A presentation to create awareness to the public about hypertension

2. OUTLINE
Slide 2
❑ Introduction
❑ Definition
❑ Hypertension Signs & Symptoms
❑ Risk Factors
❑ Complications
❑ Prevention
❑ Treatment Options
❑ Conclusion

3. Introduction
Slide 3
Today is World Hypertension Day,
The theme is:
“Measure Your Blood Pressure Accurately,
Control It, Live Longer, focusing on
combatting low awareness rates
worldwide”

4. Slide 4
Hypertension is a medical condition when the
force of blood against the artery wall ( BLOOD
PRESSURE ) is too high (above 140/90mmHg or
more). It is common but can be serious if
untreated.
CLASSIFICATION
• Essential hypertension
• Non- essential hypertension
STAGES OF HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE
• Stage one 130-139/89
• Stage two 140 and above /90 and above
• Hypertension crisis : above 180/above 120
Definition of Hypertension
Hypertension is a common non
communicable disease and a major
cause of premature death worldwide.
It is estimated that 1.28 billion adults
aged 30-79 years worldwide have
hypertension, most two-thirds living in
low-and middle income countries like
ours!

5. Slide 5
Signs & Symptoms of Hypertension
Headache
Chest
pain
Dizziness
Difficulty
Breathing
Nausea &
Vomiting

6. Slide 6
Signs & Symptoms of Hypertension
Blurred
Vision or
other
Vision
Changes,
Anxiety Confusion
Ringing
in the
Ears
Nose
Bleeds
Abnormal
Heart
Rhythm

7. Slide 7
Complications
• Chest pain
o also angina;
• Heart attack
o Occurs when the blood supply to the heart is blocked and heart muscle cells is
damaged from lack of oxygen. The longer the blood flow is blocked, the greater
the damage to the heart;
• Heart failure
o Occurs when the heart cannot pump enough blood and oxygen to other vital body
organs; and
• Irregular heartbeat
o Can lead to A sudden death.
• Burst or block arteries
o Can also that supply blood and oxygen to the brain, causing a stroke.
• Kidney failure

8. Slide 8
Risk Factors
▪ Old Age
▪ Lack of exercise
▪ Alcohol & smoking
▪ Overweight or obesity
▪ Genetics
▪ High salt diet
▪ Race – more in Africans than American
▪ Elevated serum cholesterol
▪ Glucose intolerance
▪ Stress
Lifestyle changes:
for modifiable risk –avoid unhealthy diets e.g., too
much salt, avoid excess fat, in-activity, consumption
of tobacco & alcohol and low intake of fruits and
vegetable.
For-non modifiable risk:
Family Hx of hypertension, age over 65yrs and co-
existing diseases such as DM, Kidney dx

9. Slide 9
Prevention
Eat a healthy diet:
Eat more vegetables and
fruits.
Sit less; Keep
physically active &
exercise regularly
Keep a healthy
weight
Avoid smoking
Do not take illicit drugs.
Keep appointments with
your health care
professional.
Avoid too much salty
food (try to stay under
2 grams per day)
Avoid foods high in
saturated or trans
fats
Take medicines as
prescribed by your
health care professional.

10. Slide 10
Treatment Options
Adjustment & Dietary Management:
▪ Lifestyle moderation & changes in losing wt., eat healthy,
low salt, sufficient intake of potassium, magnesium, calcium,
vit C, being physically active, quit alcohol, tobacco and
caffeine
Relief of Stress
Healthy–lifestyle Counseling
Drugs:
▪ ACE inhibitors including enalapril and lisinopril relax blood
vessels and prevent kidney damage.
▪ Angiotensin-2 receptor blockers (ARBs) including losartan
and telmisartan relax blood vessels and prevent kidney
damage.
▪ Calcium channel blockers including amlodipine and
felodipine relax blood vessels.
▪ Diuretics including hydrochlorothiazide and chlorthalidone
eliminate extra water from the body, lowering blood
pressure.

11. Slide 11
Conclusion
Hypertension has been called the “silent killer”
because it usually produces no symptoms. It is
important, therefore, for anyone with risk factors or no
risk to have their blood pressure checked regularly at
least once every week and to make appropriate
lifestyle changes.
• Please consult your Doctor for any concerns
• At the site, please contact the clinic personnel
• At the corporate office you may also reach out to
the AGPC Sick Bay Nurse (Ngozi Ndimele)
AGPC
Clinic/ Sick Bay