Products with chemical elements (chm 117)

1
8/1/2018
SL Name ID Topics
1 Sumaiya Ismail Soap
2 Motiur Perfume
3 Nahifa Binte Ahammed Talcum Powder
4 Md. Mehebub Hasan Milon Toothpaste
5 Abid Hasan Shaving Cream
6 Md Al-Amin Facewash
7 Md Minarul Islam Detergent
8 Md. Abdullah Al Shakil Body Lotion
9 Susmita Banik Shampoo
Group Name: Just Do It

2
Contents
SOAP............................................................................................................................................................1
PERFUME & BODY SPRAY....................................................................................................................6
TALCUM POWDER................................................................................................................................11
TOOTHPASTE.........................................................................................................................................16
SHAVE CREAM.......................................................................................................................................23
FACE WASH ............................................................................................................................................27
DETERGENT ...........................................................................................................................................30
FACE CRÈME/BODY CRÈME .............................................................................................................32
SHAMPOO................................................................................................................................................35
Figures lists
Figure 1 Savlon with Glycerin......................................................................................................................1
Figure 2 HE Advanced Grooming Perfumed Body Spray............................................................................6
Figure 3 White Tone Face Powder .............................................................................................................11
Figure 4 Colgate Toothpaste.......................................................................................................................16
Figure 5 Categories of Commercial Toothpaste .........................................................................................18
Figure 6 Cremo Shave Cream.....................................................................................................................23
Figure 7 GARNIER MEN POWER WHITE ANTI-DARK FAIRNESS FACE WASH...........................27
Figure 8 Wheel Powder ..............................................................................................................................30
Figure 9 : NIVEA Soft Moisturizing Crème...............................................................................................32

Sumaiya Ismail
ID: 15203088
1
SOAP
Product Name: Savlon with Glycerin
Brand Name: Savlon
Series Name: Gentle moisturizing
Ingredients Name: Sodium Palmate, Water, Sodium Palm Kernelate, Glycerin, Fragrance,
Sodium Chloride, Triclosan, Disodium Etidronate.
Figure 1 Savlon with Glycerin
Sodium Palmate:
Chemical formula: C16H31NaO2
Function Advantage Disadvantage
 Sodium palmate is
synthesized by reacting palm
oil with sodium hydroxide.
This process is called
saponification.
Saponification occurs when
a fatty acid reacts with an
 Sodium palmate acts
as a surfactant and
emulsifying agent
 Burning of skin
 Skin irritation
 Eye irritation

Sumaiya Ismail
ID: 15203088
2
alkali. Palm oil is the fatty
acid and sodium hydroxide
is the alkali. Glycerol and
sodium palmate are the end
products of this reaction.
Water:
Chemical formula: H2O
 Water is used
to dissolve the
sodium
hydroxide lye
so it can
interact with
the soaping
oils to begin
the
saponification
process. As
the soap cures,
some of the
water
evaporates
and makes a
harder,
longer-lasting
bar of soap.
 Water discounting a
soap recipe can
cause the soap
batter to thicken
quickly. Generally,
the more a recipe is
water discounted,
the faster the
soap thickens..
 Hard water because of
high mineral content
reacts with soap to form
Soap Scum. Soap scum is
responsible to create a
layer of scales over the
surfaces in our
bathrooms. It becomes
extremely difficult to
remove the scum if it is
left for some time.
 Each hair shaft is made up
of little scales. Because of
high mineral content and
scum formation, these
scales tend to stand up
which makes your hair
feel extremely rough and
tangled.
Glycerin:
Chemical formula: C3H8O3

Sumaiya Ismail
ID: 15203088
3
 Our natural
soap sits out
in humid
conditions, it
will shimmer
with beads of
moisture. The
glycerin, a
humectant, in
the soap will
draw the
moisture out
of the air and
onto the soap.
 Glycerin soap is gentler
on skin than mostsoaps,
making it a good choice
for people who have
particularly dry or
sensitive skin.
 According to Vermont
Soap Organics, glycerin
soap also has a lower
pH than other soaps,
which helps the skin
retain its natural
moisture.
 Although glycerin
soap is safe for all
skin types, its
humectant effects
may be
bothersome for
people who have
very oily skin.
Glycerin easily
absorbs water, so a
bar of
this soap may not
last as long as
conventional
varieties.
Sodium Chloride:
Chemical formula: NaCl
 Without soap, oil and
water don't mix. With
soap, they do. The
addition
of salt (sodium
chloride) to the crude
form of soap forms
fatty-acid salts. The
sodium ions from the
sodium chloride bond
with the fatty acid,
forming a product
that is less soluble in
water.
 Cleansing the skin
with soaps containin
g salt is an excellent
way to benefit from
this mineral content.
The formula de-
greases the skin,
removing dead skin
cells
 Sodium
Chloride is
considered a
relatively safe
ingredient,
although the
Cosmetics
Database has
given it no
official rating
but still
considers it a
low hazard. ...
Whether
ingested or
applied
topically, Sodi
um Chloride is
considered saf
e and non-
carcinogenic
or toxic.
Triclosan:

Sumaiya Ismail
ID: 15203088
4
Chemical formula: C12H7Cl3O2
 Triclosan (sometimes
abbreviated as TCS)
is an antibacterial and
antifungal agent
found in some
consumer products,
including
toothpaste, soaps,
detergents, toys, and
surgical cleaning
treatments. It is
similar in its uses and
mechanism of action
to triclocarban.
 Triclosan is
widely used as
an
antimicrobial
ingredient in
surgical hand
scrubs and
hand washes
in hospitals
and other
healthcare
facilities.
 In toothpaste,
triclosan can
help combat
the bacteria
that cause
gingivitis.
 Triclosan is
found in over-
the-counter
consumer
antiseptic
products such
as hand wipes,
rubs or gels,
which can be
used to clean
hands when
water is
unavailable.
 Abnormal
endocrine
system/thyroid
hormone
signaling.
 Weakening of
immune system.
 Children
exposed to
antibacterial
products at an
early age have an
increased chance
of developing
allergies, asthma
and eczema.
 Uncontrolled
cell growth.
 Developmental
and reproductive
toxicity.

