This document provides an overview of vocabulary topics for the TEM 4 exam. It discusses 12 lessons on vocabulary that will cover single-choice and cloze questions from past exams. It also discusses 12 lessons on grammar covering similar question types. Additionally, it outlines 8 lessons on writing and homework on reading comprehension. The teaching materials will include an exam guide, past exam papers from 2015-2022, and mock tests. Examples of vocabulary questions from the 2019 exam are then analyzed in detail. Finally, it briefly introduces the topic of applied linguistics.
4. 词汇专题精讲 （第1-2课时）
• 2019年真题：language usage
32、 A group ______ casinos has urged officials not to grant a license to a facility in the city.
A. opposed to B. objected to C. posed against D. protested against
be opposed to something
to disagree with something such as a plan or system
Most of us are opposed to the death penalty.
Pose: CAUSE PROBLEM (to exist in a way that may cause a problem, danger, difficulty etc)
pose a threat/danger/risk
Officials claim the chemical poses no real threat.
pose something to/for somebody/something
Rising unemployment is posing serious problems for the administration.
5. 词汇专题精讲 （第1-2课时）
• 2019年真题：language usage
33、 After the war, he worked on an island in the Pacific, helping the natives
and medical ______ understand each other's behavior and cultures.
A. members B. persons C. personnel D. faculty
Personnel: [plural] the people who work in a company, organization, or military force → staff
military/medical/technical (etc) personnel
senior military personnel
doctors and other medical personnel
All personnel are to receive security badges.
Faculty noun (plural faculties)
1. [countable] a department or group of related departments within a university → school
faculty of
the Faculty of Law
the Engineering Faculty
2. American English all the teachers in a university
Both faculty and students oppose the measures.
6. 词汇专题精讲 （第1-2课时）
• 2019年真题：language usage
34、 The subject of manners is complex. If it were not, there would not be
so many ______ feelings and so much misunderstanding in international
communication.
A. injurious B. injured C. injuring D. injury
Injurious (adj): causing injury, harm, or damage
injurious to
Smoking is injurious to health.
Injured (adj): having a wound or damage to part of your body → wounded
an injured bird
injured pride/feelings, etc
a feeling of being upset or offended because you think you have been unfairly treated
injured look/expression
a look that shows you feel you have been treated unfairly
7. 词汇专题精讲 （第1-2课时）
• 2019年真题：language usage
35、 To illustrate the limits of First Amendment free speech, many have noted
that the Constitution does not give you the right to falsely ______ "Fire!"
in a crowded theater.
A. yelp B. yank C. yell D. yield
Yelp. noun [countable]
a short sharp high cry which a person or an animal makes because they are excited, in pain, surprised
give/let out a yelp of pain/dismay/surprise, etc
The water was hotter than she had expected, and she gave an involuntary yelp.
Yelp. verb [intransitive]
The dog ran up and down, yelping.
8. 词汇专题精讲 （第1-2课时）
• 2019年真题：language usage
35、 To illustrate the limits of First Amendment free speech, many have noted
that the Constitution does not give you the right to falsely ______ "Fire!"
in a crowded theater.
A. yelp B. yank C. yell D. yield
Yank. verb [intransitive, transitive]
to suddenly pull something quickly and with force
yank something out/back/open
One of the men grabbed Tom’s hair and yanked his head back.
Nick yanked the door open.
yank on/at
With both hands she yanked at the necklace.
9. 词汇专题精讲 （第1-2课时）
• 2019年真题：language usage
36、 The company announced that it has achieved its mission to create a local
food economy that is ______ to any environment.
A. adoptable B. amendable C. alterable D. adaptable
Adaptable. adjective [usually after noun]
able to change in order to be successful in new and different situations
adaptable to
The catfish is adaptable to a wide range of water conditions.
Adapt (to), adaptation, adaptability, adaptor
10. 词汇专题精讲 （第1-2课时）
• 2019年真题：language usage
37、 Although Patterson acknowledges the disappointing season he had with the
Vikings, he has no second ______ about how he went about his business.
A. thoughts B. opinions C. concerns D. reasons
Thought: careful and serious consideration
固定搭配。have no second thoughts意为“未有过别的想法”
11. 词汇专题精讲 （第1-2课时）
• 2019年真题：language usage
38、 Electronic cigarettes should be subject ______ the same taxes and
limitations on public use as traditional tobacco products.
A. about B. at C. to D. on
Subject. noun
1 the thing you are talking about or considering in a conversation, discussion, book, film etc
The subjects covered in this chapter are exercise and nutrition.
2 an area of knowledge that you study at a school or university
My favorite subject is math.
