In XWS sources light is produced by plasma
which emits light due to the continuous
energy input from a laser (optical discharge).
These light sources have been
developed as a replacement of traditional
gas discharge lamps (Deuterium-,
Tungsten-, Xenon- lamps etc.) and LEDs.
Compared to these, XWS sources have a
wider spectral range and higher spectral
brightness. Moreover, the technology of
plasma light sources allows developing
units with specific characteristics which
match special customer applications.
Ofil manufactures daytime corona cameras with DayCor® technology inside. Ofil's cameras are non-destructive and non-intrusive bi-spectral UV-Visible with high sensitivity to UV spectral range. Ofil's cameras detect corona and pinpoint the emitting sources. Used worldwide by thousands of predictive maintenance teams.dOfil manufactures daytime corona cameras with bispectral UV-Visible sensors that detect corona and its emmiting sources.
MProbe 20 is a desktop thin-film measurement system. It makes thickness and n&k measurement quick (<1s) and easy. Thickness range from 1nm to 1mm. Wide range of model.
FSO networks under turbulence - Northumbria University 2013 Research ConferenceJoaquin Perez
FSO networks: understanding route diversity under turbulence phenomena towards reliable FSO mesh networks design.
In last mile extensions of MANs, wireless mesh networks are multi-hop networks being used as backbone networks connecting end-users with the access points connected to the Internet. Wireless mesh networks are an attractive option over optical fibres because of their ease of installation and cost effectiveness of deployment[1]. Moreover, Free Space Optics (FSO) technology is an attractive option for use in mesh networks [2, 3]. However, time-variant influence of the atmosphere in FSO links that introduces one of the main drawbacks [4]. In order to overcome the turbulence induced fading in FSO systems, several techniques have been proposed These include: spatial transmitter/receiver diversity [5] [6]; adaptive beam forming [7]; wavelength diversity [8], multiple-beam communication [9], novel modulation techniques and hybrid RF/optical link scheme. Moreover, topology design and routing are essential tools for FSO mesh networks performance. The turbulence phenomena also influences in the topology and routing design of complex FSO networks, then route diversity techniques will improve the mesh network reliability [14]. For example, route diversity application within mesh optical networks deployed Tokyo provided interesting experiment results in [15]. This presentation will offer an overview of turbulence phenomena on FSO mesh networks from route diversity point of view.
References
[1] I. F. Akyildiz, X. Wang, and W. Wang, "Wireless mesh networks: a survey," Computer Networks, vol. 47, pp. 445-487, 2005.
[2] Z. Hu, P. Verma, and J. J. Sluss, "Improved reliability of free-space optical mesh networks through topology design," J. Opt. Netw., vol. 7, pp. 436-448, 2008.
[3] A. Kashyap, K. Lee, M. Kalantari, S. Khuller, and M. Shayman, "Integrated topology control and routing in wireless optical mesh networks," Computer Networks, vol. 51, pp. 4237-4251, 2007.
[4] Z. Ghassemlooy, W. Popoola, and S. Rajbhandari, Optical Wireless Communications : System and Channel Modelling with MATLAB: CRC Press 2012.
[5] S. M. Navidpour, M. Uysal, and M. Kavehrad, "BER performance of free-space optical transmission with spatial diversity," IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun., vol. 6, pp. 2813-2819, Aug 2007.
[6] H. Moradi, H. H. Refai, and P. G. LoPresti, "Switch-and-stay and switch-and-examine dual diversity for high-speed free-space optics links," IET Optoelectron, vol. 6, pp. 34-42, 2012.
[7] R. K. Tyson, "Bit-error rate for free-space adaptive optics laser communications," J. Opt. Soc. Am. A:, vol. 19, pp. 753-758, Apr 2002.
[8] V. Weerackody and A. R. Hammons, "Wavelength Correlation in Free Space Optical Communication Systems," in Proceedings of IEEE Military Communications Conference 2006, 2006, pp. pp. 1-6.