Disodium Etidronate:
Chemical formula: C2H6Na2O7P2

Sumaiya Ismail
ID: 15203088
5
 EDTA is a
chemical that binds
and holds on to
(chelates) minerals
and metals such as
chromium, iron,
lead, mercury,
copper, aluminum,
nickel, zinc,
calcium, cobalt,
manganese, and
magnesium. When
they are bound,
they can't have any
effects on the body
and they are
removed from the
body.
 Disodium EDTA
and the related
ingredients bind to
metal ions which
inactivates them.
The binding of
metal ions helps
prevent the
deterioration of
cosmetics and
personal care
products. It also
helps to maintain
clarity, protect
fragrance
compounds, and
prevent rancidity.
 EDTA is safe when
used as a
prescription
medicine, as eye
drops, and in small
amounts as a
preservative in
foods. EDTA can
cause abdominal
cramps, nausea,
vomiting, diarrhea,
headache, low
blood pressure, skin
problems, and
fever.
It is UNSAFE to
use more than 3
grams of EDTA per
day, or to take it
longer than 5 to 7
days. Too much can
cause kidney
damage,
dangerously low
calcium levels, and
death.

Motiur
ID: 15203082
6
PERFUME & BODY SPRAY
Product Name: HE Advanced Grooming Perfumed Body Spray
Brand Name: HE
Series Name: Ruler
Ingredients Name: Ethyl Alcohol, Butane, Isobutane, Propane, Propane, Perfume, Propylene
Glycol, Diethylphthalate, phenoxyethanol, Triclosan.
Figure 2 HE Advanced Grooming Perfumed Body Spray
Ethyl Alcohol: C2H6O
 Ethyl Alcohol is a common
ingredient in many,
Perfume, cosmetics and
beauty products.
 It acts as an astringent to
help clean skin, in lotions as
a preservative and to help
ensure that lotion
ingredients do not separate,
 Ethyl Alcohol is
effective in killing
microorganisms like
bacteria, fungi and
viruses. It is a
common ingredient in
many hand sanitizers.
 Ethyl Alcohol is
known to cause
the skin to dry.
Dryness of skin
leads to
itchiness and
may cause
rashes.

Motiur
ID: 15203082
7
and in hairsprays to help the
spray adhere to hair.
Butane: C4H10
 Butane is
easily
compressed
into liquid
form, so when
pressure
decreases, it
turns into a
gas
and sprays out.
 It helps to spray
out from
container of
Perfumed body
spray.
 Inhalation of butane can
cause euphoria,
drowsiness, narcosis,
asphyxia, cardiac
arrhythmia, fluctuations
in blood pressure.
 And Causes temporary
memory loss, when
abused directly from a
highly pressurized
container, and can result
in death from
asphyxiation and
ventricular fibrillation. It
enters the blood supply
and within seconds
Isobutane: C4H10
 Used in cosmetics
and personal care
products as a
replacements for
chlorofluorocarbons,
or CFC propellants.
 Isobutane used as
safe as a cosmetic
ingredient.
 These panels
assumed that
contact with the
skin would be
minimal, as the
gas evaporates
quickly.
 It is very much
flammable. So it
can cause danger.
Propane: C3H8

Motiur
ID: 15203082
8
 Used as volatile
substances
 It meets the clean
air energy
standards of the
Environmental
Protection
Agency.
 It is nontoxic and
soluble in water,
and because it is a
gas it cannot spill,
form pools or
leave
environmentally
damaging
residues.
 It is also
flammable as
LPG.
Perfume:
 Perfume is a
mixture of fragrant
essential oils or
aroma compounds,
fixatives and
solvents, used to
give the human
body, animals,
food, objects, and
living-spaces an
agreeable scent
 It provides a
beautiful smell
 Wearing
perfume is
enhancing the
mood.
 Perfume helps
lift person’s
spirits.
 Some of these
chemicals cause
irritability, mental
vagueness, asthma,
bloating, sinus pain,
fatigue, eye
irritation,
gastrointestinal
problems, laryngitis,
headaches
Propylene Glycol: C3H8O2
 Dipropylene
glycol, fragrance
grade, is used as a
solvent due to the
fact that it is
odorless, colorless
and has a high
boiling point and a
low toxicity.
 This compound
can be used both
by home fragrance
makers and
commercial
fragrance makers.
 It also helps active
ingredients
penetrate skin.
 propylene glycol
includes mild skin
irritation,
including causing
redness.


