 17.67%
TESTS OF AGGREGATE
FLAKINESS INDEX:

14. Passing through IS Sieve,
mm
Retained on IS Sieve,
mm
Wt. Of aggregate retained
in gram
20 16 35
16 12.5 141
12.5 10 45
10 6.3 46
6.3 Pan 0
ELONGATION INDEX = (TOTAL WT. RETAIN THROUGH VARIOUS THICKNESS GAUGE ) * 100
(TOTAL WT. OF SAMPLE TAKEN)
= ( 35+141+45+46)*100
777
= 34.36%
ELONGATION INDEX

15. SPECIFIC GRAVITY OF COARSE AGGREGATE :
DESCRIPTION SAMPLE IN (gm)
Wt. Of sample 1000
Wt. Of vessel +sample + water (A) 3372
Wt. Of vessel+ water (B) 2754
Wt. Of saturated and surface dry sample (C) 990
Wt. Of oven dry sample(D) 982
= D / { C - ( A – B ) }
= 2.64

16. WATER ABSORPTION OF COARSE AGGREGATE :
= (C-D) * 100
D
= (990-982) * 100
982
= 0.81%
DESCRIPTION SAMPLE IN GM
Wt. Of sample 1000
Wt. Of vessel +sample + water (A) 3372
wt. Of vessel+ water (B) 2754
Wt. Of saturated and surface dry sample (C) 990
Wt. Of oven dry sample(D) 982

17. Sieve size
(mm)
Wt. Retained
(kg)
Percentage
retained
Cummulative
% retained
Percentage
finer
40 0 0 0 100
20 0.782 26.06 26.06 73.94
16 0.555 18.49 44.55 55.45
12.5 0.873 29.11 73.66 26.34
10 0.56 18.8 92.46 7.54
4.75 µ 0.229 7.63 100 0
2.36 µ 0 0 100 0
SIEVE ANALYSIS OF COARSE AGGREGATE :

18. FINE AGGREGATE :
Sieve Analysis :
Sieve in mm Wt. Retain in gram
4.75 1
2.36 108
1.18 294
600 543
300 48
150 3
pan 1

19. TYPES OF SLUMP

20. CONCRETE MIX
1 : 1 : 2
M25 grade
1 : 1.5 : 3
M20 grade
TRIAL 1 TRIAL 2 TRIAL 3
METHODOLOGY

21. TRIAL 1
(Conventional method)
DESIGN MIX CONCRETE
+
0.5 W/C RATIO
RESULTS
CTM TEST = 150 KN
WORKABILITY = ZERO SLUMP

22. TRIAL 2
( 24 hr WATER DIPPED AGGREGATE )
DESIGN MIX CONCRETE
+
(0.5 W/C RATIO) – (ADSORBED WATER) = EXTERNALLY ADDED WATER
* Total water in concrete is 0.5 w/c ratio
RESULTS
CTM TEST = 220 KN
WORKABILITY = TRUE SLUMP

23. TRIAL 3
( 24 hr WATER DIPPED AGGREGATE ) + ( OVEN DRIED )
DESIGN MIX CONCRETE
+
( 0.5 W/C RATIO ) + ( ADSORBED WATER ) = EXTERNALLY ADDED
WATER
* Total water is greater than 0.5 w/c ratio in concrete
RESULTS
CTM TEST = 185 KN
WORKABILITY = SHEAR SLUMP

24. 150
220
185
0
50
100
150
200
250
M20
trial 1
trial 2
trail 3
YaxisisstrengthinKN
Fig :- Strength variation of different trials in M20

25. 180
300
225
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
M25
trial 1
trial 2
trial 3
YaxisisstrengthinKN
Fig :- Strength variation of different trials in M25

26. GRADE 1:1.5:3
• TRIAL 1 = ZERO SLUMP
• TRIAL 2 = TRUE SLUMP
• TRIAL 3 = SHEAR SLUMP
GRADE 1:1:2
• TRIAL 1 = ZERO SLUMP
• TRIAL 2 = TRUE SLUMP
• TRIAL 3 = SHEAR SLUMP
WORKABILITY COMPARISON

27. CONCLUSION
From the above three trials we can see that trail 2 is giving best results that is
the 24 hr water dipped aggregate . So we conclude that if we are using 24 hr
water dipped coarse aggregate in concrete then we will get following
improved results.
 We will get better efficiency in terms of workability of concrete.
 We will get better efficiency in terms of Strength of concrete.
 The cost of overall project can be minimized.

28. REFERENCES
 IS 383-2016 (table no. 7 &9)
 IS 1199-1959 (page no. 8)
 IS : 4031 (Part 4) 1988 : Determination of consistency of standard cement paste.
 IS : 4031 (Part 5) 1988 : Determination of initial and final setting times .
 IS : 4031 (Part 3) 1988 : Determination of soundness of cement.
 IS : 2386 (Part 3) 1963 : Determination of finness modulus of aggregate.
 IS : 10262 (2009) : Guidelines for concrete mix design proportioning.
 IS : 383 ( 2016) : Coarse and fine aggregate for concrete- specifications.


29. Thank you