This document discusses American involvement in World War I, including recruitment efforts, propaganda used to sell the war effort to the public, and expansions of federal power and agencies during the war. It also examines some of the social and political consequences of the war at home, such as increased opportunities for women and African Americans as well as instances of repression of civil liberties and crackdowns on dissent through actions like the Palmer Raids.

1. Ms. Susan PojerMs. Susan Pojer
Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua,Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua,
NYNY

4. The Most Famous RecruitmentThe Most Famous Recruitment
PosterPoster

5. Uncle Sam—He the Man!Uncle Sam—He the Man!

6. Don’t Mess with the U. S.Don’t Mess with the U. S.

7. ““Huns Kill Women andHuns Kill Women and
Children!”Children!”

8. The “Little Soldier”The “Little Soldier”

9. World WarI AmericanWorld WarI American
“Anthem”“Anthem”

10. Johnnie get your gun, get your gun,Johnnie get your gun, get your gun,
get your gun,get your gun,
Take it on the run, on the run, onTake it on the run, on the run, on
the run,the run,
Hear them calling you and me,Hear them calling you and me,
Every son of liberty.Every son of liberty.
Hurry right away, no delay, goHurry right away, no delay, go
today,today,
Make your daddy glad to have hadMake your daddy glad to have had
such a lad,such a lad,
Tell your sweetheart not to pine,Tell your sweetheart not to pine,
To be proud her boy's in line.To be proud her boy's in line.

11. Over there, over thereOver there, over there
Send the word, send the word overSend the word, send the word over
therethere
That the Yanks are coming, theThat the Yanks are coming, the
Yanks are coming,Yanks are coming,
The drums rum-tumming everywhereThe drums rum-tumming everywhere
So prepare, say a prayerSo prepare, say a prayer
Send the word, send the word toSend the word, send the word to
bewarebeware
We'll be over, we're coming over,We'll be over, we're coming over,
And we won't come back till it'sAnd we won't come back till it's
over, over there!over, over there!

12. Johnnie get your gun, get your gun,Johnnie get your gun, get your gun,
get your gun,get your gun,
Johnnie show the Hun you're a sonJohnnie show the Hun you're a son
of a gun,of a gun,
Hoist the flag and let her fly,Hoist the flag and let her fly,
Yankee Doodle do or die.Yankee Doodle do or die.
Pack your little kit, show your grit,Pack your little kit, show your grit,
do your bit,do your bit,
Yankees to the ranks from the townsYankees to the ranks from the towns
and the tanks,and the tanks,
Make your momma proud of youMake your momma proud of you
And the old RedAnd the old Red WhiteWhite andand BlueBlue..

15. The Spirit of ’76’The Spirit of ’76’

16. Over there, over thereOver there, over there
Send the word, send the word overSend the word, send the word over
therethere
That the Yanks are coming, theThat the Yanks are coming, the
Yanks are coming,Yanks are coming,
The drums rum-tumming everywhereThe drums rum-tumming everywhere
So prepare, say a prayerSo prepare, say a prayer
Send the word, send the word toSend the word, send the word to
bewarebeware
We'll be over, we're coming over,We'll be over, we're coming over,
And we won't come back till it'sAnd we won't come back till it's
over, over there!over, over there!

18. 1917 – Selective Service Act1917 – Selective Service Act
24,000,000 men registered for
the draft by the end of 1918.
4,800,000 men served in WW1
(2,000,000 saw active combat).
400,000 African-Americans
served in segregated units.
15,000 Native-Americans served
as scouts, messengers, and
snipers in non-segregated units.

20. Council of NationalCouncil of National
DefenseDefense
War Industries Board –
Bernard Baruch
Food Administration –
Herbert Hoover
Railroad Administration –
William McAdoo
National War Labor Board –
W. H.Taft & Frank P. Walsh

21. U. S. Food AdministrationU. S. Food Administration

22. U. S. Food AdministrationU. S. Food Administration

23. U. S. Food AdministrationU. S. Food Administration

24. National WarGarden CommissionNational WarGarden Commission

25. U. S. School Garden ArmyU. S. School Garden Army

26. U. S. Shipping BoardU. S. Shipping Board

27. U. S. Fuel AdministrationU. S. Fuel Administration

28. U. S. Fuel AdministrationU. S. Fuel Administration

29. Results of This NewResults of This New
Organization of the Economy?Organization of the Economy?
1. Unemployment virtually
disappeared.
2. Expansion of “big government.”
3. Excessive govt. regulations in eco.
4. Some gross mismanagement 
overlapping jurisdictions.
5. Close cooperation between public
and private sectors.
6. Unprecedented opportunities for
disadvantaged groups.

32. YWCA – The Blue TriangleYWCA – The Blue Triangle

33. Munitions WorkMunitions Work

34. The Girls They Left Behind DoThe Girls They Left Behind Do
TheirBit!TheirBit!

35. Women Used In RecruitmentWomen Used In Recruitment
Hello, BigBoy!Hello, BigBoy!

36. Even Grandma Buys LibertyEven Grandma Buys Liberty
BondsBonds

37. The Red Cross - GreatestThe Red Cross - Greatest
Motherin the WorldMotherin the World

38. The Red Cross NurseThe Red Cross Nurse

39. National League forWoman’sNational League forWoman’s
ServiceService

41. Opportunities forOpportunities for
African-Americans in WW1African-Americans in WW1
“Great Migration.”
1916 – 1919  70,000
War industries work.
Enlistment in segregated
units.

