1. PRESENTED BY:
Mark Gil S. Obciana
MEng-SE
INVESTIGATING BLAST-RESISTANT REINFORCED
CONCRETE BUILDING AND ITS STRUCTURAL
STABILITY DURING AN EXTERNAL
BOMB EXPLOSION
UNIVERSITY OF THE CITY OF MANILA
GRADUATE SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING
INTRAMUROS, MANILA
PAMANTASAN NG LUNGSOD NG MAYNILA
2. BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY:
• Terrorism – the act of using violence to frighten and cause panic
in an area as a way to achieve a political or religious goal
• Modern terrorism came into being after the Second World War
with the proliferation of nationalist movements in the old
empires of the European powers
3. BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY:
Figure 1.1 Number of Terrorist Incidents Around the
World in 2017 (ourworldindata.org, 2018).
4. BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY:
• Bombing – detonating of explosives in a crowded location with
an intention to kill and cause chaos.
• A bomb explosion within or around a building can have
devastating effects, which damages internal or external
portions of a building
5. BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY:
Figure 1.2 Annual Number of Terrorist Incidents in
the Philippines (ourworldindata.org, 2018)
7. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM:
• Terrorism poses great danger both to the people and
structures where an attack may happen
• The latest revision of the National Structural Code of the
Philippines in 2015 provided guidelines for calculating dynamic
loads such as earthquake and wind loads, but not for blast
loads.
• How to apply updated provisions and guidelines used in other
countries in the structural analysis of structural members of
buildings to make them blast resistant thus minimizing
structural damage and casualties of a possible terrorism
incident?
8. OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY:
The specific objectives of the study are the following:
• To apply the updated standards and provisions in calculating
blast loads in the structural analysis of building structures
• To determine the different parameters to be considered for the
proper analysis of blast-resistant building structures
• To use STAAD V8i or other applicable structural analysis
software in the analysis of blast-resistant buildings
• To provide guidance to structural engineers where there is a
necessity of protection against the explosions caused by
detonation of bombs
9. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY:
The following people or group of people will benefit from the
fruits of this research study:
• The Philippine Government
• The Filipino Public
• Filipino Structural Engineers
• Future Researchers
10. SCOPE AND DELIMITATION:
• This research study will focus on the analysis of structure
subjected to blast loadings as additional dynamic loads aside
from wind and earthquake loads
• This study will only be limited to building structures.
• Analysis of bridges, roads, slope protections and other
horizontal structures and infrastructures subjected to dynamic
blast loadings will not be included in this study
• This study is also limited to blast loadings caused by bomb
explosions.
• Blast loadings coming from gas and nuclear blast loadings will
not be included.
11. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:
• The researcher as a method of investigation will use Response
Spectrum Analysis. It is a linear-dynamic statistical analysis
method which measures the contribution from each natural
mode of vibration to indicate the likely maximum seismic
response of an essentially elastic structure.
• The researcher will consider a 12-story building with an area of
96m2. The height of each story will be 3m throughout the
model.
12. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:
Standoff
Distance (m)
Blast Load
(kg
Type Model
Column
Sizes (mm)
Beam Sizes
(mm)
Case 1 30 100
1, 3 and 4 1200x1200 1200x800
2 1500x1500 1500x1900
Case 2 20 100
1, 3 and 4 1000x1000 200x650
2 1850x1850 1850x900
Case 3 30 300
1, 3 and 4 1800x1800 1800x800
2 1950x1950 1950x900
Case 4 20 300
1, 3 and 4 3000x3000 2000x800
2 3000x3000 2000x900
13. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:
• Static Loadings – Dead and live loads are to be determined in
accordance to the latest revision of the National Structural Code
of the Philippines
• External Blast Loads – External blast loads to be used in the
analysis will be calculated based from M.Y.H. Bangash (2006)
• Analysis – Response Spectrum analysis will be used using
STAAD V8i
• Conclusions will be formulated based from the results of the
analysis for each cases.