Ofil manufactures daytime corona cameras with DayCor® technology inside. Ofil's cameras are non-destructive and non-intrusive bi-spectral UV-Visible with high sensitivity to UV spectral range. Ofil's cameras detect corona and pinpoint the emitting sources. Used worldwide by thousands of predictive maintenance teams.dOfil manufactures daytime corona cameras with bispectral UV-Visible sensors that detect corona and its emmiting sources.
MProbe 20 is a desktop thin-film measurement system. It makes thickness and n&k measurement quick (<1s) and easy. Thickness range from 1nm to 1mm. Wide range of model.
FSO networks under turbulence - Northumbria University 2013 Research ConferenceJoaquin Perez
FSO networks: understanding route diversity under turbulence phenomena towards reliable FSO mesh networks design.
In last mile extensions of MANs, wireless mesh networks are multi-hop networks being used as backbone networks connecting end-users with the access points connected to the Internet. Wireless mesh networks are an attractive option over optical fibres because of their ease of installation and cost effectiveness of deployment[1]. Moreover, Free Space Optics (FSO) technology is an attractive option for use in mesh networks [2, 3]. However, time-variant influence of the atmosphere in FSO links that introduces one of the main drawbacks [4]. In order to overcome the turbulence induced fading in FSO systems, several techniques have been proposed These include: spatial transmitter/receiver diversity [5] [6]; adaptive beam forming [7]; wavelength diversity [8], multiple-beam communication [9], novel modulation techniques and hybrid RF/optical link scheme. Moreover, topology design and routing are essential tools for FSO mesh networks performance. The turbulence phenomena also influences in the topology and routing design of complex FSO networks, then route diversity techniques will improve the mesh network reliability [14]. For example, route diversity application within mesh optical networks deployed Tokyo provided interesting experiment results in [15]. This presentation will offer an overview of turbulence phenomena on FSO mesh networks from route diversity point of view.
References
[1] I. F. Akyildiz, X. Wang, and W. Wang, "Wireless mesh networks: a survey," Computer Networks, vol. 47, pp. 445-487, 2005.
[2] Z. Hu, P. Verma, and J. J. Sluss, "Improved reliability of free-space optical mesh networks through topology design," J. Opt. Netw., vol. 7, pp. 436-448, 2008.
[3] A. Kashyap, K. Lee, M. Kalantari, S. Khuller, and M. Shayman, "Integrated topology control and routing in wireless optical mesh networks," Computer Networks, vol. 51, pp. 4237-4251, 2007.
[4] Z. Ghassemlooy, W. Popoola, and S. Rajbhandari, Optical Wireless Communications : System and Channel Modelling with MATLAB: CRC Press 2012.
[5] S. M. Navidpour, M. Uysal, and M. Kavehrad, "BER performance of free-space optical transmission with spatial diversity," IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun., vol. 6, pp. 2813-2819, Aug 2007.
[6] H. Moradi, H. H. Refai, and P. G. LoPresti, "Switch-and-stay and switch-and-examine dual diversity for high-speed free-space optics links," IET Optoelectron, vol. 6, pp. 34-42, 2012.
[7] R. K. Tyson, "Bit-error rate for free-space adaptive optics laser communications," J. Opt. Soc. Am. A:, vol. 19, pp. 753-758, Apr 2002.
[8] V. Weerackody and A. R. Hammons, "Wavelength Correlation in Free Space Optical Communication Systems," in Proceedings of IEEE Military Communications Conference 2006, 2006, pp. pp. 1-6.
Laser Safety Training is mandatory for all Wayne State University faculty, staff, and students who are users of Class 3B and Class 4 lasers. This training is also strongly recommended for users of: Class 1M, Class 2, Class 2M, Class 3R, and Class 1 systems with embedded Class 3B and Class 4 lasers.
