This document provides information about rainwater harvesting systems in Oregon. It discusses how rainwater is collected from rooftops and stored in tanks. The key points covered are:
1) Rainwater harvesting systems collect water from rooftops through gutters and pipes, and store it in tanks for use. Systems can be as simple as a rain barrel or more complex with large cisterns.
2) Oregon's Building Codes Division has approved rainwater harvesting as an alternate method to the state plumbing code.
3) Proper sizing of storage tanks is important based on roof size and catchment area, average rainfall levels, and intended water usage. Larger tanks allow storing water from wet months
Texas; Introduction to Rainwater Harvesting - Texas A&M UniversityV9X
Rainwater harvesting involves capturing and storing rainwater for landscape irrigation and other non-potable uses. It can reduce demand on municipal water supplies and make efficient use of rainfall, a valuable resource. Simple systems distribute rainwater directly from the catchment area to plants, while complex systems include storage containers to make water available when needed. Factors like rainfall amounts, landscape water requirements, and costs determine whether investing in a complex system is worthwhile for a given property. Rainwater harvesting provides multiple environmental and economic benefits when properly designed and implemented.
This document summarizes water conservation efforts in College Station, Texas that have led to reduced water usage. It describes five interventions: 1) a water conservation website providing weekly watering recommendations, 2) emails with the recommendations sent to subscribers, 3) providing water budgets to homeowners to compare usage to needs, 4) free irrigation system checkups, and 5) irrigation workshops. These efforts are estimated to have reduced water usage by 335 million gallons compared to 2010 baseline usage. The success is attributed to educating residents and helping them improve irrigation efficiency.
2017 Oregon Wine Symposium | Dr. Stuart Childs- Tracking and Reducing Winery ...Oregon Wine Board
Learn a variety of ways in which wineries can begin to track and assess winery water usage and the connection between water conservation, energy use and wastewater. An overview of the assessment tools and worksheets available on the Winerywise web site as well as the current status of waste water permits in Oregon will be shared. Examples of winery water conservation measures and how to monitor methods for water and wastewater will be described for application in both small and large facilities. This presentation will also demonstrate the advantages of ‘cloud’ storage of data for real time data analysis and show methods to quantify groundwater supply use with wellhead power monitoring as well as measurement of EC, pH, and other parameters in wastewater.
2017 Oregon Wine Symposium | Dr. Larry Williams- Coping Strategies for a Warm...Oregon Wine Board
Warming temperatures are a challenge and concern for many Oregon grape growers. Taking a proactive approach and staying current on irrigation and canopy management strategies will help vineyard managers assimilate to change. Taking a closer look at the warming climate and the long term consequences on phenology will help grape growers understand how to manipulate phenology and minimize water stress. Specific strategies on irrigation management will be shared, including how to assess soil moisture, determining soil water availability, vine water status and how canopy types affect vine water use.
WI: Milwaukee: Visit Our Public Rain GardensSotirakou964
This document provides information about rain gardens in southeastern Wisconsin, including lists of public rain gardens that have been built in 2008-2009 in Racine, Kenosha, Milwaukee, and Waukesha counties. It also gives basic instructions on how to build a rain garden, such as selecting a good site, calling before digging, excavating, building a berm, and planting. The website is still under construction and currently lacks functioning links.
This document provides guidance on designing and installing a low-volume drip irrigation system. It begins by introducing drip irrigation and its advantages over other methods. It then discusses evaluating your site conditions like soil type, slopes, and microclimates. The document provides a step-by-step process for 1) designing plantings, 2) designing the drip system, 3) installing it, 4) scheduling irrigation times, and 5) maintaining the system. It includes details on laying out distribution lines, valves, controllers, and troubleshooting potential issues. The overall document is a comprehensive manual for planning and implementing a water-efficient drip irrigation system.
This document discusses rainwater harvesting for agriculture. It defines rainwater harvesting as systems that collect, convey, and store rainwater, primarily from rooftops and surfaces, for direct use or artificial groundwater recharge. The benefits of rainwater harvesting include conserving water resources, providing improved water quality, and replenishing local groundwater aquifers. However, rainwater harvesting performance depends on climate and water quality can be affected if stormwater runoff is included. The document provides information on designing rainwater harvesting systems, including calculating harvesting potential based on collection area and rainfall, and conducting feasibility analyses.
This document provides tips for conserving both water and energy. It lists various ways to conserve in areas like the kitchen, bathroom, laundry, yard, air conditioning/heating, water heater, lighting, appliances, home weatherization, and more. Key recommendations include installing aerators and low-flow fixtures, lowering thermostats, using energy efficient appliances, insulating homes properly, and following other best practices to reduce usage.
Texas; Introduction to Rainwater Harvesting - Texas A&M UniversityV9X
Rainwater harvesting involves capturing and storing rainwater for landscape irrigation and other non-potable uses. It can reduce demand on municipal water supplies and make efficient use of rainfall, a valuable resource. Simple systems distribute rainwater directly from the catchment area to plants, while complex systems include storage containers to make water available when needed. Factors like rainfall amounts, landscape water requirements, and costs determine whether investing in a complex system is worthwhile for a given property. Rainwater harvesting provides multiple environmental and economic benefits when properly designed and implemented.
This document summarizes water conservation efforts in College Station, Texas that have led to reduced water usage. It describes five interventions: 1) a water conservation website providing weekly watering recommendations, 2) emails with the recommendations sent to subscribers, 3) providing water budgets to homeowners to compare usage to needs, 4) free irrigation system checkups, and 5) irrigation workshops. These efforts are estimated to have reduced water usage by 335 million gallons compared to 2010 baseline usage. The success is attributed to educating residents and helping them improve irrigation efficiency.
2017 Oregon Wine Symposium | Dr. Stuart Childs- Tracking and Reducing Winery ...Oregon Wine Board
Learn a variety of ways in which wineries can begin to track and assess winery water usage and the connection between water conservation, energy use and wastewater. An overview of the assessment tools and worksheets available on the Winerywise web site as well as the current status of waste water permits in Oregon will be shared. Examples of winery water conservation measures and how to monitor methods for water and wastewater will be described for application in both small and large facilities. This presentation will also demonstrate the advantages of ‘cloud’ storage of data for real time data analysis and show methods to quantify groundwater supply use with wellhead power monitoring as well as measurement of EC, pH, and other parameters in wastewater.
