This document provides guidance on essay writing structure and types of essays. It explains that an essay has three main parts: an introduction, body, and conclusion. The introduction presents the topic and thesis. The body paragraphs develop the topic and support the thesis with evidence. The conclusion restates the thesis and main ideas. It also describes common essay types like descriptive, narrative, cause and effect, compare and contrast, process, expository, and persuasive essays. Each type has a distinct purpose and organizational structure.

1. HOW TO EXPAND AND EXPLAIN
YOUR IDEAS EFFECTIVELY.
COMPILED BY MADIOPE J.M

2. • What is an Essay?
• The Structure of an Essay
• Types of essays

3. • In essay writing, we want to expand our ideas as much as
possible, while STILL following paragraph structure.
• The only difference is that the THREE REASONS in your
original paragraph get their OWN paragraph
• Additionally, you introduce and conclude your writing into
separate paragraphs
• THIS MEANS YOU ARE WRITING
FIVE PARAGRAPHS

4. Did you say
FIVE
paragraphs?

5. • The main purpose of any essay is to
discuss, persuade, describe, explain,
interpret or analyse a particular topic.

6. • The Introduction: Explains the topic with general ideas. It
also has the thesis statement and comes at or near the
end of the paragraph.
• The Main body: Explain and support the thesis
statement.
• The conclusion: Summarises or restates the thesis and
the supporting ideas of the essay.
Taken from: Academic Writing from Paragraph to Essay, Zemach, D. & Rumisek, L. Macmillan 2005

7. •
•
•
•
An essay has three main parts:
An introduction (introductory paragraph)
A body (at least one, but usually more paragraphs)
A conclusion (concluding paragraph)

9.  An introductory paragraph has 2 parts:
• General statement
Introduce the general topic of the essay.
Capture the reader’s interest.
• Thesis statement
States the specific topic.
May list subtopics or subdivisions.
May indicate the pattern of organization.
Is normally the last sentence in the introductory paragraph.

10.  The body paragraphs are used to:
• Develop your topic.
• Prove your points.
 The body paragraph should have:
• Some sort of pattern (chronological order or
comparison/contrast, or a combination of both)
• A logical division of ideas (division into subtopics and
discussion of these subtopics in separate paragraphs)

11. • The conclusion is the final paragraph
in an essay. It has three purposes:
• It signals the end of the essay.
• It reminds the reader of your main points. You can do this
in two ways:
• Summarize your subtopics.
• Paraphrase your thesis.
• It leaves the reader with your final thoughts on the topic.

12. Types
of
Essay
•Descriptive
•Narrative
•Cause and Effect
•Compare and Contrast
•Process
•Expository
•Persuasive/Argumentative

13. Descriptive Essay
o provides details about how something looks,
feels, tastes, smells, makes one feel, or sounds
o describe what something is, or how something
happened
o could be a list-like description that provides point
by point details

15. Narrative Essay
o tells a story
o conversational in style, and tells of a personal
experience
o commonly written in the first person (uses I)
o tell of a single, life-shaping event, or simply a
mundane daily experience

16. Cause and Effect Essay
o explains why or how some event happened, and what
resulted from the event
o a study of the relationship between two or more events or
experiences
o discuss both causes and effects, or it could simply
address one or the other
o discuss the reasons why something happened
o discuss what happens after a specific event or
circumstance

19. Compare and Contrast Essay
o discusses the similarities and differences between two
things, people, concepts, places, etc
o be written simply to entertain the reader, or to arrive at an
insight into human nature
o could discuss both similarities and differences, or it could
just focus on one or the other
o A comparison essay usually discusses the similarities
between two things, while the contrast essay discusses
the differences

20. Process Essay
• describes how something is done
• explains actions that should be performed in a
series
• explain in detail how to accomplish a specific
task
• could be in
instructions,
the
form
of
step-by-step

21. Expository Essay
• explanation of a short theme, idea or issue
• try to pin down the meaning of a specific
word, or define an abstract concept
• to present, completely and fairly, other people's
views or to report about an event or a situation
• presents a subject in detail, apart
criticism, argument, or development
from

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• http://www.slideshare.net/edibrata/essay-writing-5th-types-ofessay?qid=48f2266a-d77e-4b25-812139177edaae27&v=qf1&b=&from_search=3
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