In this work we report a new method for controlling the bandwidth of
few-cycle optical pulses, using another femtosecond laser pulses chirped in a neonfilled
hollow-core fibre. The observed bandwidth varies from 25 to 234 nm in the
optical wavelength region 600–950 nm. The pulse energy has for the first time
reached a sub-millijoule frontier at 1 kHz. The input pulses are positively chirped
using a chirped-pulse amplifier to acquire the widths 32–56 fs at the entrance of the
hollow fibre. Then the pulses are highly dispersed due to a self-phase modulation in
a nonlinear medium (a neon gas) followed by a pair of chirped mirrors that
compensate the dispersion. We have found that this scheme allows for direct tuning
of the output-pulse bandwidth while varying the chirping of the input pulses under
different neon-gas pressures. Our results can give an opportunity for controlling the
interactions in strong electric fields on the ultrafast time scales and are crucial for
regenerating attosecond X-ray pulses.
UV SPECTROSCOPY AND INSTRUMENTATION .INSTRUMENTAL METHODS OF ANALYSIS, B.PHARM 7TH SEM. AND FOR BSC,MSC CHEMISTRY.
This is Geeta prasad kashyap (Asst. Professor), SVITS, Bilaspur (C.G) 495001
The Valon 5G photocoagulator is compact in size, easy to move and designed to fit the needs and budget of all kinds of clinics, while maintaining all Valon’s unique technical features. 5G includes all the features of previous models and can be fitted to a wide range of slit lamps, both existing and new. Additionally, the design allows the add on of laser indirect ophthalmoscopes and endoprobes.
Laser Safety Training is mandatory for all Wayne State University faculty, staff, and students who are users of Class 3B and Class 4 lasers. This training is also strongly recommended for users of: Class 1M, Class 2, Class 2M, Class 3R, and Class 1 systems with embedded Class 3B and Class 4 lasers.
In this work we report a new method for controlling the bandwidth of
few-cycle optical pulses, using another femtosecond laser pulses chirped in a neonfilled
hollow-core fibre. The observed bandwidth varies from 25 to 234 nm in the
optical wavelength region 600–950 nm. The pulse energy has for the first time
reached a sub-millijoule frontier at 1 kHz. The input pulses are positively chirped
using a chirped-pulse amplifier to acquire the widths 32–56 fs at the entrance of the
hollow fibre. Then the pulses are highly dispersed due to a self-phase modulation in
a nonlinear medium (a neon gas) followed by a pair of chirped mirrors that
compensate the dispersion. We have found that this scheme allows for direct tuning
of the output-pulse bandwidth while varying the chirping of the input pulses under
different neon-gas pressures. Our results can give an opportunity for controlling the
interactions in strong electric fields on the ultrafast time scales and are crucial for
regenerating attosecond X-ray pulses.
UV SPECTROSCOPY AND INSTRUMENTATION .INSTRUMENTAL METHODS OF ANALYSIS, B.PHARM 7TH SEM. AND FOR BSC,MSC CHEMISTRY.
This is Geeta prasad kashyap (Asst. Professor), SVITS, Bilaspur (C.G) 495001
The Valon 5G photocoagulator is compact in size, easy to move and designed to fit the needs and budget of all kinds of clinics, while maintaining all Valon’s unique technical features. 5G includes all the features of previous models and can be fitted to a wide range of slit lamps, both existing and new. Additionally, the design allows the add on of laser indirect ophthalmoscopes and endoprobes.
The system mainly consists of a UV-VIS-IR spectroradiometer, a retina radiance meter for the measurement of spectral radiance, a light receiver for the measurement of sepctral radiance, a light receiver for the measurement of spectral irradiance, a motorized two-axis rotation goniometer for the measurement at 200mm and 500lx condition of general lighting sources, calibrated sources of spectral irradiance with the wavelength from 200nm to 3000nm and that of spectral radiance with the wavelength from 300nm to 1400nm.
Lasers and its role in endodontics/certified fixed orthodontic courses by Ind...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Additive manufacturing is currently at a rapid growth stage. New processes and technologies are being created, the old ones are being optimized.
There are already many companies in the market that produce various 3D printers, develop software and print parts.
Some perceive additive technologies as technologies to create new types of machine-tools, others as independent technologies.
