This document discusses using Selenium Grid and Terraform to distribute automated UI tests across multiple browsers and operating systems in the cloud. It begins by explaining the benefits of distributed testing using Selenium Grid, such as early feedback to developers, reduced testing time, and increased test coverage. It then provides an overview of how Selenium Grid works and some limitations of running it on-premises. The document proceeds to introduce Terraform as an infrastructure as code tool to deploy Selenium Grid nodes in AWS, managing their lifecycle and enabling automated scaling. It includes examples of Terraform configuration files used to create the necessary AWS resources and security groups. It concludes by proposing a full pipeline from Jenkins to Packer to Ansible to Terraform to

1. OMKAROMKAR
KHATAVKARKHATAVKAR
Senior Quality Engineer
Red Hat Pune India
MANAGE DISTRIBUTED TESTING WITH SELENIUM GRIDMANAGE DISTRIBUTED TESTING WITH SELENIUM GRID
AND TERRAFORM AND TERRAFORM
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2. It was Internet Explorer!
Need for Distribution Testing?
Validate the application works in Multiple Cross Browser/OS
Give an early feedback to Developer
Reducing time, as tests are running distributed and Concurrently
More Test Coverage
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3. Why Selenium GRID ?
open Source !
Selenium Grid gives the flexibility to distribute
your test cases for execution
Cross platform testing (Multiple OS/Browser
Combination)
Helps to Running tests in parallel
Problem Statement : How to Distribute UI Tests ?
Selenium GRID
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4. How Selenium Grid Works ?
java -jar selenium-server-standalone-3.14.0.jar -role hub
java -Dwebdriver.chrome.driver="chromedriver.exe" -Dwebdriver.ie.driver="IEDriverServer.exe"
-Dwebdriver.gecko.driver="geckodriver.exe" -jar selenium-server-standalone-3.14.0.jar -role node
browser binaries
browser binaries
browser binaries
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5. What are the Problems with Selenium Server
Running on Local Physical hardware
Update in browser versions, binaries are Painful
Scaling Selenium Nodes will be issues with more tests
SaaS alternatives (Browser Stack, Sauce Labs)
Pricing is steep (2 concurrent sessions is priced at $199 monthly)
Good for less number of tests/multiple browser versions
Running on Container/Docker
Containers are Linux. (Cannot run on IE)
Running on Cloud (AWS) with Terraform
All infra can be managed by terraform (Create to Destroy)
We can scale up nodes any time.
Cost can be less than SaaS alternatives 5

6. What is Terraform?
Infrastructure as code
Open Source, written in Golang by Hashicorp
build, change, version infrastructure through a
common config file
One command to create, update infrastructure.
A single tool to manage Multiple Providers such as
(AWS, Azure, OpenStack )
configuration files are in the .tf format
Config
PlanApply
Infrastructure
Life Cycle
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7. Terraform Config Files
Selenium_hub_node.tf
// setting aws credentials and region
provider "aws" {
access_key = "${var.aws_access_key}"
secret_key = "${var.aws_secret_key}"
region = "${var.aws_region}"
}
// Creating AWS EC2 Instance
resource "aws_instance" "selenium_node_instance" {
instance_type = "${var.aws_instance_type}"
vpc_security_group_ids = [ "${aws_security_group.selenium_hub_s
associate_public_ip_address = true
tags {
Name = "selenium_node_instance"
}
key_name = "admin_key"
ami = "${var.aws_ami}"
# This is currently vpc from the account
subnet_id = "subnet-b81c8cf3"
depends_on = ["aws_instance.selenium_hub_instance"]
provisioner "file" {
source = "files/selenium_node.sh"
destination = "/tmp/selenium_node.sh"
}
resource "aws_security_group" "selenium_hub_sg" {
name = "selenium-grid-hub-sg"
description = "This is selenium grid hub"
terraform.tfvars
aws_ssh_admin_key_file = "keys/aws_terraform.pub"
aws_ssh_private_key = "keys/aws_terraform"
aws_region = "us-east-1"
aws_ami="ami-9887c6e7" #centos Image for Hub
aws_instance_type="t2.micro"
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8. Basic CLI usage
+ aws_security_group.selenium_hub_sg
id: <computed>
arn: <computed>
description: "This is selenium grid
egress.#: "1"
egress.482069346.cidr_blocks.#: "1"
egress.482069346.cidr_blocks.0: "0.0.0.0/0"
egress.482069346.description: ""
egress.482069346.from_port: "0"
egress.482069346.ipv6_cidr_blocks.#: "0"
egress.482069346.prefix_list_ids.#: "0"
egress.482069346.protocol: "-1"
egress.482069346.security_groups.#: "0"
egress.482069346.self: "false"
egress.482069346.to_port: "0"
ingress.#: <computed>
name: "selenium-grid-hub-sg"
owner_id: <computed>
revoke_rules_on_delete: "false"
vpc_id: "vpc-1c3dae64"
Plan: 6 to add, 0 to change, 0 to destroy.
terraform plan
aws_instance.winrm: Still creating... (10s elapsed)
aws_instance.winrm: Still creating... (20s elapsed)
aws_instance.winrm: Still creating... (30s elapsed)
aws_instance.winrm: Still creating... (40s elapsed)
aws_instance.winrm: Still creating... (50s elapsed)
aws_instance.winrm: Still creating... (1m0s elapsed)
aws_instance.winrm: Still creating... (1m10s elapsed)
aws_instance.winrm: Still creating... (1m20s elapsed)
aws_instance.winrm: Creation complete after 1m23s (ID: i-0b
Apply complete! Resources: 1 added, 0 changed, 0 destroyed.
terraform apply
terraform destory
aws_instance.winrm: Destroying... (ID: i-0ba353fa054
aws_instance.winrm: Still destroying... (ID: i-0ba35
aws_instance.winrm: Still destroying... (ID: i-0ba35
aws_instance.winrm: Still destroying... (ID: i-0ba35
aws_instance.winrm: Still destroying... (ID: i-0ba35
aws_instance.winrm: Still destroying... (ID: i-0ba35
aws_instance.winrm: Still destroying... (ID: i-0ba35
aws_instance.winrm: Still destroying... (ID: i-0ba35
aws_instance.winrm: Still destroying... (ID: i-0ba35
aws_instance.winrm: Destruction complete after 1m28s
Destroy complete! Resources: 1 destroyed.
terraform destroy
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9. Problem Statement: How to manage
Selenium Grid using Terraform?
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10. selenium hub and nodes
jenkins->packer->ansible->terrafrom->aws->selenium
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11. DEMODEMO
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12. YouTube: Link 12

13. References
1. https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/wiki/Grid2
2. https://www.seleniumhq.org/docs/07_selenium_grid.jsp
3. https://www.terraform.io/
4. https://github.com/omkarkhatavkar/terraform-selenium-
aws
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14. THANK YOUTHANK YOU
Questions ?
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