The document provides an overview of Chinese literature and history from ancient dynasties to modern times. It summarizes the major dynasties that ruled China from 1766 BCE to 1911 CE. It also describes the main philosophies of Taoism, Buddhism, and Confucianism that influenced Chinese culture. The document outlines some of China's prominent literary works across genres like poetry, prose, fiction, drama, and opera.
This Powerpoint presentation speaks of the different countries in the East Asia and their corresponding History of their oral and written works of Literature.
This Powerpoint presentation speaks of the different countries in the East Asia and their corresponding History of their oral and written works of Literature.
I hope that this power point could help a lot of students and I spent a lot of time about this, it is the cause why my eyes are always dropping tears. Instead making a power point about chinese literature, I offer this ppt and make some edit of it.
The history of Korean literature, Dating back in the Early days of the Goryeo period till the fall of Joseon. The literature of modern Korea, and the explanation of different Korean forms of writing.
I hope that this power point could help a lot of students and I spent a lot of time about this, it is the cause why my eyes are always dropping tears. Instead making a power point about chinese literature, I offer this ppt and make some edit of it.
The history of Korean literature, Dating back in the Early days of the Goryeo period till the fall of Joseon. The literature of modern Korea, and the explanation of different Korean forms of writing.
History and Literature of China during the Dynastic Period
Contents:
Introduction (Facts, Geography and Writing)
History of China (Ancient History)
History of China (Dynastic Period 1600 BCE-1911 CE)
Greatest Philosophers
Religion
Chinese Literature (Dynastic Period)
Sample Literary Piece of the Period
History of China (Modern Period)
Chinese Literature (Modern Period)
Sample Literary Piece of the Period
THE HISTORY OF CHINA, as documented in ancient writings, dates back some 3,300 years. Modern archaeological studies provide evidence of still more ancient origins in a culture that flourished between 2500 and 2000 B.C. in what is now central China and the lower Huang He (Yellow River) Valley of north China. Centuries of migration, amalgamation, and development brought about a distinctive system of writing, philosophy, art, and political organization that came to be recognizable as Chinese civilization. What makes the civilization unique in world history is its continuity through over 4,000 years to the present century.
The Chinese have developed a strong sense of their real and mythological origins and have kept voluminous records since very early times. It is largely as a result of these records that knowledge concerning the ancient past, not only of China but also of its neighbors, has survived.
Chinese history, until the twentieth century, was written mostly by members of the ruling scholar-official class and was meant to provide the ruler with precedents to guide or justify his policies. These accounts focused on dynastic politics and colorful court histories and included developments among the commoners only as backdrops. The historians described a Chinese political pattern of dynasties, one following another in a cycle of ascent, achievement, decay, and rebirth under a new family.
Of the consistent traits identified by independent historians, a salient one has been the capacity of the Chinese to absorb the people of surrounding areas into their own civilization. Their success can be attributed to the superiority of their ideographic written language, their technology, and their political institutions; the refinement of their artistic and intellectual creativity; and the sheer weight of their numbers. The process of assimilation continued over the centuries through conquest and colonization until what is now known as China Proper was brought under unified rule. The Chinese also left an enduring mark on people beyond their borders, especially the Koreans, Japanese, and Vietnamese.
1. Brief history of the country
China's history is rich with art, politics, science, and philosophy. It is home to the oldest of the major world civilizations. China was ruled by various dynasties for much of its history. The first dynasty is believed to be the Xia dynasty which formed somewhere around 2250 BC. The Shang or Yin dynasty gained power around the 14th century BC. The Han Dynasty, which lasted over 400 years from 206 BC to 220 AD, was one of the most influential in China's history. Much of the culture today was created during the Han Dynasty. Later famous dynasties, like the Song and the Tang, continued to refine the culture and bring new innovations to the world including printed money, a permanent navy, and a complex government that ruled over 100 million people.
Dynasties of China
The Xia Dynasty (2070–1600 BC) The Xia dynasty was founded by Yu the Great (c. 2123-2025 BC), known for developing a flood control technique that stopped the Great Flood that ravaged farmer's crops for generations. Very little is known about this dynasty and scholars believe it to be mythical or quasi-legendary
The Shang Dynasty (1600–1046 BC)
The Shang dynasty is the earliest recorded Chinese dynasty supported by archaeological evidence. 31 kings ruled much of the area along the Yellow River and made great advances in maths, astronomy and art. They used a highly developed calendar system and an early form of modern Chinese language.
