Chapter three -Approaches to the study of second language acquisition-All.pptFawziEltayeb
This chapter tries to answer the question : How an L2 acquired ?
By manipulating the following approaches of second language acquisition :
1.Behaviouristic Approach
2.Cognitive /Psychological Approach
3.Creative Construction Approach
4. Sociological Approach
Define what language is;
Examine the early linguistic approaches to SLA: Contrastive Analysis , Error Analysis Interlanguage , Morpheme Order Studies, and Monitor Model;
Bring the internal focus with up-to-date discussion of Universal Grammar (UG): what constitutes the language faculty of the mind;
Discuss external focus: the functions of language that emerge in the course of second language acquisition Systemic Linguistics, Functional Typology , Function-to- Form Mapping , and Information Organization.
Applied the learned knowledge in the language classroom.
Chapter three -Approaches to the study of second language acquisition-All.pptFawziEltayeb
This chapter tries to answer the question : How an L2 acquired ?
By manipulating the following approaches of second language acquisition :
1.Behaviouristic Approach
2.Cognitive /Psychological Approach
3.Creative Construction Approach
4. Sociological Approach
Define what language is;
Examine the early linguistic approaches to SLA: Contrastive Analysis , Error Analysis Interlanguage , Morpheme Order Studies, and Monitor Model;
Bring the internal focus with up-to-date discussion of Universal Grammar (UG): what constitutes the language faculty of the mind;
Discuss external focus: the functions of language that emerge in the course of second language acquisition Systemic Linguistics, Functional Typology , Function-to- Form Mapping , and Information Organization.
Applied the learned knowledge in the language classroom.
CH 3_The Linguistics of Second Language Acquisition.pptxVATHVARY
Define what language is;
Examine the early linguistic approaches to SLA: Contrastive Analysis , Error Analysis Interlanguage , Morpheme Order Studies, and Monitor Model;
Bring the internal focus with up-to-date discussion of Universal Grammar (UG): what constitutes the language faculty of the mind;
Discuss external focus: the functions of language that emerge in the course of second language acquisition Systemic Linguistics, Functional Typology , Function-to- Form Mapping , and Information Organization.
Applied the learned knowledge in the language classroom.
CH 3_The Linguistics of Second Language Acquisition.pptxVATHVARY
Define what language is;
Examine the early linguistic approaches to SLA: Contrastive Analysis , Error Analysis Interlanguage , Morpheme Order Studies, and Monitor Model;
Bring the internal focus with up-to-date discussion of Universal Grammar (UG): what constitutes the language faculty of the mind;
Discuss external focus: the functions of language that emerge in the course of second language acquisition Systemic Linguistics, Functional Typology , Function-to- Form Mapping , and Information Organization.
Applied the learned knowledge in the language classroom.
Meet Crazyjamjam - A TikTok Sensation | Blog EternalBlog Eternal
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From the Editor's Desk: 115th Father's day Celebration - When we see Father's day in Hindu context, Nanda Baba is the most vivid figure which comes to the mind. Nanda Baba who was the foster father of Lord Krishna is known to provide love, care and affection to Lord Krishna and Balarama along with his wife Yashoda; Letter’s to the Editor: Mother's Day - Mother is a precious life for their children. Mother is life breath for her children. Mother's lap is the world happiness whose debt can never be paid.
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Maximizing Your Streaming Experience with XCIPTV- Tips for 2024.pdfXtreame HDTV
In today’s digital age, streaming services have become an integral part of our entertainment lives. Among the myriad of options available, XCIPTV stands out as a premier choice for those seeking seamless, high-quality streaming. This comprehensive guide will delve into the features, benefits, and user experience of XCIPTV, illustrating why it is a top contender in the IPTV industry.
Young Tom Selleck: A Journey Through His Early Years and Rise to Stardomgreendigital
Introduction
When one thinks of Hollywood legends, Tom Selleck is a name that comes to mind. Known for his charming smile, rugged good looks. and the iconic mustache that has become synonymous with his persona. Tom Selleck has had a prolific career spanning decades. But, the journey of young Tom Selleck, from his early years to becoming a household name. is a story filled with determination, talent, and a touch of luck. This article delves into young Tom Selleck's life, background, early struggles. and pivotal moments that led to his rise in Hollywood.
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Early Life and Background
Family Roots and Childhood
Thomas William Selleck was born in Detroit, Michigan, on January 29, 1945. He was the second of four children in a close-knit family. His father, Robert Dean Selleck, was a real estate investor and executive. while his mother, Martha Selleck, was a homemaker. The Selleck family relocated to Sherman Oaks, California. when Tom was a child, setting the stage for his future in the entertainment industry.