2017 Oregon Wine Symposium | Dr. Larry Williams- Coping Strategies for a Warm...Oregon Wine Board
Warming temperatures are a challenge and concern for many Oregon grape growers. Taking a proactive approach and staying current on irrigation and canopy management strategies will help vineyard managers assimilate to change. Taking a closer look at the warming climate and the long term consequences on phenology will help grape growers understand how to manipulate phenology and minimize water stress. Specific strategies on irrigation management will be shared, including how to assess soil moisture, determining soil water availability, vine water status and how canopy types affect vine water use.
WI: Milwaukee: Visit Our Public Rain GardensSotirakou964
This document provides information about rain gardens in southeastern Wisconsin, including lists of public rain gardens that have been built in 2008-2009 in Racine, Kenosha, Milwaukee, and Waukesha counties. It also gives basic instructions on how to build a rain garden, such as selecting a good site, calling before digging, excavating, building a berm, and planting. The website is still under construction and currently lacks functioning links.
This document provides guidance on designing and installing a low-volume drip irrigation system. It begins by introducing drip irrigation and its advantages over other methods. It then discusses evaluating your site conditions like soil type, slopes, and microclimates. The document provides a step-by-step process for 1) designing plantings, 2) designing the drip system, 3) installing it, 4) scheduling irrigation times, and 5) maintaining the system. It includes details on laying out distribution lines, valves, controllers, and troubleshooting potential issues. The overall document is a comprehensive manual for planning and implementing a water-efficient drip irrigation system.
This document discusses rainwater harvesting for agriculture. It defines rainwater harvesting as systems that collect, convey, and store rainwater, primarily from rooftops and surfaces, for direct use or artificial groundwater recharge. The benefits of rainwater harvesting include conserving water resources, providing improved water quality, and replenishing local groundwater aquifers. However, rainwater harvesting performance depends on climate and water quality can be affected if stormwater runoff is included. The document provides information on designing rainwater harvesting systems, including calculating harvesting potential based on collection area and rainfall, and conducting feasibility analyses.
This document provides tips for conserving both water and energy. It lists various ways to conserve in areas like the kitchen, bathroom, laundry, yard, air conditioning/heating, water heater, lighting, appliances, home weatherization, and more. Key recommendations include installing aerators and low-flow fixtures, lowering thermostats, using energy efficient appliances, insulating homes properly, and following other best practices to reduce usage.
This document discusses the growing popularity of rain gardens in Wisconsin. It provides details on:
1) How Roger Bannerman, a DNR researcher, has advocated for rain gardens and helped spread their use through workshops. His own gardens capture over 8,000 gallons of runoff each year.
2) Guidelines for designing and installing rain gardens to effectively capture roof runoff, including sizing them based on roof area and soil type. Native plants are recommended as they are adapted to the local conditions.
3) Additional examples of rain gardens that have been installed at homes, schools, businesses and other locations in Wisconsin communities to help reduce stormwater runoff.
Sustainable School Projects: Rain GardenSotirakou964
The document discusses rain gardens as an effective method for controlling stormwater. It provides steps for planning, designing, constructing, and maintaining a rain garden at a school. Some key benefits of rain gardens mentioned include controlling stormwater, treating pollutants, creating habitat, and encouraging environmental stewardship. The document recommends considering factors like location, size, soil type, and drainage when setting up a rain garden.
Rain gardens are shallow depressions in the landscape designed to capture rainwater runoff from rooftops, lawns, and other surfaces. They allow the rainwater to naturally seep into the ground, recharging groundwater supplies and preventing polluted runoff. Benefits include reducing flooding, filtering pollutants, and creating wildlife habitat. When designing a rain garden, the size and depth depend on the amount of runoff to be captured and the soil type. Native plants suitable for both wet and dry conditions should be selected. Ongoing maintenance includes weeding and replanting as needed.
Rain Garden Design and Installation Manual - EcoServSotirakou964
This document provides guidance on designing and installing rain gardens. It discusses consulting services related to ecology, engineering, GIS, landscape architecture and planning. It outlines key design considerations including water conditions, site constraints, living constraints and financial goals. Designers should evaluate the water source and volume, site topography, existing vegetation, and budget to determine the appropriate size and plant selection for the rain garden.
The document provides a model ordinance for water-efficient landscape design to help Colorado communities promote water conservation. It was developed by the Colorado Department of Local Affairs to encourage the use of drought-tolerant landscaping. The model ordinance includes standards for landscape design, plant selection, irrigation systems, and other best practices to ensure water-efficient landscapes while preserving communities' character. It is meant to serve as an alternative or supplement to other landscape codes and support local master plans and conservation goals.
II WORKSHOP INTERNACIONAL: GESTÃO SUSTENTÁVEL DE RECURSOS HÍDRICOS NA AGRICULTURA IRRIGADA:
Pesquisa, Políticas Públicas, Extensão Rural e Participação dos Agricultores do Nebraska, USA e do Oeste da Bahia, Brasil
AUDITÓRIO AIBA - BARREIRAS, BA
This document outlines Carrie Lacks and Emily Schmitt's proposal to create the first rain garden at Alaska Pacific University. They plan to build the rain garden by the end of the semester or May block to reduce runoff into local watersheds. Funding will come from the Municipality of Anchorage Rain Gardens program and sustainability committee. The rain garden will be located behind a house on campus and will help filter stormwater runoff through native plants before it reaches local streams. Carrie and Emily provide a timeline for completing the project and define their individual responsibilities.
This document provides instructions for homeowners on how to design and construct a rain garden. It recommends siting rain gardens at least 10 feet from foundations and 30 feet from downspouts, in partial sun. The size should be 100-300 square feet based on roof/lawn drainage area and soil type. Depth depends on slope, ranging from 3-5 inches for slopes under 4% to 6-8 inches for steeper slopes. Proper siting and sizing helps rain gardens effectively absorb 30% more runoff than lawns.