The Zhou Dynasty (1045-221 BC)
The Zhou dynasty was the longest dynasty in the history of China, ruling for almost 8 centuries. The Zhous saw some of the greatest Chinese philosophers and poets: Lao-Tzu, Tao Chien, Confucius, Mencius, Mo Ti and the military strategist Sun-tzu.
Qin Dynasty (221–206 BC)
The Qin Dynasty was the first to unite China as a country under an emperor instead of a ruling clan, which meant the beginning of China's feudal era.The Qin Dynasty was the shortest dynasty in China, lasting only 15 years.
The First Emperor — Qin Shi Huang was first to use the title of emperor in China.
Qing Shi Huang standardized units of weight and measurements, as well as the writing system.
Great building projects, such as the Great Wall and the Terracotta Army were built in this era.
The Han Dynasty (206 BC – 220 AD)
The Han Dynasty was one of the most powerful, prosperous, and important dynasties in China's history. Confucianism was elevated to orthodox status and Taoism, China's local religion, arose. Cai Lun improved the technique of paper making, Zhang Heng invented a seismograph that could measure earthquakes.
Wei, Jin, and the Southern and Northern Dynasties (220–581)
The Three Kingdoms (220-265), Jin Dynasty (265-420), Period of the Northern and Southern Dynasties (386-589) is one of the most important periods in Chinese history. Dan meets up with Total War: Three Kingdoms game developers to discuss fact and fiction within gaming narratives.
The Sui Dynasty (581–618)
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4. The name CHINA is derived from the
name CH’IN or QIN dynasty that ruled China
in ancient times.
OTHER NAME: The People's Republic of China
AREA: 9,600,000 sq. km
POPULATION: 1.3 billion (as of 2004)
NATIONAL FLAG: Five-Stars-Red-Flag
LOCATION: middle and East Asia, bounded on
the east by the Pacific Ocean
OVERVIEW
7. TIMELINE
1766-1050 BCE SHANG DYNASTY
1050-256 BCE CHOU DYNASTY
221-206 BCE CH’IN OR QIN DYNASTY
202-20 BCE HAN DYNASTY
581-618 BCE SUI DYNASTY
618-907 BCE TANG DYNASTY
960-1127 SUNG DYNASTY
1271-1368 YUAN DYNASTY
1368-1644 MING DYNASTY
1644-1911 CHING/QING/MANCHU DYNASTY
1911-1949 THE REPUBLIC OF CHINA
1949-present PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
DYNASTIC CYLCLE
8. SHANG DYNASTY:
Emperor Tang
• The first historical dynasty
• The dynasty contributed a number of achievementsto
civilization. (e.g. bronze metalworks)
• Chinesewritten languagewas another achievement.
• Developed calendar system thathad 360 days and 12
months.
• Slavery was practiced during this dynasty.
10. CH’IN OR QINDYNASTY:Shih Huang-ti
• Shortest dynasty
• Promoted unificationand centralization of
government.
• ShihHuang-ti orderedmass killingof scholars
and the burningof books,especially those that
dealt with Confucianism.
11. HAN DYNASTY
• Expandedthe Chinese Empire
• It used Confucianismas the philosophical basis ofthe
empire.
• Conducting of Civil Service Examinations
• Buddhismwas introduced.
• During this dynasty, China continued toadvance
culturallyand technologically.
12. SUI DYNASTY:
Emperor Wen
• Northern and Southerndynasties were
united.
• The dynasty endedrevolts,assassinations,
andthe people’sangertowards oppressive
imperialmeasures.
13. TANG DYNASTY:
• Territorial expansion.
• Buddhismtemporarilysuppressed.
• CivilService examinations basedonConfucianism.
• Age of great achievementsin poetry, sculptureand
painting.
• Invention of magnetic compass and gunpowder
14. SUNG DYNASTY
• Arts and culture continued to prosper.
• China’s economy improved
• Confucius’ books became widely known
15. YUAN DYNASTY: foreign rulers
• Mongol Dynasty foundedby Kublai
Khan.
•Growingcontact with the west.
•Confucianideals discouraged.
16. MING DYNASTY:
• The lastdynasty under indigenous Chinese rule.
• Mongolsexpelled.
• Confucianism,civilservice examinations reestablished.
• Contactwith Europeantraders, missionariesexpanded.
Porcelain(famous Ming vases), architecture, the novel
and drama flourish.