Motiur
ID: 15203082
9
Diethylphthalate: C12H14O4
 used as a
plasticizer in
products such as
nail polishes to
reduce cracking
by making them
less brittle;
dimethyl phthalate
(DMP)
 Diethyl phthalate
is a colorless
liquid that has a
bitter,
disagreeable taste.
 This synthetic
substance is
commonly used to
make plastics
more flexible.
 It causes toxicity
and cancer
Phenoxyethanol: C8H10O2
 Also known as
Ethylene Glycol
Monophenyl
Ether, is a glycol
ether and
bactericide that is
primarily used as a
preservative in
cosmetics and
beauty products.
 Interestingly,
although the
phenoxyethanol
used in skincare.
 Products is almost
always synthetic,
this chemical
occurs naturally in
green tea.
 It can cause skin
and lung irritation.
 It's also toxic to
the kidneys,
nervous system,
and liver, and
repeated, long-
term exposure can
cause organ
damage.
 It notes that toxic
effects can occur
through
inhalation, skin
exposure, and
ingestion.
Triclosan: C12H7Cl3O2
 Triclosan is an
ingredient to
reduce or prevent
bacterial
contamination.
 Triclosan added to
prevent gingivitis.
 Abnormal
endocrine
system/thyroid
hormone
signaling.

Motiur
ID: 15203082
10
Weakening of
immune system.
 Children exposed
to antibacterial
products at an
early age have an
increased chance
of developing
allergies, asthma
and eczema

Nahifa Binte Ahammed
ID:15203087
11
TALCUM POWDER
Product name: White Tone Face Powder
Brand name: Vini Cosmetics Pvt. LTD
Product type: Talcum face powder
Ingredient Name:
1. Talc (Mg3Si4O10 (OH) 2)
2. Aluminum Starch Octenylsuccinate (C18H28O9Al1/3(C6H1005) n)
3. Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3)
4. Magnesium Stearate (Mg (C18H35O2)2)
5. Silica (SiO2 )
Figure 3 White Tone Face Powder
Talc (Mg3Si4O10(OH)2)

ID:15203087
12
1. Talc is a mineral. It is
hydrated magnesium silicate.
2. It is a rock known as steatite
or soapstone, which is
composed of varying
proportions of the mineral talc,
often combined with other
minerals such as chlorite and
carbonate.
3. It is an industrial raw
material in powder form,
which is used in a wide range
of applications.
4. It is a cosmetic powder. This
is its most widely known
application—but one of the
smallest in terms of
consumption.
1. Talc is used in many
industries, including paper
making, plastic, paint and
coatings, rubber, food, electric
cable, pharmaceuticals,
cosmetics, and ceramics.
2. It is used to coat the insides
of inner tubes and rubber
gloves during manufacture to
keep the surfaces from
sticking. Talc, with heavy
refinement, has been used in
baby powder,
an astringent powder
3. It is a source of MgO flux in
high-temperature glazes (to
control melting temperature).
 1. It is likely to promote cancer
symptoms in people. Various
studies reveal that constant use
and inhalation of talcum
powder causes lung cancer,
ovary cancer and skin
diseases.
 2. A type of lung disease
called pulmonary talcosis is a
rare disorder caused by the
inhalation of talc.
 3. When babies or children
inhale the tiny particles of talc
in baby powder, it can produce
a drying effect on their mucous
membranes and affect
breathing ability.
Source:
https://draxe.com/talcum-powder/
https://b2bbusinessnews.wordpress.com/2013/02/06/uses-and-dangers-of-talcum-powder-in-
your-life/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talc
Aluminum Starch Octenylsuccinate (C18H28O9Al1/3(C6H1005)n)
1. Aluminum Starch
Octenylsuccinate
(C18H28O9Al1/3(C6H1005)n)
is a modified starch. Starch is a
complex carbohydrate made by
plants.
2. In cosmetics and personal
care products, Aluminum
Starch Octenylsuccinate is
used in the formulation of
lotions, powders, makeups and
underarm deodorants.
1. Acts as an anti-caking
agent, a viscosity (resistance
to flow) increasing agent, and
an absorbent.
 2. Used in foundations, skin
moisturizers, lipsticks, eye
shadows, concealers,
sunscreens and facial powders
as an anti-caking and viscosity
increasing agent
 3. It can keep foundation from
caking onto the skin, or lessen
1. It is a chemical that is toxic
to the human nervous system
and is a suspected
developmental neurotoxin.
The aluminum compounds
are also suspected respiratory
hazards.
2. The Cosmetic Ingredient
Review (CIR) Expert
Panel has assessed this
ingredient already
established limitations on

ID:15203087
13
3. It has been reported to
enhance the sun protection
factor of Over-the-Counter
(OTC) sunscreen formulations.
the greasy shine associated
with certain lotions
certain heavy metal
concentrations are not
exceeded.
Source:
https://www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/aluminum-starch-octenylsuccinate
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12042058
Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3)
1. Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3)
is found in chalk, limestone,
marble and travertine. Even
eggshells are 95% calcium
carbonate.
2. Calcium Carbonate has a
gazillion uses that are not
related to cosmetics. It is a filler
in plastics, in paint, a whitening
agent in ceramics, in
toothpaste, to make chalk, it is
used as a dietary supplement.
1. Calcium Carbonate absorbs
moisture. In cosmetics, Calcium
Carbonate makes a great absorber
in foundations, primers and
finishing powders.
2. In makeup, it is used as a
pigment, pigment extender and
prolonger. It can also be used as a
whitener and oil absorber.
3. In the pharmaceutical industry,
calcium carbonate is used as a
binder in tablets, capsules, and
other formulations.
4. Used in treatment of calcium-
related health conditions like
osteoporosis.
5. It is added in soy milk and other
food products to serve as a calcium
source.
 6. It is also widely used in
manufacturing toothpaste and other
dental care products.
1. One commonly observed
side effect is an abnormal
swelling of the face, tongue,
and throat.
2. Calcium Carbonate
interactions with other drugs
and medication. As this
compound possesses a strong
binding property, it attaches
itself to drugs and changes their
therapeutic effects.
3. Individuals who are
hypersensitive to external
calcium supplements may
experience difficulty in
breathing after taking calcium
carbonate containing
medication.
4. Other side effects are dry
mouth, increased urination,
mood swings, confusion, and at
times, coma.
5. It is usual to have some mild
side effects such as skin rash,
nausea, and upset stomach.

