Xen Roadmap 11 09

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The document summarizes upcoming releases and development plans for the Xen Hypervisor. Key points include: - The next stable releases will be 3.4.3 and 4.0.0 in early 2020, maintaining two concurrent stable branches. - Network performance is being improved with netchannel2 to reduce overhead and support newer NICs. - Tools like Remus enable high availability by maintaining an up-to-date replica VM on a backup server. - Shared development libraries like libxenlight aim to consolidate toolstack code for increased efficiency.

Sports Technology

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Xen Hypervisor Update

Keir Fraser, Citrix Systems Inc.

11/26/2009 1

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Release plans

• Current stable release: 3.4.2
– Released just last week
• Next releases: 3.4.3 and 4.0.0
– Both anticipated early in the New Year
• Ongoing strategy:
– Maintain two stable branches until the later
one has matured enough for switchover
– Quarterly releases from stable branches
– Six to nine months between major releases

11/26/2009 2

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Linux kernel: pv_ops

• Efficient support has been upstream for a couple
of years now
– Running well as ‘domU’ VM
• Jeremy Fitzhardinge manages the tree for
further development
– Path for further upstreaming to kernel.org
– Default kernel for Xen 4.0
• Still to do:
– Port your favourite backend driver
– Test!

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Virtual block devices: blktap2

• Support VHD storage format
• Snapshot virtual disks
– Checkpointing, gold images, …
• Simplified kernel support
– Leverage blkback
• Simpler invocation model
– Command-line driven rather than xenstore
– More generic, easier test and debug

4

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High availability: Remus

• Maintain an up-to-date replica of a VM on
a backup server
– Regular (50ms) checkpoints
– Buffer I/O over this interval (IMQ, blktap2)
• Fail over to backup if primary fails
– Simple heartbeat protocol
– But scope for using more featureful external
monitors such as Linux-HA
• Simple and transparent
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Network performance: netchannel2

• Network virtualisation is particularly hard
– High packet rates; latency sensitive
• Old netfront/back drivers have limitations
– High cost for packet receive
– Not designed for next-generation NICs
• Ongoing work on netchannel2 to address this
• Lazy copy in the guest (reduces dom0 load)
– Provide guest a copy-only, sub-page, revocable grant
• Support multi-queue NICs
– DMA directly to guest buffers
• Smart NICs, SR-IOV
• Reusable extensible ring architecture
11/26/2009 6

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Page sharing

• Potential for reducing memory pressure by
sharing identical pages across VMs
– Significant savings in ‘ideal’ cases
– Rather smaller gains in typical heterogeneous
scenarios (10-20%)
• How to find identical pages?
– Identical disc blocks
• Allows memory overcommit
– Hence requires demand paging
– Or don’t give spare pages directly back to guests

11/26/2009 7

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Toolstack consolidation: libxenlight

• A range of toolstacks now in use
– Xend, xapi, xenvm
• Share common code at the lowest level
– Libxenctrl, libxenguest
• But still a good deal of shareable infrastructure is
implemented separately in each toolstack
• Libxenlight: higher-level operations which can be shared
among all toolstacks
– Implemented in C, licensed under LGPL
– Domain creation, destruction, migration, PCI passthru, …
• Plans to move all toolstacks over to this library (and
delete equivalent but non-shared code)

11/26/2009 8

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Managing development

• Use the developer mailing lists
– xen-devel@lists.xensource.com
– {xci-devel,xen-api}@lists.xensource.com
– Requests for comments
– Announcements of dev plans
– Patches posted for comment, review and
checkin
• Use the wiki
– http://wiki.xensource.com/xenwiki/XenRoadMap

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XPDDS19 Keynote: Xen Dom0-less - Stefano Stabellini, Principal Engineer, Xilinx

The Linux Foundation

This talk will introduce Dom0-less: a new way of using Xen to build mixed-criticality solutions. Dom0-less is a Xen feature that adds a novel approach to static partitioning based on virtualization. It allows multiple domains to start at boot time directly from the Xen hypervisor, decreasing boot times dramatically. Xen userspace tools, such as xl and libvirt, become optional. Dom0-less extends the existing device tree based Xen boot protocol to cover information required by additional domains. Binaries, such as kernels and ramdisks, are loaded by the bootloader (u-boot) and advertised to Xen via new device tree bindings. The audience will learn how to use Dom0-less to partition the system. Uboot and device tree configuration details will be explained to enable the audience to get the most out of this feature. The talk will include a status update and details on future plans.

XPDDS19 Keynote: Patch Review for Non-maintainers - George Dunlap, Citrix Sys...

The Linux Foundation

As the number of contributions grow, reviewer bandwidth becomes a bottleneck; and maintainers are always asking for more help. However, ultimately maintainers must at least Ack every patch that goes in; so if you're not a maintainer, how can you contribute? Why should anyone care about your opinion? This talk will try to lay out some advice and guidelines for non-maintainers, for how they can do code review in a way which will effectively reduce the load on maintainers when they do come to review a patch.

XPDDS19: Memories of a VM Funk - Mihai Donțu, Bitdefender

The Linux Foundation

This talk is a follow-up to our Summit 2017 presentation in which we covered our plans for Intel VMFUNC and #VE, as well as related use-cases. This year, we will provide a report on what we have accomplished in Xen 4.12, and what remains to be addressed. We will also give a brief status update of VMI on AMD hardware. The session will end with some real-world numbers of the Hypervisor Introspection solution running on Citrix Hypervisor 8.0 with #VE enabled.

OSSJP/ALS19: The Road to Safety Certification: Overcoming Community Challeng...