Education and Early Interests
Growing up, young Tom Selleck was an active and athletic child. He attended Grant High School in Van Nuys, California. where he excelled in sports, particularly basketball. His tall and athletic build made him a standout player, and he earned a basketball scholarship to the University of Southern California (U.S.C.). While at U.S.C., Selleck studied business administration. but his interests shifted toward acting.
Discovery of Acting Passion
Tom Selleck's journey into acting was serendipitous. During his time at U.S.C., a drama coach encouraged him to try acting. This nudge led him to join the Hills Playhouse, where he began honing his craft. Transitioning from an aspiring athlete to an actor took time. but young Tom Selleck became drawn to the performance world.
Early Career Struggles
Breaking Into the Industry
The path to stardom was a challenging one for young Tom Selleck. Like many aspiring actors, he faced many rejections and struggled to find steady work. A series of minor roles and guest appearances on television shows marked his early career. In 1965, he debuted on the syndicated show "The Dating Game." which gave him some exposure but did not lead to immediate success.
The Commercial Breakthrough
During the late 1960s and early 1970s, Selleck began appearing in television commercials. His rugged good looks and charismatic presence made him a popular brand choice. He starred in advertisements for Pepsi-Cola, Revlon, and Close-Up toothpaste. These commercials provided financial stability and helped him gain visibility in the industry.
Struggling Actor in Hollywood
Despite his success in commercials. breaking into large acting roles remained a challenge for young Tom Selleck. He auditioned and took on small parts in T.V. shows and movies. Some of his early television appearances included roles in popular series like Lancer, The F.B.I., and Bracken's World. But, it would take a
Tom Selleck Net Worth: A Comprehensive Analysisgreendigital
Over several decades, Tom Selleck, a name synonymous with charisma. From his iconic role as Thomas Magnum in the television series "Magnum, P.I." to his enduring presence in "Blue Bloods," Selleck has captivated audiences with his versatility and charm. As a result, "Tom Selleck net worth" has become a topic of great interest among fans. and financial enthusiasts alike. This article delves deep into Tom Selleck's wealth, exploring his career, assets, endorsements. and business ventures that contribute to his impressive economic standing.
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Early Life and Career Beginnings
The Foundation of Tom Selleck's Wealth
Born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, Tom Selleck grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. His journey towards building a large net worth began with humble origins. , Selleck pursued a business administration degree at the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. But, his interest shifted towards acting. leading him to study at the Hills Playhouse under Milton Katselas.
Minor roles in television and films marked Selleck's early career. He appeared in commercials and took on small parts in T.V. series such as "The Dating Game" and "Lancer." These initial steps, although modest. laid the groundwork for his future success and the growth of Tom Selleck net worth. Breakthrough with "Magnum, P.I."
The Role that Defined Tom Selleck's Career
Tom Selleck's breakthrough came with the role of Thomas Magnum in the CBS television series "Magnum, P.I." (1980-1988). This role made him a household name and boosted his net worth. The series' popularity resulted in Selleck earning large salaries. leading to financial stability and increased recognition in Hollywood.
"Magnum P.I." garnered high ratings and critical acclaim during its run. Selleck's portrayal of the charming and resourceful private investigator resonated with audiences. making him one of the most beloved television actors of the 1980s. The success of "Magnum P.I." played a pivotal role in shaping Tom Selleck net worth, establishing him as a major star.
Film Career and Diversification
Expanding Tom Selleck's Financial Portfolio
While "Magnum, P.I." was a cornerstone of Selleck's career, he did not limit himself to television. He ventured into films, further enhancing Tom Selleck net worth. His filmography includes notable movies such as "Three Men and a Baby" (1987). which became the highest-grossing film of the year, and its sequel, "Three Men and a Little Lady" (1990). These box office successes contributed to his wealth.
Selleck's versatility allowed him to transition between genres. from comedies like "Mr. Baseball" (1992) to westerns such as "Quigley Down Under" (1990). This diversification showcased his acting range. and provided many income streams, reinforcing Tom Selleck net worth.
Television Resurgence with "Blue Bloods"
Sustaining Wealth through Consistent Success
In 2010, Tom Selleck began starring as Frank Reagan i
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From Slave to Scourge: The Existential Choice of Django Unchained. The Philos...Rodney Thomas Jr
#SSAPhilosophy #DjangoUnchained #DjangoFreeman #ExistentialPhilosophy #Freedom #Identity #Justice #Courage #Rebellion #Transformation
Welcome to SSA Philosophy, your ultimate destination for diving deep into the profound philosophies of iconic characters from video games, movies, and TV shows. In this episode, we explore the powerful journey and existential philosophy of Django Freeman from Quentin Tarantino’s masterful film, "Django Unchained," in our video titled, "From Slave to Scourge: The Existential Choice of Django Unchained. The Philosophy of Django Freeman!"