A presentation about rain garden design, installation, and maintenance. Presented by Kate Venturini, Landscape Restoration Specialist with the University of Rhode Island, during the Buzzards Bay Coalition's 2014 Decision Makers Workshop series. Learn more at www.savebuzzardsbay.org/DecisionMakers
This document provides information on collecting, storing, and treating rainwater. It discusses the benefits of rainwater harvesting such as being a primary water source, recharging aquifers, and providing water security. Various components of a rainwater harvesting system are described, including collection surfaces, conveyance methods, first flush diverters, storage containers, and pumping systems. Methods for calculating rainfall catchment and storage sizes are presented. Basic maintenance and treatment options like chlorination and filtration are also covered. The overall document serves as a guide for setting up a rainwater harvesting system.
This document provides guidance on designing and installing residential rain gardens. It explains that rain gardens are landscaped areas that capture roof runoff and allow it to slowly soak into the ground rather than running off into storm drains. The document provides guidelines on siting rain gardens at least 10 feet from foundations, on slopes under 12%, and in partial sun. It also offers recommendations for sizing rain gardens based on drainage area, soil type, and depth between 100-300 square feet. Instructions are given for determining slope, drainage area, and using sizing tables to calculate the appropriate surface area for effective stormwater management.
Dave Stark presented on implementing effective rainwater harvesting policy in Minnesota. He discussed the benefits of rainwater harvesting, including reducing energy usage and stormwater runoff. Stark recommended that Minnesota emphasize stormwater management, use ARCSA guidelines, develop Minnesota-specific guidelines, educate on codes, and form an interagency task force to address code issues and develop coordinated policy.
Typical groundwater monitoring wells are used to sample groundwater levels and quality at landfills. They consist of protective surface casing extending above ground with a sampling cap. Below is a sealed section with slots to allow water entry. Gravel fills the bottom to allow water sampling. Waste Management has strict standards and procedures for consistent, high-quality monitoring well installation and routine sampling, with lab-analyzed results reported to regulators for early issue identification.
This document discusses water shortage issues facing Shilpani city and proposes two rainwater harvesting methods as solutions.
The city is facing severe water shortages, with over 50% of borewells and lakes running dry and groundwater levels dropping significantly in just a few years. This is affecting soil fertility, the water cycle, and local climate. Most rainfall currently drains untreated into waterways.
The document proposes two rainwater harvesting methods: 1) The Rainy Filter which directly stores roof rainwater in a filtered storage tank, providing over 100 days of water for a family. 2) The Injection Well which recharges groundwater by pumping roof rainwater into an underground storage and infiltration system, overcoming
Drought, water-wise gardens and saving water in landscapes - University of Ca...Fabienne22Q
This document discusses various strategies for saving water in landscapes, including grouping plants with similar water needs together, tuning up irrigation systems, monitoring soil moisture, mulching bare soils, paying attention to seasonal water needs, and using native and drought-tolerant plants appropriately. While homeowners' water use is a small percentage statewide, conserving water can still lower water bills and promote healthier landscapes. The key is understanding each landscape's unique water requirements and monitoring use.
This document proposes a social enterprise conference in Texas to address the financial needs of community organizations. It discusses how nonprofits that serve low-income communities are struggling due to decreased funding from grants and donations. The conference will explore social enterprise models and impact investments that could generate more stable revenue streams for nonprofits. The document provides an overview of topics that will be covered, including social enterprise, impact bonds, and how poorly performing organizations can improve. It also discusses challenges and solutions related to social enterprise and impact investing.
This document provides guidelines for rainwater catchment systems in Hawaii. Section 1 discusses water collection and outlines best practices for roofing materials, gutters, screens, and downspouts to minimize contamination of collected rainwater. Non-toxic materials approved for drinking water use are recommended. The first rains after installation should be diverted to flush away debris from new materials before water is collected.
Rainwater harvesting is legal in San Francisco and can be used for non-potable purposes like irrigation and toilet flushing. A permit is required to install a cistern but not for a rain barrel. The size of the system depends on roof size and water needs. Overflow can be directed to approved drains or rain gardens. Proper maintenance like annual cleaning is needed. Rainwater harvesting can save homeowners about $200 per year on water bills.
1. Water is essential for survival but we do not conserve it properly. Due to over-pumping of groundwater, water tables have dropped dangerously.
2. Harvesting rainwater can help eliminate water scarcity as it recharges groundwater. It is our duty to conserve rainwater through harvesting.
3. This book aims to promote rainwater harvesting for offices and homes. It provides information on harvesting methods that field engineers can use to design and implement rainwater harvesting systems.
This document discusses the growing popularity of rain gardens in Wisconsin. It provides details on:
1) How Roger Bannerman, a DNR researcher, has advocated for rain gardens and helped spread their use through workshops. His own gardens capture over 8,000 gallons of runoff each year.
2) Guidelines for designing and installing rain gardens to effectively capture roof runoff, including sizing them based on roof area and soil type. Native plants are recommended as they are adapted to the local conditions.
3) Additional examples of rain gardens that have been installed at homes, schools, businesses and other locations in Wisconsin communities to help reduce stormwater runoff.
Sustainable School Projects: Rain GardenSotirakou964
The document discusses rain gardens as an effective method for controlling stormwater. It provides steps for planning, designing, constructing, and maintaining a rain garden at a school. Some key benefits of rain gardens mentioned include controlling stormwater, treating pollutants, creating habitat, and encouraging environmental stewardship. The document recommends considering factors like location, size, soil type, and drainage when setting up a rain garden.
Rain gardens are shallow depressions in the landscape designed to capture rainwater runoff from rooftops, lawns, and other surfaces. They allow the rainwater to naturally seep into the ground, recharging groundwater supplies and preventing polluted runoff. Benefits include reducing flooding, filtering pollutants, and creating wildlife habitat. When designing a rain garden, the size and depth depend on the amount of runoff to be captured and the soil type. Native plants suitable for both wet and dry conditions should be selected. Ongoing maintenance includes weeding and replanting as needed.
Rain Garden Design and Installation Manual - EcoServSotirakou964
This document provides guidance on designing and installing rain gardens. It discusses consulting services related to ecology, engineering, GIS, landscape architecture and planning. It outlines key design considerations including water conditions, site constraints, living constraints and financial goals. Designers should evaluate the water source and volume, site topography, existing vegetation, and budget to determine the appropriate size and plant selection for the rain garden.