ID:15203087
14
Source:
https://healthhearty.com/calcium-carbonate-side-effects
https://www.texasnaturalsupply.com/Calcium-Carbonate-p/clcb-ch.htm
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcium_carbonate
Magnesium Stearate (Mg (C18H35O2)2)
1. Magnesium Stearate (Mg
(C18H35O2)2) is white, water-
insoluble powder produced by
the reaction of sodium
stearate with magnesium salts
or by treating magnesium
oxide with stearic acid.
2. It is a soap, consisting
of salt containing two
equivalents of stearate (the
anion of stearic acid) and
one magnesium cation
(Mg2+
).
3. Its applications exploit its
softness, insolubility in many
solvents, and low toxicity.
1. It is often used as an anti-
adherent in the manufacture of
medical tablets, capsules and
powders.
2. It is also useful because it
has lubricating properties,
preventing ingredients from
sticking to manufacturing
equipment during the compression
of chemical powders into solid
tablets.
3. Magnesium stearate can also be
used efficiently in dry coating
processes.
4. It is used to bind sugar in hard
candies like mints, and is a
common ingredient in baby
formulas.
1. Magnesium stearate and
stearic acid have negative effects
on immune responses.
2. It interferes with the body’s
ability to absorb nutrients from
tablets.
3. Ingesting higher amounts of
magnesium stearate, which can
cause unusual health effects.
4. Inhalation of magnesium
stearate powder and fumes
causes severe inflammation of
the respiratory system and
asphyxia, particularly in those
people who are hypersensitive to
allergies.
Source:
https://healthhearty.com/magnesium-stearate-side-effects
https://www.healthline.com/health/magnesium-stearate#purpose
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnesium_stearate
Silica ( SiO2 )

ID:15203087
15
1. Silica (SiO2) is a mineral found
naturally in sandstone, clay, and
granite, as well as in parts of
plants and animals, and is used as
a versatile ingredient in the
cosmetics and skin care industry.
2. It has the ability to serve as an
abrasive, anticaking agent, bulking
agent, opacifying agent and
suspending agent.
3. It is most often seen as an
absorbent, because of its ability to
absorb moisture and sweat.
4. Silica is used in many make up
formulas because its spherical
particles not only absorb sweat
and oil, but prevent light
reflection, and improve spread
ability.
1. Silica is used in many make up
formulas because its spherical particles
not only absorb sweat and oil, but
prevent light reflection, and improve
spread ability.
2. It is used as the main ingredient
in sand casting for the manufacture of
metallic components in engineering
and other applications
3. Silica is the primary ingredient in
the production of most glass.
4. It is used as an anti-caking agent in
powdered foods such as spices and
non-dairy coffee creamer.
5. Silica is also used as an ingredient
in powder perfume because the porous
spheres can deliver fragrance over a
long period of time
1. Inhaling finely
divided crystalline
silica dust can lead
to silicosis, bronchiti
s, or lung cancer, as
the dust becomes
lodged in the lungs
and continuously
irritates the tissue,
reducing lung
capacities.
Source:
https://www.truthinaging.com/ingredients/silica
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicon_dioxide

Md. Mehebub Hasan Milon
ID: 15203042
16
TOOTHPASTE
Toothpaste is a paste or gel dentifrice used with a toothbrush as an accessory to clean and
maintain the aesthetics and health of teeth. Toothpaste is used to promote oral hygiene: it serves
as an abrasive that aids in removing dental plaque and food from the teeth, assists in
suppressing halitosis, and delivers active ingredients (most commonly fluoride) to help prevent
tooth decay (dental caries) and gum disease (gingivitis).
Figure 4 Colgate Toothpaste
Chemical Names: Sodium Fluoride mixture with triclosan; 502764-70-7; Colgate Total
Toothpaste; Sodium fluoride and triclosan
Molecular Formula: C12H7Cl3FNaO2
Safety testing for cosmetic products is lax compared to food products – AND – many cosmetic
products are known to contain harmful ingredients. This leaves the door wide open for the
cosmetic industry to fill our toothpaste with whatever ingredients look good, smell good, and taste
good – never mind their effects on our health.
Check the Labels on your Toothpaste
The list of ingredients in commercial toothpastes is a little frightening, to say the least. On the
labels of many mainstream brands, you’re likely to find one or more of the following ingredients:
Triclosan – This is an antibacterial agent and preservative used in some toothpaste. According to
the Environmental Working Group’s Cosmetics Database, Triclosan has been shown to be an
endocrine disruptor, a skin irritant, and can cause allergic reactions in some cases.
Aspartame, Sachharin – These are artificial sweeteners that often show up in toothpaste
formulas. Each has been linked to some serious health problems and should be avoided altogether.