17. PEOPLE OF CHINA
• CHINESEHAN PEOPLE- With a
populationof 1159.4 million,the
Han Chinese can be foundin
almost every part of China.
• 55 MINORITIESIN CHINA-are
distributed extensively
throughoutdifferentregions of
China.
18. LANGUAGE IN CHINA
• Many dialectsare spoken in
China, but Mandarinisthe
most widely spoken
• 70% of the people in China
speak it
• It isthe most widely spoken
languagein the world (100
millionpeople speak it
worldwide
19. Facts about the Chinese Language
• It is nonphonetic-thewrittenform gives no
clues to its pronunciation
• There are over 20,000 differentcharacters
• There are four major tonesand a “toneless”
pitch used. The meaningof a word can
change depending on thetone
• They use a base-tennumber system (terms
for 1 to 10; 11 would be “ten one”)
20. EDUCATION IN CHINA
• China’s literacy rate: (age
15+ who can read and
write)
total population: 91.6%
male:95.7%
female: 87.6%
23. Taoism :LAO TZU
• Daoism
• It can be roughly translated into Englishas “path”, or “theway”
• It is basically indefinable.
• It has to be experienced.
• It refers to a power which envelops, surrounds and flows throughall
things,living and non-living.
• The Tao regulatesnatural processes and nourishes balancein the
Universe.
24. Buddhism :SIDDHARTHA GAUTAMA
• “Teachingof the awakenedone”
• Buddhism traveled from India during
the Han dynasty
• It is estimatedthatthere are between
280 millionto 350 million Buddhists.
It is theworld’s fifthlargest religion.
• 20-25% of China’s population is
Buddhist
25.
26. Confucianism : CONFUCIUS
• Developed from theteachingof
Confucius
• System of moral, social, political
and religious thought
• Greatly influencedChina up until
the 21st century
• It is an ethicalbelief system
rather thana religion, and is
based upon the concept of
relationships
27. Foundations of Confucianism
Three Principles: (三纲)
Theking is the master of the minister; the
husband isthe masterof the wife;the fatheris the
master ofthe son. These threerelationships
representall the relationshipsin ahighly
hierarchicalsociety.
33. • Chinese Literature is extensive because it
includesevery form of writing
o Books of history
o Politicaland philosophical disquisitions
o talesof marvels
oPlays
LITERATURE
34. ANALECTS – collection of Confucius’ or Kung-fu-tze’steachings
- are masterpieces of serenity and
insights
LITERATURE
36. POETRY
• Poetry became China’s
major literary achievement.
• The Chinese poets
celebrated the delights of
nature and pleasures
37. Li Po or Li Tai-Po
• China’s most popularmaster
• He did not live long enough
becausehe was drowned while
attempting to finish “The Moon
in the YellowRiver”
39. 春望
国破山河在
城春草木深
感时花溅泪
恨别鸟惊心
烽火连三月
家书抵万金
白头搔更短
浑欲不胜簪
The country is broken, though hills and rivers
remain,
In the city in spring, grass and trees are thick.
Moved by the moment, a flower's splashed with
tears,
Mourning parting, a bird startles the heart.
The beacon fires have joined for three months
now,
Family letters are worth ten thousand pieces.
I scratch my head, its white hairs growing thinner,
And barely able now to hold a hairpin.
40. The most importantpoeticwork produced
during the classical periodwas the Shih
Ching(Book of Poetry), an anthologyof
ancientpoems writtenin four-word verses
and composed mostly between the 10th
and the 7th centuries BC.
SHIH CHING (SHI JING) 诗经
41. PROSE
From the 6th to the 3d century
BC, the first great works of
Chinese philosophyappeared.
Philosophicalwritings, e.g.
ConfuciusAnalects
Historical writings:oneof the
representative works is Shi Ji
(RecordsofHistory史记), by
SimaQian司马迁 (145-90
BC)
42. ShiJihas 103 articleswith more
than 50,000 Chinese
characters.
44. • Thisopera was extremely popular in theQing
Dynasty court
• It uses a combinationof stylized actions like
singing,dancing,dialogue and acrobatic
fightingto tell a story or present different
characters and their happiness, anger, sorrow,
surprise, fear and sadness.
DRAMA AND OPERA
45. FICTIONS AND NOVELS
Four great classical novels:
Journey to the West
Dream on Red Chamber
Romance of Three Kingdoms
Water Margin