The document provides a model ordinance for water-efficient landscape design to help Colorado communities promote water conservation. It was developed by the Colorado Department of Local Affairs to encourage the use of drought-tolerant landscaping. The model ordinance includes standards for landscape design, plant selection, irrigation systems, and other best practices to ensure water-efficient landscapes while preserving communities' character. It is meant to serve as an alternative or supplement to other landscape codes and support local master plans and conservation goals.
II WORKSHOP INTERNACIONAL: GESTÃO SUSTENTÁVEL DE RECURSOS HÍDRICOS NA AGRICULTURA IRRIGADA:
Pesquisa, Políticas Públicas, Extensão Rural e Participação dos Agricultores do Nebraska, USA e do Oeste da Bahia, Brasil
AUDITÓRIO AIBA - BARREIRAS, BA
This document outlines Carrie Lacks and Emily Schmitt's proposal to create the first rain garden at Alaska Pacific University. They plan to build the rain garden by the end of the semester or May block to reduce runoff into local watersheds. Funding will come from the Municipality of Anchorage Rain Gardens program and sustainability committee. The rain garden will be located behind a house on campus and will help filter stormwater runoff through native plants before it reaches local streams. Carrie and Emily provide a timeline for completing the project and define their individual responsibilities.
This document provides instructions for homeowners on how to design and construct a rain garden. It recommends siting rain gardens at least 10 feet from foundations and 30 feet from downspouts, in partial sun. The size should be 100-300 square feet based on roof/lawn drainage area and soil type. Depth depends on slope, ranging from 3-5 inches for slopes under 4% to 6-8 inches for steeper slopes. Proper siting and sizing helps rain gardens effectively absorb 30% more runoff than lawns.
A presentation about rain garden design, installation, and maintenance. Presented by Kate Venturini, Landscape Restoration Specialist with the University of Rhode Island, during the Buzzards Bay Coalition's 2014 Decision Makers Workshop series. Learn more at www.savebuzzardsbay.org/DecisionMakers
This document provides information on collecting, storing, and treating rainwater. It discusses the benefits of rainwater harvesting such as being a primary water source, recharging aquifers, and providing water security. Various components of a rainwater harvesting system are described, including collection surfaces, conveyance methods, first flush diverters, storage containers, and pumping systems. Methods for calculating rainfall catchment and storage sizes are presented. Basic maintenance and treatment options like chlorination and filtration are also covered. The overall document serves as a guide for setting up a rainwater harvesting system.
This document provides guidance on designing and installing residential rain gardens. It explains that rain gardens are landscaped areas that capture roof runoff and allow it to slowly soak into the ground rather than running off into storm drains. The document provides guidelines on siting rain gardens at least 10 feet from foundations, on slopes under 12%, and in partial sun. It also offers recommendations for sizing rain gardens based on drainage area, soil type, and depth between 100-300 square feet. Instructions are given for determining slope, drainage area, and using sizing tables to calculate the appropriate surface area for effective stormwater management.
Dave Stark presented on implementing effective rainwater harvesting policy in Minnesota. He discussed the benefits of rainwater harvesting, including reducing energy usage and stormwater runoff. Stark recommended that Minnesota emphasize stormwater management, use ARCSA guidelines, develop Minnesota-specific guidelines, educate on codes, and form an interagency task force to address code issues and develop coordinated policy.
Typical groundwater monitoring wells are used to sample groundwater levels and quality at landfills. They consist of protective surface casing extending above ground with a sampling cap. Below is a sealed section with slots to allow water entry. Gravel fills the bottom to allow water sampling. Waste Management has strict standards and procedures for consistent, high-quality monitoring well installation and routine sampling, with lab-analyzed results reported to regulators for early issue identification.
This document discusses water shortage issues facing Shilpani city and proposes two rainwater harvesting methods as solutions.
The city is facing severe water shortages, with over 50% of borewells and lakes running dry and groundwater levels dropping significantly in just a few years. This is affecting soil fertility, the water cycle, and local climate. Most rainfall currently drains untreated into waterways.
The document proposes two rainwater harvesting methods: 1) The Rainy Filter which directly stores roof rainwater in a filtered storage tank, providing over 100 days of water for a family. 2) The Injection Well which recharges groundwater by pumping roof rainwater into an underground storage and infiltration system, overcoming
Drought, water-wise gardens and saving water in landscapes - University of Ca...Fabienne22Q
This document discusses various strategies for saving water in landscapes, including grouping plants with similar water needs together, tuning up irrigation systems, monitoring soil moisture, mulching bare soils, paying attention to seasonal water needs, and using native and drought-tolerant plants appropriately. While homeowners' water use is a small percentage statewide, conserving water can still lower water bills and promote healthier landscapes. The key is understanding each landscape's unique water requirements and monitoring use.
This document proposes a social enterprise conference in Texas to address the financial needs of community organizations. It discusses how nonprofits that serve low-income communities are struggling due to decreased funding from grants and donations. The conference will explore social enterprise models and impact investments that could generate more stable revenue streams for nonprofits. The document provides an overview of topics that will be covered, including social enterprise, impact bonds, and how poorly performing organizations can improve. It also discusses challenges and solutions related to social enterprise and impact investing.
This document provides guidelines for rainwater catchment systems in Hawaii. Section 1 discusses water collection and outlines best practices for roofing materials, gutters, screens, and downspouts to minimize contamination of collected rainwater. Non-toxic materials approved for drinking water use are recommended. The first rains after installation should be diverted to flush away debris from new materials before water is collected.
Rainwater harvesting is legal in San Francisco and can be used for non-potable purposes like irrigation and toilet flushing. A permit is required to install a cistern but not for a rain barrel. The size of the system depends on roof size and water needs. Overflow can be directed to approved drains or rain gardens. Proper maintenance like annual cleaning is needed. Rainwater harvesting can save homeowners about $200 per year on water bills.
1. Water is essential for survival but we do not conserve it properly. Due to over-pumping of groundwater, water tables have dropped dangerously.
2. Harvesting rainwater can help eliminate water scarcity as it recharges groundwater. It is our duty to conserve rainwater through harvesting.
3. This book aims to promote rainwater harvesting for offices and homes. It provides information on harvesting methods that field engineers can use to design and implement rainwater harvesting systems.