ID: 15203042
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Sorbitol – A liquid that keeps toothpaste from drying out, sorbitol has laxative effects that can
cause diarrhea if too much is swallowed.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) – SLS is a foaming agent and detergent that is added to most
commercial toothpastes. This ingredient is dangerous because the production of SLS results
in contamination with a carcinogenic by-product. Studies on SLS have shown it can have many
detrimental effects on the body. I like my suds, but not at the expense of my overall health.
FD&C Blue Dye No. 2 – That fun color stripe in our toothpaste is most likely from a synthetic
dye. The Center for Science in the Public Interest recommends avoiding these artificial dyes in
personal care products because of the adverse impact they can have, including hyperactivity in
children, allergic reactions, and even cancer (in animal studies).
Fluoride – This ingredient in toothpaste deserves the attention of an entire article, but putting it
simply, fluoride is toxic! It is considered a drug that is added to our toothpaste (and our municipal
water supplies), and it alters the body when we use it . Too much fluoride can have some serious
effects on the body including, but not limited to, fluorosis (spotting and discoloration on teeth). In
fact, the FDA now requires all manufacturers to put a poison warning on all fluoride toothpaste.
I’m serious, go look at your toothpaste label.
To learn more about the fluoride issue you may be interested in the following:
 Fluoride Alert – a network seeking to educate the public on the true dangers of fluoride.
 The Fluoride Deception – an eye-opening video highlighting information from the book,
The Fluoride Deception.
How to AVOID Toxic Ingredients in Toothpaste
If we’re not willing to totally give up store-bought toothpaste, there are many natural brands of
toothpaste on the market formulated without ingredients like sodium lauryl sulfate, artificial dyes,
artificial sweeteners, and fluoride. Some of these are great choices, and can be found in health food
stores or even larger grocery chains.
However, be aware that some of the natural brands we may have trusted in the past are
being bought out by giant companies with lower standards. This makes me wonder what types
of things they will try to sneak into the “natural” formulas they now have control over, including
cheaper ingredients (above) that keep overall costs down.
The cosmetics industry, like the food industry, is becoming more sophisticated at the art of naming
ingredients. We may not notice some of the toxic ingredients listed on the packaging anymore,
usually that’s because other names are being used to describe the same ingredient. For example,
sodium lauryl sulfate may also be called sodium dodecyl sulfate, lauryl sodium sulfate, sodium n-

ID: 15203042
18
dodecyl sulfate, or lauryl sulphate sodium salt. This changes the game – it requires a more savvy
shopper and some awareness of all the possible pseudonyms that might exist for an ingredient.
The best way to avoid having harmful ingredients show up in our mouth is to stay away from
commercial toothpaste. Homemade toothpaste is one of the easiest DIY projects you can do.
Isobutane
Isobutane Synonyms is Butane(Colorless, odorless gas) is used in cigarette lighters and camp
stoves as a fuel. It is easily liquefied under pressure, and the liquid becomes a gas immediately
when the pressure is released.
Chemical Formula: C4H10
Isobutane is a compund in a class of chemicals called alkanes. Alkanes are chains of carbon atoms
where each carbon atom has as many hydrogen atoms attached as possible. This means that all of
the bonds between carbon atoms are single bonds (no double bonds). Such a molecule is said to
be saturated.
The simplest alkane has only one carbon atom. It is called methane.
Butane C4H10
Butane has four carbons. With four carbons, we suddenly have two different ways the carbons can
link up. They can be all in a row, like the molecule shown above, or one carbon can be in the
middle, bonding to three carbons and a hydrogen.
Isobutane C4H10
We call the one with all the carbons in a row butane, and the form with one carbon in the
middle isobutane. The iso is short for isomer, which means a molecule with the same atoms, but
arranged in a different way.
Figure 5 Categories of Commercial Toothpaste

ID: 15203042
19
Some Commercial most trusted toothpaste brands Given below:-
Product Name: Colgate®
Sensitive Lasting Fresh™
Toothpaste
Brand Name: Umbrella Brand
Item part number: IN00757A
Active Ingredient: Potassium nitrate (5%), Sodium fluoride (0.15% w/v fluoride ion)
Inactive Ingredients: Water, Hydrated silica , Glycerin, Sorbitol, PEG-12, PVM/MA copolymer ,
Sodium lauryl sulfate, Flavor, Poloxamer 407, Trisodium phosphate, Sodium hydroxide,
Cellulose gum , Sodium saccharin , Xanthan gum, FD&C blue no. 1
Used to clean
teeth and help
with enamel and
bacteria
 Toothpaste helps keep your teeth clean and
healthy,
 gives nice breath prevents against plaque,
cavities, gum diseases & keeps teeth white
 Dual-silica technology helps remove stains
and helps prevent new stains from forming.
 Fights germs for 12 hours.
Flavored toothpaste
doesn't protect against
plaque. Food tastes really
bad after brushing your
teeth (especially orange
juice)
Product Name: Crest Fluoride 3D Mint Whitening Toothpaste
Brand Name: Umbrella Brand
Item part number: B019FGCM00
Active Ingredient of Crest Complete Toothpaste: sodium fluoride 0.243%
Inactive Ingredients of Crest Complete Toothpaste: sorbitol, water, hydrated silica, disodium
pyrophosphate, flavor, sodium hydroxide, sodium laurel sulfate, alcohol (0.7%), xathan gum,
sodium saccharin, glycerin, carbomer, Copernicia Cerifera (carnauba) wax, poloxamer 407,
polysorbate 80, sodium benzoate, cetylpyridinium chloride, benzoic acid, titanium dioxide, blue 1,
yellow 5