But the commercial success of additive technologies has already caused discussion of different approaches. We're talking about the type of architecture. It's a closed and open architecture of devices for additive technologies.
Does it make sense to use open architecture in this sphere of technology?
Компания «Тонкие системные технологии» проводит техническое и технологическое консультирование.
Если нужно создать устройство, технологию, установку – мы можем в этом помочь.
Если нет собственного отдела разработок – мы можем разработать для вас продукт или технологию.
Компания «Тонкие системные технологии» создана для работы с нестандартными проектами. В ситуации, когда нет типовых решений, при разработке технологии или устройства необходим специальный подход к работе с поставленными задачами.
Это работа над новыми продуктами и технологиями, новые рынки и бизнес-модели, проекты на стыке нескольких областей, переход от идеи к разработке и от разработки к производству.
Компания «Тонкие системные технологии» сформирована для работы с новыми нестандартными проектами. Это необходимо при разработке новых технологий и продуктов.
XWS — плазменный широкополосный источник излучения с лазерной накачкойVladislav Troshin
XWS — плазменный широкополосный источник излучения с лазерной накачкой.
В источниках XWS излучение даёт плазма, светящаяся под действием непрерывного лазерного излучения (оптический разряд). Эти источники разработаны для замены традиционных газоразрядных ламп (ксеноновых, дейтериевых, ртутных) и светодиодов. По сравнению с ними XWS имеет более высокую яркость и расширенный спектральный диапазон. Кроме того, технология плазменных источников излучения позволяет разрабатывать устройства со специфическими характеристиками для решения особых задач пользователей.
Introduction:
RNA interference (RNAi) or Post-Transcriptional Gene Silencing (PTGS) is an important biological process for modulating eukaryotic gene expression.
It is highly conserved process of posttranscriptional gene silencing by which double stranded RNA (dsRNA) causes sequence-specific degradation of mRNA sequences.
dsRNA-induced gene silencing (RNAi) is reported in a wide range of eukaryotes ranging from worms, insects, mammals and plants.
This process mediates resistance to both endogenous parasitic and exogenous pathogenic nucleic acids, and regulates the expression of protein-coding genes.
What are small ncRNAs?
micro RNA (miRNA)
short interfering RNA (siRNA)
Properties of small non-coding RNA:
Involved in silencing mRNA transcripts.
Called “small” because they are usually only about 21-24 nucleotides long.
Synthesized by first cutting up longer precursor sequences (like the 61nt one that Lee discovered).
Silence an mRNA by base pairing with some sequence on the mRNA.
Discovery of siRNA?
The first small RNA:
In 1993 Rosalind Lee (Victor Ambros lab) was studying a non- coding gene in C. elegans, lin-4, that was involved in silencing of another gene, lin-14, at the appropriate time in the
development of the worm C. elegans.
Two small transcripts of lin-4 (22nt and 61nt) were found to be complementary to a sequence in the 3' UTR of lin-14.
Because lin-4 encoded no protein, she deduced that it must be these transcripts that are causing the silencing by RNA-RNA interactions.
Types of RNAi ( non coding RNA)
MiRNA
Length (23-25 nt)
Trans acting
Binds with target MRNA in mismatch
Translation inhibition
Si RNA
Length 21 nt.
Cis acting
Bind with target Mrna in perfect complementary sequence
Piwi-RNA
Length ; 25 to 36 nt.
Expressed in Germ Cells
Regulates trnasposomes activity
MECHANISM OF RNAI:
First the double-stranded RNA teams up with a protein complex named Dicer, which cuts the long RNA into short pieces.
Then another protein complex called RISC (RNA-induced silencing complex) discards one of the two RNA strands.
The RISC-docked, single-stranded RNA then pairs with the homologous mRNA and destroys it.
THE RISC COMPLEX:
RISC is large(>500kD) RNA multi- protein Binding complex which triggers MRNA degradation in response to MRNA
Unwinding of double stranded Si RNA by ATP independent Helicase
Active component of RISC is Ago proteins( ENDONUCLEASE) which cleave target MRNA.