From Slave to Scourge: The Existential Choice of Django Unchained – The Philosophy of Django Freeman!
Join me as we delve into the existential philosophy of Django Freeman, uncovering the profound lessons and timeless wisdom his character offers. Through his story, we find inspiration in the power of choice, the quest for justice, and the courage to defy oppression. Django Freeman’s philosophy is a testament to the human spirit’s unyielding drive for freedom and justice.
Don’t forget to like, comment, and subscribe to SSA Philosophy for more in-depth explorations of the philosophies behind your favorite characters. Hit the notification bell to stay updated on our latest videos. Let’s discover the principles that shape these icons and the profound lessons they offer.
Django Freeman’s story is one of the most compelling narratives of transformation and empowerment in cinema. A former slave turned relentless bounty hunter, Django’s journey is not just a physical liberation but an existential quest for identity, justice, and retribution. This video delves into the core philosophical elements that define Django’s character and the profound choices he makes throughout his journey.
Link to video: https://youtu.be/GszqrXk38qk
As a film director, I have always been awestruck by the magic of animation. Animation, a medium once considered solely for the amusement of children, has undergone a significant transformation over the years. Its evolution from a rudimentary form of entertainment to a sophisticated form of storytelling has stirred my creativity and expanded my vision, offering limitless possibilities in the realm of cinematic storytelling.
240529_Teleprotection Global Market Report 2024.pdfMadhura TBRC
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to $70.77 billion in 2028 at a compound annual
growth rate (CAGR) of 26.0%.
In the vast landscape of cinema, stories have been told, retold, and reimagined in countless ways. At the heart of this narrative evolution lies the concept of a "remake". A successful remake allows us to revisit cherished tales through a fresh lens, often reflecting a different era's perspective or harnessing the power of advanced technology. Yet, the question remains, what makes a remake successful? Today, we will delve deeper into this subject, identifying the key ingredients that contribute to the success of a remake.
Meet Dinah Mattingly – Larry Bird’s Partner in Life and Loveget joys
Get an intimate look at Dinah Mattingly’s life alongside NBA icon Larry Bird. From their humble beginnings to their life today, discover the love and partnership that have defined their relationship.
Matt Rife Cancels Shows Due to Health Concerns, Reschedules Tour Dates.pdfAzura Everhart
Matt Rife's comedy tour took an unexpected turn. He had to cancel his Bloomington show due to a last-minute medical emergency. Fans in Chicago will also have to wait a bit longer for their laughs, as his shows there are postponed. Rife apologized and assured fans he'd be back on stage soon.
https://www.theurbancrews.com/celeb/matt-rife-cancels-bloomington-show/
Create a Seamless Viewing Experience with Your Own Custom OTT Player.pdfGenny Knight
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2. 1. Contrastive Analysis CA
CA is an approach to the study of SLA which involves
predicting and explaining learner problems based on a
comparison of L1 & L2 to determine structural similarities
& differences.
3. Contrastive Analysis CA
CA & linguistic and psychological theories 1940s & 1950s
(structuralism & behaviorism)
The goal of CA was primarily pedagogical in nature: to
increase efficiency in L2 teaching and testing.
4. Robert Lado & Linguistics Across Cultures
(1957)
The plan of the book:
We can predict and describe the patterns that will cause
difficulty in learning, and those that will not cause difficulty,
by comparing systematically the language and culture to be
learned with the native language and culture of the student.
5. CA & Structuralism
Following structuralist linguistics, the focus of CA is on
the surface forms of both L1 & L2 systems, and on
describing and comparing the languages on the level at a
time (phonological/morphological/syntactic/lexical
aspect).
A bottom-up analysis (small large)
Fries & his claims on L2 teaching
6. CA& Behaviorism
Language acquisition essentially involves habit formation
in a process of Stimulus-Response-Reinforcement (S-R-
S).
Learners imitate and repeat the language that they hear.
8. The process of CA
Describing L1 & L2 at each level
Analyzing comparable segments of the languages for elements which are
likely to cause problems for learners
This information provides a rationale for constructing language lessons
9. Lado’s assumptions
1. The easiest L2 structures are those which exist in L1 with
the same form, meaning, and distribution and are thus
available for positive transfer.
10. Lado’s assumptions
2. Any structure in L2 which has a form not occurring in L1
need to be learned, but this is not likely to be very
difficult if it has the same meaning and distribution as an
‘equivalent’ in L1.
11. Lado’s assumptions
3. Among the most difficult are structures where there is
partial overlap but not equivalence in form, meaning, and
/ or distribution and these are the most likely to cause
interference.