ID: 15203042
20
Crest stated that because of
the low incidence of staining,
there was no need to label
Pro-Health mouthwash as a
potential tooth strainer.
 Removes up to 90% of
surface stains
 Exclusive Whitelock
Technology seals out
future stains
 Enamel safe fluoride
toothpaste to help prevent
cavities
 Vibrant Mint flavor for
fresh breath
 Whitens smile in 2 days*
Maybe swish with salt water
once daily, vigorously. Bone
resorption, hence ill fitting
dentures, is the most common
issue with long term denture
use.
Product Name: Sensodyne Rapid Relief Toothpaste
Brand Name: Aquafresh
Item part number: B078HQ48JX
Active Ingredients: Potassium Nitrate (5%), Sodium Fluoride (0.15% W/V Fluoride Ion)
Inactive Ingredients: D&C Yellow 10, FD&C Blue 1, Flavor, Glycerin, Hydrated Silica, Sodium
Lauryl Sulfate, Sodium Saccharin, Sorbitol, Titanium Dioxide, Trisodium Phosphate, Water,
Xanthan Gum
New Sensodyne Rapid Relief
sensitivity toothpaste works
to beat sensitivity pain fast
 Clinically proven relief
and daily protection for
sensitive teeth
 Toothpaste that can
actually repair sensitive
areas of your teeth.
 Contains patented
NovaMin technology,
which seeks out and forms
a tooth-like layer over
vulnerable areas of the
tooth.
 Contains fluoride to
prevent cavities so that you
can use it every day.
 Certain shops do not have
Sensodyne in stock.
 Some consumers think the
taste is funny.
 Customers confuse which
flavors’ to choose as it
seems like all has the
same effect.

ID: 15203042
21
Product Name: Close-Up Toothpaste, Refreshing Red Gel
Brand Name: Unilever
Item part number: B00AETZ5JI
Active Ingredients: Sodium Fluoride: 0.24% Purpose: Anticavity Toothpaste
Inactive Ingredients: Sorbitol , Water, Hydrated Silica, PEG-32, Sodium Lauryl Sulfate, SD-
Alcohol 38B, Flavor, Cellulose Gum, Sodium Saccharin, Red33, Red40
The original toothpaste with
mouthwash. Cavity fighting
fluoride. Real mouthwash for
fresh breath
 Closeup deep action has
active zinc mouthwash that
gives you up to 12 hours of
fresh breath
 Its microshine crystals
remove yellow film for
whiter teeth
 It also has fluoride for
strong teeth
 Feel the long-lasting clean
taste of eucalyptus freeze
flavor
 sodium fluoride
continues to be a staple in all
leading brand & rsquo;s of
toothpaste.
Product Name: ARM & HAMMER™ Complete Care™ Toothpaste
Brand Name: ARM & HAMMER
Item part number: B01AKGRHGS
Active Ingredients: Sodium Fluoride 0.24% - Anticavity toothpaste.
Inactive Ingredients: Sodium Bicarbonate (Baking Soda), PEG-8, PEG/PPG-116/66
Copolymer, Sodium Carbonate Peroxide, Tetrasodium Pyrophosphate, Silica, Sodium Saccharin,
Flavor, Water, Sodium Lauryl Sulfate, Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate.
The natural power of baking
soda neutralizes acids that
weaken and erode enamel,
for stronger, healthier teeth
and gums.
 Naturally powered by
ARM & HAMMER™
Baking Soda for healthier
teeth and gums*:
 Helps maintain healthy
gums*
 Proven whitening that is
gentle on enamel
 Fluoride cavity protection
and enamel strengthening
 Sodium fluoride continues
to be a staple in all leading
brand & rsquo;s of
toothpaste.

ID: 15203042
22
 Tartar Control
 Fresh Mint Flavor
References:
1.https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Search&profile=advanced&search=toothpa
ste+elements+and+detail&fulltext=1&searchToken=abmkdu3zl3arn5ruszcg4wk2r
2. https://www.amazon.com/Colgate-Total-Advanced-Whitening-
Toothpaste/dp/B0043BCAC8?th=1
3. https://www.colgate.com/en-za/oral-health/basics/selecting-dental-products/colgate-total-
triclosan

Abid Hasan
ID: 15203039
23
SHAVE CREAM
Product Name: Cremo Shave Cream
Brand Name: Walmart
Series Name: Cremo Classic
Ingredients Name: Aqua: Water, Sorbitol, Stearic acid: saturated fatty acid , Glycerin: polyol or
sugar alcohol , Potassium hydroxide: inorganic base.
Figure 6 Cremo Shave Cream
Aqua: Water
Function Advantages Disadvantages
 Water is used as a spreading
agent that distributes other
ingredients evenly and gives
shaving creams a soft texture.
 Water is a solvent that is used
to dissolve certain ingredients
in the shaving cream and
serves as the matrix in which
air is trapped when lather
(foam) is formed.
 It is helpful for
skin.
 It is pure.
 It has some
acidity.
Sorbitol