Rainwater Harvesting How to Guide - Los Angeles CAK9T
This document provides a homeowner's guide to harvesting rainwater in the city of Los Angeles. It discusses redirecting downspouts from roofs to either rain barrels or pervious areas like rain gardens to reduce stormwater runoff. The guide includes instructions for assessing sites, measuring slopes, and redirecting downspouts to either rain barrels or pervious areas. Homeowners can follow the step-by-step instructions to disconnect existing downspouts and extend them to capture rainwater for watering plants or allowing it to infiltrate into the ground.
This document provides guidelines for rainwater harvesting in Georgia. It discusses the purpose of rainwater harvesting systems and compliance with state and local codes. It also introduces the American Rainwater Catchment Systems Association (ARCSA), a key organization for information on rainwater harvesting best practices and standards. The introduction chapter provides background on water scarcity globally and the importance of rainwater harvesting for water conservation and management given population growth and climate change.
A Usina dos Kits é uma empresa de plastimodelismo focada em fornecer kits de montagem, conteúdos sobre o hobby e eventos de divulgação. A empresa busca se tornar uma das principais do setor até junho de 2017, resolvendo problemas como sites concorrentes de baixa qualidade e demora na entrega. A equipe é formada por três sócios com experiências complementares na área.
This document provides a comprehensive guide to designing and implementing rainwater harvesting systems in Virginia. It discusses the various freshwater problems facing the state, including declining water quantity and quality as well as aging infrastructure. Rainwater harvesting can help address these issues by providing an alternative, decentralized water source that reduces demand on existing systems. The manual covers all aspects of rainwater harvesting system design and implementation for residential, commercial and other uses. It also highlights the environmental, economic and stormwater management benefits of increased rainwater harvesting in Virginia.
This document discusses rainwater harvesting, which involves collecting rainwater runoff from roofs or other impervious surfaces and storing it for later use. Traditionally this involves collecting rainwater from roofs into gutters and downspouts that channel water into storage vessels like rain barrels or cisterns. Rainwater harvesting systems can range from simple rain barrels to more complex systems that supply an entire household's water needs. The document outlines the benefits of rainwater harvesting and provides details on different collection methods, components, sizing rainwater systems, and uses for harvested rainwater.
Evs Project on Rainwater harvesting Calcutta universityAmit Singh
Rainwater harvesting has many benefits but requires correctly sizing storage tanks. There are 5 key steps to designing an effective system:
1. Determine household water demand and available rainfall.
2. Design the catchment area, usually a roof.
3. Plan the delivery system of gutters and pipes to storage.
4. Calculate the necessary storage tank size based on water demand and rainfall patterns.
5. Select an appropriate tank design that is sealed and prevents contamination.
This document discusses rainwater harvesting, which involves collecting and storing rainwater from rooftops in rain barrels or tanks. It can be used for both potable and non-potable purposes like drinking, cooking, gardening, and more. The document outlines how rainwater harvesting systems work by diverting water from gutters into a storage system. It also discusses the history of rainwater harvesting, modern applications and benefits, potential disadvantages, and provides guidance on setting up a basic system.
Rainwater harvesting is the collection and storage of rainwater runoff from rooftops in rain barrels or tanks. It has been used for centuries by many civilizations to provide water for consumption, irrigation, and other uses. A basic rainwater harvesting system collects rainwater from roof gutters via a downspout diverter that channels water into a storage tank or barrel. Stored rainwater can then be used for purposes like watering gardens, flushing toilets, and more. Rainwater harvesting provides benefits like reducing demand on municipal water systems and controlling stormwater runoff and pollution.
This document provides an initial study on rainwater harvesting in 12 villages in Nong Het district, Laos. It analyzes the current water supply and demand, and proposes installing rainwater collection systems on school rooftops to supplement dry season water sources. Calculations estimate that roof collection could provide over half a year's supply but additional domestic systems and education may be needed to fully meet demand. The study outlines design considerations for gutters, tanks, and ensuring water quality in the proposed rainwater harvesting system.
Combining Rainwater Harvesting with Water Featuresseanmullarkey
Combining Rainwater Harvesting with Water Features
Sean Mullarkey, Applied Water Technologies
Sustainable water features that captures, stores and utilizes rain water for more than looks. Harvested rainwater can be used
for watering plants, washing cars, topping off the pool and many other uses. Combining rainwater harvesting with a
decorative water feature provides habitat, healthy water and esthetics.
Water system analysis and relation with gutter guardsHome Rudder
Water system analysis and relation with gutter guards
Water system is an important thing for us and using a gutter helps to manage water in industry and home. Thus the slide is important for anyone.
Rainwater harvesting is an important traditional practice in India that has declined with urbanization. It is needed now more than ever to address water shortages and declining groundwater levels. Roof rainwater harvesting systems collect rainwater and store it for use or allow it to percolate to recharge groundwater. Proper filtration is important to ensure water quality. Traditional methods like step wells and tanks helped conserve water and communities were responsible for maintenance. Reviving such systems with public participation can help address the water crisis through a decentralized approach.
Water: water is renewable resource. Three- fourth of surface is covered with water but only a small proportion of it accounts for freshwater fit for use.
Some facts about water
Only 2.5% of the world’s water is fresh water and most of this are in the form of polar ice-caps.
Water use as increased by 70% since 1970.
A recent report by credit issues stated that by 2025 18 will
countries experience water demand beyond supply capabilities.
This document discusses reasons for and solutions to water scarcity. It outlines two types of water scarcity: physical caused by lack of water resources, and economic caused by lack of infrastructure. Easy rainwater harvesting methods are described like rooftop collection, rain barrels, and recharge pits. Solutions proposed include more efficient irrigation systems like drip and sprinkler, improving farming practices, and reducing chemical use. Individuals can help by conserving water wherever possible. With climate change, water scarcity is a growing global challenge that requires sustainable water management and use.
Alaska; Optimal Storage Volumes For Rainwater Catchment Systems In Alaska D7Z
This document presents research on optimal storage volumes for rainwater catchment systems in Alaska. The researchers modeled systems in 12 Alaskan communities factoring in water usage, roof catchment area, climate and temperature thresholds. They found that storage needs varied significantly based on these location-specific characteristics. Optimal storage was defined as the minimum tank volume needed to meet water demands during the operational season while maintaining at least a 5% reserve. The results provide guidelines to help design effective rainwater catchment systems tailored to local conditions in Alaska.