DICER: endonuclease (RNase Family III)
Argonaute: Central Component of the RNA-Induced Silencing Complex (RISC)
One strand of the dsRNA produced by Dicer is retained in the RISC complex in association with Argonaute
ARGONAUTE PROTEIN :
1.PAZ(PIWI/Argonaute/ Zwille)- Recognition of target MRNA
2.PIWI (p-element induced wimpy Testis)- breaks Phosphodiester bond of mRNA.)RNAse H activity.
MiRNA:
The Double-stranded RNAs are naturally produced in eukaryotic cells during development, and they have a key role in regulating gene expression .
Cancer cell metabolism: special Reference to Lactate PathwayAADYARAJPANDEY1
Normal Cell Metabolism:
Cellular respiration describes the series of steps that cells use to break down sugar and other chemicals to get the energy we need to function.
Energy is stored in the bonds of glucose and when glucose is broken down, much of that energy is released.
Cell utilize energy in the form of ATP.
The first step of respiration is called glycolysis. In a series of steps, glycolysis breaks glucose into two smaller molecules - a chemical called pyruvate. A small amount of ATP is formed during this process.
Most healthy cells continue the breakdown in a second process, called the Kreb's cycle. The Kreb's cycle allows cells to “burn” the pyruvates made in glycolysis to get more ATP.
The last step in the breakdown of glucose is called oxidative phosphorylation (Ox-Phos).
It takes place in specialized cell structures called mitochondria. This process produces a large amount of ATP. Importantly, cells need oxygen to complete oxidative phosphorylation.
If a cell completes only glycolysis, only 2 molecules of ATP are made per glucose. However, if the cell completes the entire respiration process (glycolysis - Kreb's - oxidative phosphorylation), about 36 molecules of ATP are created, giving it much more energy to use.
IN CANCER CELL:
Unlike healthy cells that "burn" the entire molecule of sugar to capture a large amount of energy as ATP, cancer cells are wasteful.
Cancer cells only partially break down sugar molecules. They overuse the first step of respiration, glycolysis. They frequently do not complete the second step, oxidative phosphorylation.
This results in only 2 molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule instead of the 36 or so ATPs healthy cells gain. As a result, cancer cells need to use a lot more sugar molecules to get enough energy to survive.
Unlike healthy cells that "burn" the entire molecule of sugar to capture a large amount of energy as ATP, cancer cells are wasteful.
Cancer cells only partially break down sugar molecules. They overuse the first step of respiration, glycolysis. They frequently do not complete the second step, oxidative phosphorylation.
This results in only 2 molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule instead of the 36 or so ATPs healthy cells gain. As a result, cancer cells need to use a lot more sugar molecules to get enough energy to survive.
introduction to WARBERG PHENOMENA:
WARBURG EFFECT Usually, cancer cells are highly glycolytic (glucose addiction) and take up more glucose than do normal cells from outside.
Otto Heinrich Warburg (; 8 October 1883 – 1 August 1970) In 1931 was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology for his "discovery of the nature and mode of action of the respiratory enzyme.
WARNBURG EFFECT : cancer cells under aerobic (well-oxygenated) conditions to metabolize glucose to lactate (aerobic glycolysis) is known as the Warburg effect. Warburg made the observation that tumor slices consume glucose and secrete lactate at a higher rate than normal tissues.
This pdf is about the Schizophrenia.
For more details visit on YouTube; @SELF-EXPLANATORY;
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCAiarMZDNhe1A3Rnpr_WkzA/videos
Thanks...!
Richard's aventures in two entangled wonderlandsRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
A brief information about the SCOP protein database used in bioinformatics.
The Structural Classification of Proteins (SCOP) database is a comprehensive and authoritative resource for the structural and evolutionary relationships of proteins. It provides a detailed and curated classification of protein structures, grouping them into families, superfamilies, and folds based on their structural and sequence similarities.