3 a person or animal that is used in a test or experiment
The subjects of this experiment were all men aged 18–35.
12. 词汇专题精讲 （第1-2课时）
• 2019年真题：language usage
38、 Electronic cigarettes should be subject ______ the same taxes and
limitations on public use as traditional tobacco products.
A. about B. at C. to D. on
Subject to:使服从；使遭受；受…管制
1 Prices may be subject to alteration.
13. 词汇专题精讲 （第1-2课时）
• 2019年真题：language usage
39、 FC Barcelona, ______ the most iconic club in world soccer, beat Manchester
United 2-0 to claim the UEFA Champions League title.
A. controversially B. arguably C. debatably D. finally
Arguably. adverb
used when giving your opinion to say that there are good reasons why something might be true
Senna was arguably the greatest racing driver of all time.
14. 词汇专题精讲 （第1-2课时）
• 2019年真题：language usage
40、 The store sells liquid vitamins ______ designed for children under 3.
A. explicitly B. specially C. speculatively D. specifically
Speculative (adjective)
1 based on guessing, not on information or facts
2 bought or done in the hope of making a profit later
speculative investments
if you give someone a speculative look, you look at them while trying to guess something about them
15. 词汇专题精讲 （第1-2课时）
• 2019年真题：language usage
40、 The store sells liquid vitamins ______ designed for children under 3.
A. explicitly B. specially C. speculatively D. specifically
Explicit adjective
expressed in a way that is very clear and direct → implicit
The contrast could not have been made more explicit.
The kidnappers gave us explicit instructions not to involve the police.
Be explicit when you talk about money with your family.
16. 词汇专题精讲 （第1-2课时）
• 2019年真题：language usage
40、 The store sells liquid vitamins ______ designed for children under 3.
A. explicitly B. specially C. speculatively D. specifically
Specifically. adverb
1 relating to or intended for one particular type of person or thing only
advertising that specifically targets children
2 in a detailed or exact way
I specifically asked you not to do that!
17. 词汇专题精讲 （第1-2课时）
• 2019年真题：language usage
41、 The three law ______ officers on the plane came to the rescue of a fellow
passenger who was allegedly trying to kill herself.
A. imposition B. coercion C. enforcement D. reinforcement
Enforcement. noun [uncountable]
when people are made to obey a rule, law etc
law enforcement
For years, federal law enforcement officials were reluctant to penetrate the movement.
18. 词汇专题精讲 （第1-2课时）
• 2019年真题：language usage
41、 The three law ______ officers on the plane came to the rescue of a fellow
passenger who was allegedly trying to kill herself.
A. imposition B. coercion C. enforcement D. reinforcement
Coercion noun [uncountable]
the use of threats or orders to make someone do something they do not want to do
The defendant explained that he had been acting under coercion.
19. 词汇专题精讲 （第1-2课时）
• 2019年真题：language usage
41、 The three law ____ __ officers on the plane came to the rescue of a fellow
passenger who was allegedly trying to kill herself.
A. imposition B. coercion C. enforcement D. reinforcement
Imposition. noun
the introduction of something such as a rule, punishment, tax etc
imposition of
the imposition of martial law.
20. 应用语言学（Applied Linguistics）
• What is Applied Linguistics?
• Applied Linguistics is using what we know about (a) language, (b) how it is learned and (c) how it is
used, in order to achieve some purpose or solve some problem in the real world (Schemitt & Celce-
Celce-Murcia,2008).
(应用语言学是研究如何运用有关语言、语言学习、语言使用的知识来达到一定的目的或者解
决现实中的问题的学科)
• “In a broad sense, applied linguistics is concerned with increasing understanding of the
role of language in human affairs and thereby with providing the knowledge necessary for
for those who are responsible for taking language-related decisions whether the need for
these arises in the classroom, the workplace, the law court, or the laboratory. ”Wilkins
(1999: 7)
(广义上说，应用语言学帮助我们进一步了解语言在人类事物中的作用，为那些负责
做出与语言有关决策的人们提供必要的知识，决策场合可以是教室，工厂，法庭或
实验室。
21. 2011年第16届世界语言学大会议题列出了31个议题，其中包括
• 语言习得 （language acquisition)
• 第一语言习得 （first language acquisition)
• 第二语言习得（second language acquisition)
• 心理语言学（psycholinguistics)
• 语言教与学（language teaching and learning)
• 社会语言学 （sociolinguistics)
• 语言政策（language policy)
• 跨文化交际（interculture communication)
• 语篇分析与语用学（discourse analysis and pragmatics)
• 修辞与文体学（rhetoric and stylistics)
• 语篇中的多模态 （discourse and multimodality)
