The document summarizes the major compartments that make up the global ecosystem, including oceans, freshwaters, atmosphere, and land. It describes the flows of energy and materials between these compartments through biogeochemical cycles like the carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus cycles. Human activities are impacting these natural cycles and global climate through fossil fuel usage and increased greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.

1. Ecosystems and Global Ecology

15. Figure 56.6 Primary Production in Different Ecosystem Types (Part 1)

16. Figure 56.6 Primary Production in Different Ecosystem Types (Part 2)

17. Figure 56.6 Primary Production in Different Ecosystem Types (Part 3)

19. Figure 56.7 Net Primary Production of Terrestrial Ecosystems

25. Figure 56.11 Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Concentrations Are Increasing

33. Figure 56.22 Some Ecosystem Types Have Suffered Extensive Losses