Slide 1: Title Slide
Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Slide 2: Introduction to Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Definition: Extrachromosomal inheritance refers to the transmission of genetic material that is not found within the nucleus.
Key Components: Involves genes located in mitochondria, chloroplasts, and plasmids.
Slide 3: Mitochondrial Inheritance
Mitochondria: Organelles responsible for energy production.
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in mitochondria.
Inheritance Pattern: Maternally inherited, meaning it is passed from mothers to all their offspring.
Diseases: Examples include Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) and mitochondrial myopathy.
Slide 4: Chloroplast Inheritance
Chloroplasts: Organelles responsible for photosynthesis in plants.
Chloroplast DNA (cpDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in chloroplasts.
Inheritance Pattern: Often maternally inherited in most plants, but can vary in some species.
Examples: Variegation in plants, where leaf color patterns are determined by chloroplast DNA.
Slide 5: Plasmid Inheritance
Plasmids: Small, circular DNA molecules found in bacteria and some eukaryotes.
Features: Can carry antibiotic resistance genes and can be transferred between cells through processes like conjugation.
Significance: Important in biotechnology for gene cloning and genetic engineering.
Slide 6: Mechanisms of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Non-Mendelian Patterns: Do not follow Mendel’s laws of inheritance.
Cytoplasmic Segregation: During cell division, organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts are randomly distributed to daughter cells.
Heteroplasmy: Presence of more than one type of organellar genome within a cell, leading to variation in expression.
Slide 7: Examples of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Four O’clock Plant (Mirabilis jalapa): Shows variegated leaves due to different cpDNA in leaf cells.
Petite Mutants in Yeast: Result from mutations in mitochondrial DNA affecting respiration.
Slide 8: Importance of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Evolution: Provides insight into the evolution of eukaryotic cells.
Medicine: Understanding mitochondrial inheritance helps in diagnosing and treating mitochondrial diseases.
Agriculture: Chloroplast inheritance can be used in plant breeding and genetic modification.
Slide 9: Recent Research and Advances
Gene Editing: Techniques like CRISPR-Cas9 are being used to edit mitochondrial and chloroplast DNA.
Therapies: Development of mitochondrial replacement therapy (MRT) for preventing mitochondrial diseases.
Slide 10: Conclusion
Summary: Extrachromosomal inheritance involves the transmission of genetic material outside the nucleus and plays a crucial role in genetics, medicine, and biotechnology.
Future Directions: Continued research and technological advancements hold promise for new treatments and applications.
Slide 11: Questions and Discussion
Invite Audience: Open the floor for any questions or further discussion on the topic.
This presentation explores a brief idea about the structural and functional attributes of nucleotides, the structure and function of genetic materials along with the impact of UV rays and pH upon them.
Richard's entangled aventures in wonderlandRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
Observation of Io’s Resurfacing via Plume Deposition Using Ground-based Adapt...Sérgio Sacani
Since volcanic activity was first discovered on Io from Voyager images in 1979, changes
on Io’s surface have been monitored from both spacecraft and ground-based telescopes.
Here, we present the highest spatial resolution images of Io ever obtained from a groundbased telescope. These images, acquired by the SHARK-VIS instrument on the Large
Binocular Telescope, show evidence of a major resurfacing event on Io’s trailing hemisphere. When compared to the most recent spacecraft images, the SHARK-VIS images
show that a plume deposit from a powerful eruption at Pillan Patera has covered part
of the long-lived Pele plume deposit. Although this type of resurfacing event may be common on Io, few have been detected due to the rarity of spacecraft visits and the previously low spatial resolution available from Earth-based telescopes. The SHARK-VIS instrument ushers in a new era of high resolution imaging of Io’s surface using adaptive
optics at visible wavelengths.
Observation of Io’s Resurfacing via Plume Deposition Using Ground-based Adapt...
XWS - laser pumped plasma broadband light source.