Abid Hasan
ID: 15203039
24
 It can be obtained by reduction
of glucose, which changes the
aldehyde group to a hydroxyl
group.
 Sorbitol is a naturally
occurring sugar-like alcohol.
 Sorbitol prevents
moisture loss by
pulling water by
osmosis from the
air, hydrating skin.
 Sorbitol can instead
whisk moisture out
of the skin and leave
it dry or damaged
 Severe stomach
cramps.
 abdominal
discomfort
 diarrhea
 dry mouth
Stearic acid: saturated fatty acid
 It’s used in cosmetic
products; stearic acid
primarily fulfills the role of a
thickener or hardener.
 It is also used as an emollient
and thickening agent. Stearic
acid is often used as inorganic
or organic salt or as an ester.
 Stearic acid also has
important cleansing
properties that make
it useful in shaving
cream.
 The ingredient acts
as a surfactant, a
substance that
lowers the surface
tension of oils.
 This low to
moderate hazard
substance can
even lead to
cancer, which
was confirmed
by several
studies.
 Some of the
other possible
side effects of
stearic acid are
skin irritation,
organ toxicity
and
neurotoxicity
problems.
Glycerin: polyol or sugar alcohol

Abid Hasan
ID: 15203039
25
 Glycerin helps perfume to
keep perfumes maintains its
fragrance longer.
 Glycerol also increases the
viscosity of water-glycerol
solutions, affecting the glide
of the lather.
 Moisturizing
 Smoothing
 Maintains Water
Balance
 It is not advised
to use pure
glycerin during
hot and dry
weather, as it can
cause the skin to
lose its moisture
and form
blisters.
 There are some
personal
lubricant
products that
contain pure
glycerin.
 While natural
glycerin is good
for skin, some
forms of
synthetic version
of this
ingredient, found
in some skincare
products, can be
harmful.
Potassium hydroxide: inorganic base
 These are strong inorganic
bases that are used to saponify
triglycerides.
 Inorganic bases are also used
to make fatty acids more
soluble in water.
 Potassium
Hydroxide are used
to control the pH of
shaving cream
 Potassium
Hydroxide is also
 Potassium
Hydroxide is
extremely
corrosive and
can be a
hazardous
irritant when
exposure is at
high levels.

Abid Hasan
ID: 15203039
26
used as an
absorbent.
 According to its
Material Safety
Data Sheet, it
"May cause
irritation.
 Prolonged
contact may
produce
discoloration.
Potassium
hydroxide is
corrosive.

Md Al-Amin
ID: 15203061
27
FACE WASH
Product Name: GARNIER MEN POWER WHITE ANTI-DARK FAIRNESS FACE WASH
Brand Name: GARNIER MEN
Series Name: GARNIER
Ingredients Name: Coca mi do propyl betaine, Butylene glycol, Sodium laureth sulfate,
Disodium Cocoamphodiacetate, Menthol.
Figure 7 GARNIER MEN POWER WHITE ANTI-DARK FAIRNESS FACE WASH
Coca mi do propyl betaine
 Coca mi do propyl betaine is
a surfactant that is a common
ingredient in many liquid skin
cleansers.
 Surfactants allow water to
wash away the oil and dirt
from your skin by decreasing
the surface tension of water
and making it easier to wet
your face.
Surfactants are both
lipophilic - oil loving - and
hydrophilic - water loving -
which enables them to
remove dirt and oil from
your skin.
CAPB is a common
trigger for eczema,
psoriasis, rosacea, and
contact dermatitis. If
you suffer from “allergy
eyes” and don’t have
any underlying sinus
symptoms, CAPB may
be your culprit.
Butylene glycol

Md Al-Amin
ID: 15203061
28
 Fragrance Ingredient; Skin-
Conditioning Agent -
Miscellaneous;
 Solvent; Viscosity Decreasing
Agent;
 Humectant, Masking, Skin
Conditioning, Viscosity
Controlling.
When placed on the
skin or ingested,
butylene glycol is
absorbed and
broken down into
“gamma-
hydroxybutryic
acid,” a naturally
occurring
compound found in
humans.
In sensitive
individuals,
butylene glycol
may be irritating
to the skin, eyes,
and or nasal
passages, but it
is the least
potentially
irritating of all
the glycols.
Sodium laureth sulfate
 It’s considered a standard
comparison substance for
measuring the skin
sensitization of other
ingredients.
 Functions primarily as a
surfactant, but can also be
used as a skin-conditioning
agent, emulsifier, and
solvent.
 SLES is a cheap
surfactant.
 SLES is an
effective surfactant.
 SLES has a chance
of being harmless.
 SLES is used in
many different
types of cleaning
products giving it
versatility.
SLES creates a
strong and well
spread lather when
used.
 Irritates the eyes.
 Irritates the skin.
 Can use dry skin.
 Dries out the
hair.
 Can use
permanent skin
damage.
 Can use
permanent eye
damage.
 If swallowed it
can cause serious
internal injury.
Disodium Cocoamphodiacetate
 This surfactant works as a
mild foaming agent,
cleanser and skin/hair
conditioner.
 Clinical tests have
shown that standard
concentrations of
the ingredient do
 It is contained in
a cosmetic
product is too
low to cause any