The Linux Foundation

Safety certification is one of the essential requirements for software to be used in highly regulated industries. Besides technical and compliance issues (such as ISO 26262 vs IEC 611508) transitioning an existing project to become more easily safety certifiable requires significant changes to development practices within an open source project. In this session, we will lay out some challenges of making safety certification achievable in open source and the Xen Project. We will outline the process the Xen Project has followed thus far and highlight lessons learned along the way. The talk will primarily focus on necessary process, tooling changes and community challenges that can prevent progress. We will be offering an in-depth review of how Xen Project is approaching this challenging goal and try to derive lessons for other projects and contributors.

OSSJP/ALS19: The Road to Safety Certification: How the Xen Project is Making...

The Linux Foundation

This document summarizes a discussion around enabling functional safety certification for the Xen open source hypervisor project. Key points discussed include: - Establishing a split development model with open and closed parts to balance community needs and safety requirements. - Developing reference implementations and stacks supported by multiple vendors to demonstrate safety certification feasibility. - Creating plans and processes around requirements, documentation, verification testing, and tooling integration to begin filling gaps for certification. - Addressing challenges around funding, resources, expertise, and maintaining contributions to ensure any initial work is sustainable long-term. - Taking an iterative, agile approach to make early progress while further securing necessary funding and support from interested parties.

XPDDS19: Speculative Sidechannels and Mitigations - Andrew Cooper, Citrix

The Linux Foundation

2018 saw fundamental shifts in security boundaries which were previously taken for granted. A lot of work has been done in the past 2 years, and largely in secret under embargo, but there is plenty more work to be done to strengthen the existing mitigations and to try to recover some performance without reopening security holes. This talk will look at speculative execution sidechannels, the work which has already been done to mitigate the security holes, and future work which hopes to bring some improvements.

XPDDS19: Keeping Coherency on Arm: Reborn - Julien Grall, Arm ltd

The Linux Foundation

The Arm architecture provides a set of guidelines that any software should abide by when accessing the memory with MMU off and update page-tables. Failing to do so may result in getting TLB conflicts or breaking coherency. In a previous talk ("Keeping coherency on Arm"), we focused on updating safely the stage-2 (aka P2M) page-tables. This talk will focus on the boot code and Xen memory management. During this session, we will introduce some of the guidelines and when they should be used. We will also discuss how Xen boot sequence needs to be reworked to avoid breaking the guidelines.

XPDDS19: QEMU PV Backend 'qdevification'... What Does it Mean? - Paul Durrant...

The Linux Foundation

For many years the QEMU codebase has contained PV backends for Xen guests, giving them paravirtual access to storage, network, keyboard, mouse, etc. however these backends have not been configurable as QEMU devices as their implementation did not fully adhere to the QEMU Object Model (QOM). Particularly the PV storage backend not using proper QOM devices, or qdevs, meant that the QEMU block layer needed to maintain legacy code that was cluttering up the source. This was causing push-back from the maintainers who did not want to accept any patches relating to that Xen backend until it was 'qdevified'. In this talk, I'll explain the modifications I made to QEMU to achieve 'qdevification' of the PV storage backend, how compatibility with the libxl toolstack was maintained, and what the next steps in both QEMU and libxl development should be.

XPDDS19: Status of PCI Emulation in Xen - Roger Pau Monné, Citrix Systems R&D

The Linux Foundation

PCI is a local computer bus for attaching hardware devices in a computer, and is the main peripheral bus on modern x86 systems. As such, having a proper way to emulate it is crucial for Xen to be able to expose both fully emulated devices or passthrough devices to guests. This talk will focus on the current status of PCI emulation in Xen, how and where it is used, what are its main limitations and future plans to improve it in order to be more robust and modular.

XPDDS19: [ARM] OP-TEE Mediator in Xen - Volodymyr Babchuk, EPAM Systems

The Linux Foundation

XPDDS19: Bringing Xen to the Masses: The Story of Building a Community-driven...

The Linux Foundation

Xen is a very powerful hypervisor with a talented and diverse developers community. Despite the fact it's almost everywhere (from the Cloud to the embedded world), it can be difficult to set up and manage as a system administrator. General purpose distros have Xen packages, but that's just a start in your Xen journey: you need some tooling and knowledge to have a working and scalable platform. XCP-ng was built to overcome those issues: by bringing Xen to the masses with a fully turnkey distro with Xen as its core. It's the logical sequel to the XCP project, with a community focus from the start. We'll see how it happened, what we did, and what's next. Finally, we'll see the impact of XCP-ng on the Xen Project.

XPDDS19: Will Robots Automate Your Job Away? Streamlining Xen Project Contrib...

The Linux Foundation

XPDDS19: Client Virtualization Toolstack in Go - Nick Rosbrook & Brendan Kerr...

The Linux Foundation

High level toolstacks for server and cloud virtualization are very mature with large communities using and supporting them. Client virtualization is a much more niche community with unique requirements when compared to those found in the server space. In this talk, we’ll introduce a client virtualization toolstack for Xen (redctl) that we are using in Redfield, a new open-source client virtualization distribution that builds upon the work done by the greater virtualization and Linux communities. We will present a case for maturing libxl’s Go bindings and discuss what advantages Go has to offer for high level toolstacks, including in the server space.

XPDDS19: Core Scheduling in Xen - Jürgen Groß, SUSE

The Linux Foundation

Today Xen is scheduling guest virtual cpus on all available physical cpus independently from each other. Recent security issues on modern processors (e.g. L1TF) require to turn off hyperthreading for best security in order to avoid leaking information from one hyperthread to the other. One way to avoid having to turn off hyperthreading is to only ever schedule virtual cpus of the same guest on one physical core at the same time. This is called core scheduling. This presentation shows results from the effort to implement core scheduling in the Xen hypervisor. The basic modifications in Xen are presented and performance numbers with core scheduling active are shown.

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