This document provides a final report on the design of a rainwater catchment system for 50 people in Haiti. The system includes a 185 m2 catchment area made of aluminum, a flow diverter made of PVC pipes to remove debris, two 30 cm diameter sand filters 1.1 m high to remove pathogens, and two 5,000 gallon polyethylene reservoirs for storage. Experimental testing showed the flow diverter effectively cleans water. Testing also determined the optimal sand filter dimensions. The total estimated cost is $6,700-$8,200.
California; Rainwater Catchment in Monterey County - brochure D7Z
This document provides information about rainwater catchment systems. It defines rainwater catchment as collecting normally wasted rainwater and reusing it for non-potable uses. Rainwater catchment helps conserve water supplies and reduces costs. The document discusses different components of rainwater catchment systems, including cisterns and rain barrels. It provides guidance on siting, maintaining, and labeling non-potable water systems.
Urban rainwater harvesting systems promises and challenges in Bangalorezenrain man
How rainwater harvesting is being implemented with persuasion and the law in Bangalore to supplement water requirements of a growing metropolis.The city utility is championing the initiative. This will reduce the demand on the piped water supply..
This document discusses reasons for water shortage such as population increase, urbanization, and decreasing water sources. It then describes how rainwater harvesting can help address this issue by recharging groundwater supplies. The document outlines the basic components and methods of rainwater harvesting systems, which collect rainwater from surfaces like rooftops and redirect it to storage tanks or underground to replenish aquifers. Effective filtration is important to ensure water quality. Increased water levels and improved groundwater quality are indicators that rainwater harvesting is successfully augmenting local water supplies.
Rainwater harvesting (RWH) is the collection and storage of rain, rather than allowing it to run off. The harvested water can also be committed to longer-term storage or groundwater recharge.
Community Rainwater Harvesting in Developing CountriesD4Z
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2. OUR MISSION
Working with Oregonians to ensure
safe building construction while
supporting a positive business climate.
3. O r e g o n S m a r t G u i d e
FACTS ABOUT RAINWATER
HARVESTING IN OREGON
A rainwater harvesting system collects water from a roof piped to a
storage tank where it is then used either inside or outside a building.
Designs range from a simple rain barrel at the bottom of a downspout
for watering a garden to extensive cistern systems that can provide a
substantial amount of the water someone uses.
Because of the efforts in Oregon to conserve water, the Building Codes
Division has approved the use of rainwater harvesting systems as an
alternate method to the state plumbing code. Information about the
rainwater harvesting statewide alternate method is available at
www.bcd.oregon.gov.
New filtration and treatment technologies make rainwater harvesting
relatively easy. Rainwater harvesting systems can be installed in
existing buildings or incorporated into new construction. A basic
rainwater collection system includes a roof, gutters or roof drains,
and a piping system to convey the water to and from a storage tank
or cistern. Storage tanks can be inside or outside, above or below
ground, or partially above and partially below ground (see figures 1
and 2). Basements can be good locations for storage tanks as the water
will be gravity fed and protected from freezing. In some instances a
separate structure is used to enclose the tank and equipment, which
will increase the roof surface catchment area. Many rainwater collection
systems, as well as individual components, are available commercially.
1
4. B u i l d i n g C o d e s D i v i s i o n
Roof
Gutter
Cistern
Roof washer
Figure 1. A simple rainwater harvesting design with an external
storage tank.
Catchment
Gutter
Down
spout
Manhole
Roof washer
Line to
building
Buried
cistern
Overflow
Figure 2. An underground storage tank.
2
5. O r e g o n S m a r t G u i d e
THINGS TO CONSIDER
Despite its reputation as a wet and rainy place, Oregon has a very
diverse climate. The potential for rainwater harvesting is dependent on
location, elevation, and precipitation. While some areas in the Coast
Range receive more than 200 inches of rainfall a year, approximately
60 percent of Oregon is desert, receiving less than seven inches of rain
annually. In addition, higher elevations receive precipitation in the form
of snow instead of rain. Western Oregon, the most densely populated
area of the state, is ideal for rainwater harvesting.
Each rainwater harvesting system is unique and should be evaluated
separately. Proper sizing is important when designing your system. You
need to know how much rainwater you expect to collect and how
much water you expect to use. Determining the right sizing will affect
installation cost, operation, and on-going maintenance.
COLLECTING YOUR WATER
Detailed information about the expected rainfall in any part of the
state is available online. Simply enter “Oregon precipitation data” into
a search engine. Several maps and charts are available detailing daily,
monthly, or annual rainfall for specific areas.
For example:
AVERAGE MONTHLY PRECIPITATION
SALEM, ORE.
January 5.9 inches
February 4.5 inches
March 4.3 inches
April 2.4 inches
May 1.9 inches
June 1.3 inches
July 0.6 inches
August 0.8 inches
September 1.6 inches
October 3.0 inches
November 6.3 inches
December 6.8 inches
3
6. B u i l d i n g C o d e s D i v i s i o n
In Oregon, only roof surfaces may be used for harvesting rainwater. To
determine how much rainwater you can expect to collect, you need
to calculate your roof footprint or rainwater catchment area. The roof
footprint is equal to the exterior square footage of the roof surface
around the gutter line. For some roofs it may be necessary to calculate
multiple rectangular areas and add them together. For a round roof,
use Pi times radius squared to figure the catchment.
50 feet
40 feet
Figure 3.
Using the measurements in figure 3, the formula for calculating the
catchment, or the capture potential formula, would be 40 feet times 50
feet, equaling a 2,000 square foot catchment area.
Rainwater harvesting systems can only effectively capture about 75
percent of rainwater due to evaporation, leaks, etc. This results in a
capture rate of approximately 0.46 gallons of rainwater per square foot
of catchment area per inch of rainfall.
To determine how much rainwater you can expect to collect, multiply
the catchment area, times the average rainfall, times the percentage of
water you can reliably expect to capture (catchment area times rainfall
times 0.46 equals gallons expected or capture potential). This simple
formula will give you a good idea of how much water you can expect
to harvest from your roof’s collection system.