1. 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
λ, nm
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Brightness,
mW/(mm2
×sr×nm)
70
80
90
100
1100
750 1000 1250 1500 1750 2000 2250 2500 2750 3000
λ, nm
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
Brightness,
mW/(mm2
×sr×nm)
7
3250
Spectral brightness distribution of XWS light
source in UV and VIS spectral regions
XWS light source spectrum in near-IR spectral region
UV configuration
Ozon-Free configuration
XWSbroadband laser plasma light source
XWS - laser pumped plasma broadband light
source.
In XWS sources light is produced by plasma
which emits light due to the continuous
energy input from a laser (optical dis-
charge). These light sources have been
developed as a replacement of tradi-
tional gas discharge lamps (Deuterium-,
Tungsten-, Xenon- lamps etc.) and LEDs.
Compared to these, XWS sources have a
wider spectral range and higher spectral
brightness. Moreover, the technology of
plasma light sources allows developing
units with specific characteristics which
match special customer applications.
Main advantages:
▪ broad spectral range; XWS-65 light
source is available in 2 configura-
tions. The Ozone-free configuration
offers a spectral range from 240nm to
2700nm. The UV configuration offers a
spectral range from 180nm to 2700nm.
A broad spectral range allows sub-
stituting several conventional light
sources
▪ high spectral brightness;
▪ high temporal and spatial stability;
▪ the small dimensions of the emitting
volume considerably expand the range
of XWS applications;
▪ long operation, due to no wear of
lamps and electrodes.
Principle of operation:
Operation of XWS sources is based on
a phenomenon of optical discharge in
high pressure xenon. Initial plasma is
produced by a high voltage electrical
discharge in xenon. Plasma state of xenon
is sustained by a focused continuous
laser radiation.
Compared to arc lamps, laser plasma has
higher spatial and temporal stability,
higher brightness, smaller dimensions of
emitting volume and considerably longer
operation without lamp replacement.
ISTEQ
www.isteq.nl
info@isteq.nl
2. 65
130
76
85
Ø 24
40
74
100
50
75
120
20
34
25
100
109
47,50
172,5
140
226,5
232,50
250
351
366
42,20
102,20
Application fields:
▪ absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy;
▪ microscopy, including confocal and fluorescence;
▪ diagnostics systems in microelectronics (contami-
nation and defect control);
▪ detectors in chromatography, microfluidics, lab-
on-a-chip, droplet spectrometers, cytofluorimeters
etc;
▪ biomedical applications (photodynamic therapy,
etc.);
▪ additive technologies (photopolymerisation etc.);
▪ diagnostics systems in microelectronics (contami-
nation and defect control);
▪ artificial sunlight systems (test systems, illumi-
nation, etc.)
Specification (XWS-65 & XWS-20):
Spectral range:
▪ from 180 to 2500 nm (UV configuration);
▪ from 240 to 2500 nm (Ozone-free config-
uration);
Spectral brightness (450-500 nm):
▪ XWS-65: 34 mW/(mm2
×sr×nm);
▪ XWS-20: 15 mW/(mm2
×sr×nm);
Laser power input:
▪ XWS-65: 65 W;
▪ XWS-20: 20 W;
Full output power of source:
▪ XWS-65: 40 W;
▪ XWS-20: 12 W;
Emitting body source dimensions:
▪ XWS-65: 250×400 μm;
▪ XWS-20: 140×200 μm;
▪ lifetime: up to 10000 hours
▪ temporal and spatial stability: RMS
0.25%;
▪ lamp medium: Xenon;
▪ light source head: 130×110×74 mm;
▪ driver unit: 351×172×232 mm;
▪ output aperture (by default): 24 mm;
▪ C-mount for attaching optics;
▪ power input via fiber;
▪ optional – fiber coupling;
▪ light source head to driver coupling:
1.5 m.
XWS-65 configuration with a fiber coupling unit.
R&D:
Technology of ultrabright broadband light sources can be used in various applications. The technology
allows adapting XWS light sources to customer requirements and integrating it into systems and
technological processes. Custom design is available upon request.
CLASS 1
LASER PRODUCT