Md Al-Amin
ID: 15203061
29
 As a foam booster, it
increases a solution's foaming
capacity by increasing the
surface viscosity of the liquid
which surrounds the
individual bubbles in a foam.
 It cleans the skin/hair by
enabling water to mix with oil
& dirt particles, and
rinse them off the surface.
 It's highly valued for
cleansing the
skin/hair without stripping it
of its natural oils, and is thus
incorporated into many
"moisturizing" cosmetic
cleaning products.
not irritate,
sensitize or
penetrate the skin.
 Though clinical
data indicates that
is not well absorbed
by the skin, it has
been shown to
enhance the dermal
penetration of other
ingredients
contained in a
product.
significant harm
to the body, and
have determined
it as safe to use
in personal care
products.
Perfume Oil
 When applied topically to the
skin, ingested, or inhaled,
menthol produces a cooling
sensation.
 Menthol does not lower the
temperature of the body or
skin.
 Instead, it produces a cooling
effect by blocking the calcium
current along the nerves
responsible for detecting
temperature.
 The message that the
individual receives via the
nerve endings is that the skin
or body is cooling.
 Menthol is
commonly added to
cough drops and
cough medicines to
help relieve sore
throats, coughs, and
mouth and throat
irritations.
 Many menthol
creams exist that
are intended for
rubbing directly on
the skin to help
relieve muscle
aches and cramps,
sprains, skin
irritations, and
headaches. Menthol
creams are popular
among athletes.
 Cooling Agent.
 Oral Hygiene
 Skin sensations
deflect one's
attention from
the pain or ache
in the muscles,
joints, or
tendons, thereby
providing relief
from the pain or
discomfort.
 However, it
must be noted
that menthol
doesn't bring
about a change
the temperature
of the skin.
 It only induces a
sensation of
temperature
change

Md Minarul Islam
ID: 15203054
30
DETERGENT
Product Name: Wheel Powder
Brand Name: Unilever
Series Name: AQVA
Ingredients Name: Super Queen,Klin,Ariel
Figure 8 Wheel Powder
Super Queen
Function and property: laundry
detergent powder
 Enzyme biochemical
function: ensuring easy
penetration of fabric fibers;
 Brighting function: making
colored cloth much brighter;
 . Softening function: making
cloth softer and more
comfortable;
 protection function: safe for
white and color, non-harmful
to skin and environment.
 Suitable for hand
and machine wash.
 High foam, middle
foam, low foam as
buyers request.
 ity, economical
quality available.
 Water saving, time
saving.
 Excessive
alkalies used in
some detergents
can damage the
fabric.
 Colour may run
out while using
this variety of
detergents.

Md Minarul Islam
ID: 15203054
31
Klin
 Brighting function:
makingcolored cloth much
brighter;
 Softening function: making
cloth softer and more
comfortable;
 High quality,
middle qual.
 Water saving, time
saving.
 Greatly increase
soil removal.
 Contain superior
built-in optical
bleach or
brightener which
eliminates the
need for
excessive use of
chlorine bleach
or for blueing.
ARIEL
 Ariel is a marketing line
of laundry detergents made
by Procter & Gamble.
 The compact powder was
originally known as "Ariel
Ultra"; and was subsequently
reformulated into the nineties
as "Ariel Future". This was
possibly in response
to Unilever's launch of the
ultimately doomed "Persil
Power", which was seen to
damage clothes.
 Avoids Chlorine
 Provides a
Natural Detox
 Helps Process
 Essential Minerals
 Wards Off Mystery
Ailments
 Avoids Unclean
Water
 Great for the
Environment
 Purer Than Other
Water
 Cost Effective.
 Better than spring
water
 Water
distillation
cannot remove
impurities with
lower boiling
point
 Constant
consumption can
be dangerous
 Distilled water is
not energy-
efficient
 Increases body
acidity
 It may dissolve
containers

Md. Abdullah Al Shakil
ID: 15203058
32
FACE CRÈME/BODY CRÈME
Product Name: NIVEA Soft Moisturizing Crème.
Brand Name: NIVEA
Series Name: NIVEA RQZ
Ingredients Name: Aqua, Glycerin, Paraffinum Liquidum, Myristyl Alcohol
Figure 9 : NIVEA Soft Moisturizing Crème.
Aqua
 Deionized water is similar to
distilled water, in that it is
useful when impurities are
considered undesirable, such
as in skin care.
 Hydrates and
smooths dry, rough
skin
 Possible irritant
 Skin reactions

Glycerin
 Glycerin helps perfume to
keep perfumes maintains its
fragrance longer.
 It is thought that natural
glycerin serves as a substrate
 Glycerin attracts
water to skin and
helps skin to feel
smoother and
softer.
 Burning
 Stinging
 Redness
 irritation may
occur.

ID: 15203058
33
to allow the skin to mature
properly.
 It gives you
moisturized and
cleansed skin,
without any side
effects.
 Glycerin attracts
moisture onto your
skin which is why it
is considered a
humectant.
Paraffinum Liquidum
 Paraffinum Liquidum
(mineral oil) is a petroleum
by-product and is created
through distillation.
 Mineral oil is an
alkane/paraffin that is
composed entirely of
hydrogen and carbon.
 Mineral oil is one of dozens
of other by-products of
petroleum distillation, making
it a liquid petrolatum.
 With SPF 15
 Durable hydration
 The calming,
mending and
saturating
properties influence
this plant to
separate a powerful
fixing in treating
skin burdens like
dry skin, skin break
out and hyper-
pigmentation.
 Cough syrup.
 Urge to vomit.
 Abdominal
cramps.
 Wind.
 Diarrhea.
 Rash.
 Allergic
reaction.
 Glycerin
laxative-anal.
Myristyl Alcohol
 Myristyl Alcohol is a fatty-
alcohol used as an emollient
 Moisturizing
 Smoothing
 Myristyl Alcohol
found that it was
an irritant, but

ID: 15203058
34
in cosmetics and skin care
products (Source).
 It is primarily used to inhibit
a formula from separating
into its oil and liquid
components.
 Makes Skin Care
Products Feel
Lighter.
 Anti-Microbial
only in patients
with highly
sensitive skin.

Susmita Banik
ID: 15203099
35
SHAMPOO

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