4
7. O r e g o n S m a r t G u i d e
For example, the house in Figure 3 has a roof footprint of 40 feet by 50
feet. The catchment area is 40 x 50 = 2,000 square feet. Assuming the
house is in Salem, Ore., where the annual average rainfall is 38.8 inches
per year, the expected rainwater harvest for the 2,000-square-foot roof
is: 2,000 x 38.8 x 0.46 = 35,696 gallons of water per year.
DETERMINING YOUR WATER USE
How much rainwater you will need depends on your intended uses.
On average, a family in the United States uses approximately 50 to
70 gallons per person per day. This national average for water
consumption is based on plumbing systems with both water
conserving and non-water conserving fixtures. Designing a plumbing
system with water-conserving plumbing fixtures reduces actual
expected water demand. The more conservative your water use the
smaller your demand.
Supplying all the water for an entire building requires much more
rainwater storage than supplying water for a limited use, such as
flushing toilets. The more water you intend to use, the more important
accurate calculations are to ensure adequate supply.
The following can help you estimate your daily water needs:
• Toilet = 6 flushes per day per person, multiplied by flush volume
of the fixture.
• Faucet = 5 minutes of use per person per day, multiplied by the
actual flow of the faucet.
• Shower = 5 minutes per person per day, multiplied by output of
the shower head.
• Bath = Actual volume of the bathtub per bath.
• Clothes washer = 25 gallons per load multiplied by number of
loads a week.
• Dishwasher = 1 use per day at the rated gallons per load.
• Irrigation = Based on the system and months of year used.
Summer irrigation may be as much as 70 percent of your entire
water use.
• Hose bibb (outdoor faucet) = Based on its gallon-per-minute
rating and expected usage.
To calculate water usage for an existing home on a municipal water
system, look at your water bill records.
5
8. B u i l d i n g C o d e s D i v i s i o n
STORING YOUR WATER
There is no perfect one-size-fits-all tank and a backup water supply
should always be available to charge the system when needed. Ideally
a system should be large enough so there is little or no overflow loss
during peak rainfall months and there is enough storage capacity for
future demand. Determine the size of the tank needed by considering
the expected water use, the capture potential (catchment area times
rainfall times 0.46 equals gallons expected or capture potential), and
the average monthly rainfall.
For example, a family of four will have an average demand of 200
gallons per day, using 50 gallons per person per day. They will require
about 6,200 gallons a month.
In the Salem example, December has the highest average monthly
rainfall at 6.8 inches. Using the earlier formula, we can anticipate
collecting 6,256 gallons of water in December. Supplying all of the
family’s water needs for December will require a storage capacity of at
least 6,200 gallons. July has the lowest rainfall with an average of 0.6
inches. Using the capture potential formula, we can expect to catch
552 gallons of water for July. Subtracting the 6,200-gallon monthly
demand, the family of four will need at least 5,648 gallons of water in
storage to meet the demand just for the month of July.
Based on Salem’s average monthly rainfall of 3.24 inches, the example’s
2,000-square-foot catchment area will collect about 3,202 gallons a
month – not enough to meet the 6,200-gallons needed. Therefore, a
reserve of water from peak rain months is necessary. For the example
home, a storage capacity of between 8,000 to 10,000 gallons would
allow water to be stored from the wetter months, with little overflow
loss, forming a reserve for lower harvest months. A larger storage
capacity also allows for a surplus to address long periods of drought
between rain events.
6
9. O r e g o n S m a r t G u i d e
Manhole with lid
Overflow
12
feet
Drain
12 feet
Figure 4.
A storage tank like the one in Figure 4 gives you an idea of the size of a
10,000-gallon round tank, which is approximately 12 feet wide and 12
feet high.
The larger your storage capacity, the more water available to use and
the longer you can go between rain events. A smaller storage tank will
be adequate if you are supplementing your water supply or for limited
use. For example a 1,500- to 2,000-gallon storage tank should be
adequate for flushing toilets for a family of four for a year.
7
10. B u i l d i n g C o d e s D i v i s i o n
MAKING YOUR SYSTEM WORK WELL
FILTERING
The cleaner the water going into your storage tank, the less often
you will need to drain and clean the tank. Rain water coming off a
roof will inevitably contain dust, leaves, sticks, and other debris. A
screen will remove much of the big debris. Screen the gutter and
downspout collection funnel and filter the water before it goes into
the storage tank.
The first gallon per 100 foot of roof area should be discarded after
each rain event to ensure only the cleanest water is harvested. Figure
5 shows where a roof washer or first-flush diverter is located within the
filtering portion of a system.
Example of a standpipe roof washer
Basket strainer
Leaf screen
Gutter outlet
Gutter
Screen
Roof washer
Drain
To cistern
Cleanout
Figure 5.
8
11. O r e g o n S m a r t G u i d e
The first wash of rainwater off the roof should be collected in a roof
washer or first-flush diverter that will dispose of the dusty initial water
from the roof’s surface. You can make your own first-flush diverter or
there are commercially available diverters and roof washer systems.
(See Figure 6.)
To gutter
Roof washer diverter tee
To tank
Float ball
As long as
possible
Filter screen
Connect drain hose Adjustable leak drip
Figure 6.
A simple first-flush diverter (see Figure 6) will have a horizontal pipe
that fills with the initial dusty water when it starts to rain. As the water
rises in the vertical pipe, a plastic ball in the pipe rises and stops flow
to the diverter. When the rain stops, the water in the diverter pipe is
slowly drained out through a small drain. The bottom should include
a removable plug or cap for servicing. Diverter chambers need to be
cleaned between rain events to eliminate buildup of debris
and dust.
9
12. B u i l d i n g C o d e s D i v i s i o n
SAMPLES OF FILTERING SYSTEMS
Gutter
Figure 7 shows a commercially
available product that includes
a leaf screen at the downspout
and a first flush diverter.
Screen Filtering the water through
a “filter medium” will ensure
that the water in the tank
is reasonably clear. Filter
beds can be purchased or
homemade. Homemade filter
beds can be as simple as a
five-gallon plastic bucket with
Roof washer an outlet fitting attachment,
fine sand layer at the top, and
Tank layers of coarse rock on
the bottom.
Figure 7.