12. Types of Interference: Spanish & English
same form & meaning, different distribution
English
The white dove
The white doves
Spanish
La paloma blanca
Las palomas blancas
13. Types of Interference: Spanish & English
same meaning, different form
English
I will go
Spanish
iré
14. Types of Interference: Spanish & English
same meaning, different form & distribution
English
Water
Spanish
agua
15. CA
The process of CA can be applied to any L1 & L2, but
analysts cannot assume that such specifics as definitions
of types of interference in Spanish & English will be
relevant for languages with different typological features.
E.g.
All languages inflecting nouns for plural will be contrasted
with languages inflecting verb for number, or with
languages using no grammatical marker for number at all.
16. CA
While CA highlighted potential learning problems,
behaviorist learning theory attributed variable success by
L2 learners in part to the nature of the relationship
between L1 & L2, but most importantly to circumstances
of learning which promote poor versus good habit
formation .
17. The CA of the 1940s & 1960s, & SLA
The CA of the 1940s & 1960s was not adequate for the
study of SLA because:
1. The behaviorist learning theory to which it was tied-
cannot explain the logical problem of language learning.
18. The CA of the 1940s & 1960s, & SLA
2. The CA analyses were not always validated by evidence
from actual errors. Many of the L2 problems which CA
predicts do not emerge; CA does not account for many
learner errors, and much predicted positive transfer does
not materialize.
19. The CA of the 1940s & 1960s, & SLA
But, CA
1. Stimulated the preparation of hundreds of comparative
grammars, and
2. Its analytic procedures have been usefully to descriptive
studies and to translation, including computer
translation.
20. 2. Error Analysis EA (1970s)
Error analysis EA is the first approach to the study of SLA
which includes an internal focus on learners’ creative
ability to construct language.
it is based on the description and analysis of actual
learner errors in L2., rather than on idealized linguistic
structures attributed to native speakers of L1 & L2
21. Error Analysis
EA replaced CA by the early 1970s because of the following
developments:
Overprediction of errors
Underprediction of errors
A change in linguistic theory: structural linguistics underlying
structures
Being based on the notion of habit formation: Behaviorism Nativism
The developing distinction between L2 teaching & L2 learning:
learning process
22. Error Analysis
Behaviorism Nativism
Language thus came to be understood as a rule-governed
behavior
The child is an active participant and not a passive
recipient
23. 3. EA Approach
For the first time,
Learners errors are not bad habits but sources of insight
into the learning process
According to Corder (1967)
1. Errors are windows into the language learner’s mind
(transitional competence)
2. The making of errors is significant because it is part of the
learning process itself
24. 3. EA Approach
For the first time,
Learner language is viewed as a target of analysis which is
potentially independent of L1 & L2, and the state of
learner knowledge is seen as transitional competence on
the path of SLA
25. EA Methodology
The procedure for analyzing the learner errors includes
the following steps:
1. Collection of a sample learner language
2. Identification of errors
3. Description of errors
4. Explanation of errors
5. Evaluation of errors
26. EA Criticism
EA is mainly criticized for a number of shortcomings:
1. Ambiguity in classification (interlingual? interalingual? L1
influence?)
2. Lack of positive data
3. Potential for avoidance
4. Influence of L2 curricula
27. 3. Interlanguage IL (1970s)
Selinker (1972) introduced the term Interlanguage IL to
refer to the intermediate states of a learner’s language/
system as it moves toward the L2.
This linguistic approach has been names different terms,
such as transitional competence, interlanguage, and
approximative systems
28. IL Assumptions
1. Learners construct a linguistic system, which is different
form L1 & L2, but based on L2 input.
2. Learners reconstruct and approximate a certain variety
of L2 that rarely becomes identical to the L2 norm
29. IL Characteristics
IL has the following characteristics:
1. Systematic
2. Dynamic
3. Variable
4. Reduced system in both form & function
30. IL & L1
Selinker (1972) and the difference between IL development in
SLA & La in children (cognitive processes):
1. Language transfer form L1 to L2
2. Transfer of training, or how L2 is taught
3. Strategies of L2 learning
4. Strategies of L2 communication
5. Overgeneralization of the target language linguistic material
6. Fossilization & age of learning
31. IL & Methodology
Selinker identified a number of essential components for IL
analysis:
1. L1 utterances uttered by the learner
2. IL utterances produced by the learner
3. L2 utterances produced by native speakers
32. IL Criticism
1. No concrete hints in the literature on how to describe the
changing linguistic system in IL
2. A large body of data is needed to ascertain a linguistic rule in
the learner’s IL, and this only achieved through longitudinal
studies in order to follow the development of language.
3. Observation of the most truly systematic of a learner’s IL is not
an easy process since it needs a number of considerations
related to social status of both the learner & the researcher
(topic, classroom, monitored speech, etc.)