42. True Sons of FreedomTrue Sons of Freedom

43. For“Colored” Men inFor“Colored” Men in
ServiceService

44. African-Americans on a TroopAfrican-Americans on a Troop
Ship Headed forFranceShip Headed forFrance

45. ““Rescuing a Negro During theRescuing a Negro During the
Race Riots in Chicago”, 1919Race Riots in Chicago”, 1919

47. The “Flag of Liberty”The “Flag of Liberty”
Represents All of Us!Represents All of Us!

48. We are ALL Americans!We are ALL Americans!

49. United WarWorkCampaignUnited WarWorkCampaign

50. American Committee forAmerican Committee for
Relief in the NearEastRelief in the NearEast

52. The Committee of PublicThe Committee of Public
Information (George Creel)Information (George Creel)
America’s “Propaganda
Minister?”
Anti-Germanism.
Selling American Culture.

53. ““RememberBelgium”RememberBelgium”

54. The “Mad Brute”The “Mad Brute”

55. Beat Backthe “Hun”Beat Backthe “Hun”

56. The “Menace of the Seas”The “Menace of the Seas”

57. Creel Commission FilmCreel Commission Film

59. Government Excess & ThreatsGovernment Excess & Threats
to the Civil Liberties ofto the Civil Liberties of
AmericansAmericans
1. Espionage ActEspionage Act – 1917
- forbade actions that
obstructed recruitment or
efforts to promote
insubordination in the military.
- ordered the Postmaster General
to remove Leftist materials
from the mail.
- fines of up to $10,000 and/or
up to 20 years in prison.

60. Government Excess & ThreatsGovernment Excess & Threats
to the Civil Liberties ofto the Civil Liberties of
AmericansAmericans
2. Sedition ActSedition Act – 1918
- it was a crime to speak against the
purchase of war bonds or willfully
utter, print, write or publish any
disloyal, profane, scurrilous, or
abusive language about this form of US
Govt., the US Constitution, or the US
armed forces or to willfully urge, incite,
or advocate any curtailment of
production of things necessary or
essential to the prosecution of the
war…with intent of such curtailment to
cripple or hinder, the US in the
prosecution of the war.

61. Government Excess & ThreatsGovernment Excess & Threats
to the Civil Liberties of Americansto the Civil Liberties of Americans
3. Schenck v. USSchenck v. US – 1919
- in ordinary times the mailing of the
leaflets would have been protected by the
1st
Amendment.
- BUT, every act of speech must be judged
acc. to the circumstances in which it was
spoken.
-The most stringent protection of free
speech would not protect a man in falsely
shouting fire in a theater and causing a
panic. [Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes]
- If an act of speech posed a clear and
present danger, then Congress had
the power to restrain such speech.

62. Government Excess & ThreatsGovernment Excess & Threats
to the Civil Liberties ofto the Civil Liberties of
AmericansAmericans
4. Abrams v. USAbrams v. US – 1919
- majority ruling --> cited Holmes’
“Clear and present danger” doctrine.
- Holmes & Brandeis dissented:
The best test of truth is the
power of the thought to get
itself accepted in the competition
of the market, denying that a
“silly leaflet” published by an
“unknown man” constituted such a
danger.

63. Government Excess & ThreatsGovernment Excess & Threats
to the Civil Liberties ofto the Civil Liberties of
AmericansAmericans
5. Post-war labor unrest:
 Coal Miners Strike of
1919.
 Steel Strike of 1919.
 Boston Police Strike of
1919.

64. Anti-LaborAnti-Labor
““If Capital & Labor Don’t Pull Together”If Capital & Labor Don’t Pull Together”
–– Chicago TribuneChicago Tribune

65. Consequences of LaborUnrestConsequences of LaborUnrest
““While We Rock the Boat” –While We Rock the Boat” – Washington TimesWashington Times

66. Coal Miners’ Strike - 1919Coal Miners’ Strike - 1919
““Keeping Warm” –Keeping Warm” – Los Angeles TimesLos Angeles Times

67. Steel Strike - 1919Steel Strike - 1919
““Coming Out of the Smoke” –Coming Out of the Smoke” – New York WorldNew York World

68. The “Red Scare”The “Red Scare”
““What a Year Has Brought Forth” –What a Year Has Brought Forth” – NY WorldNY World

69. ““Red Scare” -- Anti-Red Scare” -- Anti-
BolshevismBolshevism
““Put Them Out & Keep Them Out” –Put Them Out & Keep Them Out” –
Philadelphia InquirerPhiladelphia Inquirer

70. Boston Police Strike - 1919Boston Police Strike - 1919
““He gives aid & comfort to the enemies ofHe gives aid & comfort to the enemies of
society” –society” – Chicago TribuneChicago Tribune

71. Boston Police Strike - 1919Boston Police Strike - 1919
““Striking Back” –Striking Back” – New York Evening WorldNew York Evening World

72. Government Excess & ThreatsGovernment Excess & Threats
to the Civil Liberties ofto the Civil Liberties of
AmericansAmericans
 1919 - 3rd
. International
goal --> promote worldwide
communism.
 Attorney General, A. Mitchell Palmer
(The Case Against the Reds)
 Palmer Raids - 1920
6. “The Red Scare”:

73. Congressman VictorBergerCongressman VictorBerger
(WI)(WI)
You got nothing out of the war except the
flu and Prohibition.

74. Police Arrest “Suspected Reds’ in Chicago, 1920Police Arrest “Suspected Reds’ in Chicago, 1920
““RedRed Scare” – PalmerRaidsScare” – PalmerRaids

75. ““RedRed Scare” – PalmerRaidsScare” – PalmerRaids
A. Mitchell Palmer’s Home Bombed, 1920A. Mitchell Palmer’s Home Bombed, 1920

76. The 1920 ElectionThe 1920 Election