You can make your Rainwater in top
own filter like the Filter sand
one in Figure 8, a
homemade sediment
filter. Downspout water Fine gravel
enters the top of the filter
5-gallon
bed and leaves from the plastic
bottom through a pipe, bucket
after filtering through Medium gravel
the layers. You can place
larger rocks over the top
Screen
layer of sand to hold it in
place. At the very bottom Large gravel or rock
of the homemade filter
you can put a porous To tank
fabric or screen that is
the last layer before the Figure 8.
water goes through the
pipe, which drains to the water storage tank inlet. Many commercially
manufactured rainwater filter systems are available.
10
13. O r e g o n S m a r t G u i d e
Access lid
Inlet from
roof
Outlet
to tank Fine mesh Outlet
screen open washes
at bottom out debris
Figure 9.
Figure 9 shows a cut-away of a commercially made filter with an
internal screen basket strainer that is removed from the top for cleaning.
A floating screened intake fitting, which is used inside a rainwater
storage tank, can ensure clean water from the storage tank.
(see Figure 10).
A hollow plastic ball attached to the screened intake fitting floats to
the top of the tank. Below the ball, the inlet for the water has a fine
stainless steel screen over the opening. This connects to the pressure
pump inlet pipe preventing sediment and other debris, which has
accumulated at the bottom of the storage tank, from being sucked up
into the water supply.
11
14. B u i l d i n g C o d e s D i v i s i o n
A nylon rope can be tied to
Cord attached to tank the top of the float for easy
retrieval from the tank for
Float ball cleaning and service.
Intake screen
Tubing to pump
Figure 10.
Note the floating inlet ball
and pipe in the illustration of Manhole
a cross section of a rainwater
harvesting tank in Figure 11. Water level
The fill pipe has a trap device
and fills from the lower part
of the tank, above the bottom,
to avoid stirring up sediment.
The overflow at the top also Overflow
needs a trap and a backwater
valve if it is connected to a
storm drain. Any opening
Floating intake
to the outside should
be screened to keep
mosquitoes out. Water inlet
Drain above tank
If you are using your rainwater
for flushing toilets, hose bibbs bottom
Sediment
(outdoor faucets), irrigation
and gardening, or washing
clothes, no further treatment
is necessary. Figure 11.
12
15. O r e g o n S m a r t G u i d e
PIPING, PUMPS, AND PRESSURE SYSTEMS
The water will be piped from the storage tank into the building. To do
that, you will need to create the necessary water pressure to carry it
to the plumbing fixtures and end uses. Without treatment, this water
is not potable and should not be connected to a municipal or private
drinking water system. It is important that the pipes taking water
from the tank to the building be identifiable as carrying non-potable/
not drinkable water and kept separate from the drinking water piping.
Purple pipe is a universal identifier of non-potable water. Labels, paint,
or purple-colored pipe can all be used to identify the pipes as carrying
non-potable water.
There are many manufactured pump products available. Two types
of pump systems are typically used for rainwater harvesting: pressure
tank-type pumps (for both small and large systems) and constant
pressure pump systems.
Depending on the amount of water you are using in your building,
you can use a ½ horsepower to ¾ horsepower pump. Use the
manufacturer’s information to determine the size and volume of pump
you will need.
Pressure pumps usually work at 30 to 50 pounds per square inch
(psi), meaning that when the faucet is on and water is being used, the
pressure drops to 30 psi, at which point the pump starts and continues
to run until the pressure reaches 50 psi and the pump shuts off. The
amount of water available with this type of pressure tank pump will
depend on the size of the pressure tank. The larger the pressure tank,
the greater the amount of water that can be used before the pump
will start.
The other common type of pump for rainwater harvesting systems, the
constant or on-demand type, is small and cost effective. It operates by
a pressure control valve.
13
16. B u i l d i n g C o d e s D i v i s i o n
DRINKING YOUR WATER
With the proper treatment, rainwater harvesting can provide drinking
water. Further filtering and chemical or ultra violet (UV) treatment will
be necessary if you are going to use the water for drinking or other
domestic purposes.
Filtering should include a commercial five micron or less fiber cartridge
filter followed by a three micron or less activated charcoal filter. The
fiber filter will remove particulates and the carbon filter will remove
very fine particles and improve taste. Filter elements should be replaced
according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
After filtering, the water must be disinfected by either chemical
injection, ozone generators, or by a UV light. Most people prefer the
UV light because it does not leave chemical residuals in the water. UV
light systems should be listed to the ANSI/NSF 55 standard for Class
A UV water treatment systems. Although the water is considered safe
to drink following this treatment, it should never be connected with
another drinking water supply without a reduced-pressure principle
backflow preventer.
14
17. O r e g o n S m a r t G u i d e
An example of a small home using rainwater for all uses including
drinking water can be seen in Figure 12.
1,500-square-foot Screen
Screen roof area
Mosquito screen
Overflow to curb Roof
washer To plumbing
w/drain fixtures
Co
Pump
RP Water
UV light device meter
Filters
Pressure
tank
Figure 12.
Don’t forget your plumbing permits. Learn more by going to
www.permitsprotect.info
15
18. B u i l d i n g C o d e s D i v i s i o n
GLOSSARY OF TERMS
Auxiliary supply – A water supply that is arranged to provide an
alternate means of filling a cistern.
Catchment – Roof area from which rainwater is collected for use in a
rainwater harvesting system.
Cistern – The central storage component of the rainwater harvesting
system.
Code – The 2008 Oregon Plumbing Specialty Code and Building Codes
Division Alternate Method Rulings OPSC Nos. 08-03 & 08-01. In April
2011, the new Oregon Plumbing Specialty Code will be adopted.
Overflow – The highest level that water in a cistern is permitted to
attain.
Pump – Mechanical device necessary to distribute the harvested
rainwater from the cistern to the designated plumbing fixtures.
Rainwater – Water from natural precipitation that has not been
contaminated by use.
Roof washer or first-flush diverter – A device or method for removal of
sediment and debris from collected roof water by diverting the initial
rainfall from entry into the cistern.
Screen – A filtration device, constructed of corrosion-resistant wire or
other approved mesh.
Sedimentation – Separation of solids from the water by gravity.
16
20. Department of Consumer & Business Services
Building Codes Division
1535 Edgewater St. NW
P.O. Box 14470
Salem, OR 97309-0404
503-378-4133
www.bcd.oregon.gov
440-3660 (6/10/COM)