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GENDER SENSITIZATION
INTRODUCTION TO GENDER, SEXUALITY RIGHTS AND
PATRIARCHY
By Sanjukta Basu
Writer. Photographer.
Feminist Researcher.
REVERSE THE GENDER, IMAGINE THE SPACE Fisher men in Puri sea
beach
REVERSE THE GENDER, IMAGINE
THE SPACE
Mall Road, Manali
REVERSE THE GENDER,
IMAGINE THE SPACE
Women’s rightful place? A
kitchen at a village home
in Bihar
SEX AND GENDER – WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE
•Biological Signs
•Determines physical
appearance and capabilities
•Social Constructs
•Determines social roles and
responsibility, limits our
choices
•Determines what is masculinity
and feminity
•Determines what is good and
bad
•Determines our identity and
fate
GENDER IS ABOUT POWER
A Ladakhi kitchen where
the man, head of family,
sits away from women
folks, closer to the guests
MASCULINITY TO FEMINITY IS A SPECTRUM
In April 2015, Supreme Court of India affirmed the constitutional rights and freedoms
of transgender persons, including those who identify as third gender and those who
identify in a gender opposite to their biological sex, i.e., persons, assigned female sex
at birth, identifying as male and vice-versa. By this Court has broken the binary gender
construct of ‘man’ and ‘woman’.
“It is the right of every human being to choose their gender”
~Supreme Court
National Legal Services Authority v. Union of India & Ors. [Writ
Petition (Civil) No. 400 of 2012 (‘NALSA’)]
“One is not born, but
rather becomes, a
woman”
“If we believe men
are innately
aggressive and
violence there is little
chance of change”
Simone de Beauvoir
The Second Sex (1949)
“We've begun to raise
daughters more like
sons... but few have the
courage to raise our sons
more like our daughters.”
Gayle Rubin
The Traffic in Women:
Notes on the 'Political
Economy' of Sex
(1975)
Gloria Steinem
My Life on the Road (2015)
Outrageous Acts and
Everyday Rebellions (1995)
PATRIARCHY
A social system where
power lies in male head of
family. A family and
society based upon
gender, age and caste
hierarchy
In the film Mrityudand (1997) Madhuri Dixit and Shabana Azmi play sisters-in-law
(bahu) of a patriarchal, patrilocal family. In a particular scene where Shabana was
visibly pregnant, Madhuri surprisingly asked, “yeh kiska hai?”
Shabana replied, “Mera”
FROM HUNTING GATHERING  AGRICULTURE  PRIVATE
PROPERTY  INDUSTRIALIZATION
•Primitive society more egalitarian –
simple division of labour and common
property
•Emergence of private property and
man’s need to own and control it -
World historic defeat of the female
sex
•Agriculture needed labour –control of
women’s reproductive potential
•Brahminical Patriarchy led to caste
based society, ownership of land,
‘purity’ of blood – control of women’s
sexuality and reproductive rights
•Industrialization gave way to sexual
division of labour – gender
segregation of space as private and
public space
•The Origin of the Family,
Private Property and the
State (1886) by Friedrich
Engels
•The Creation of Patriarchy
(1986) by Gerda Lerner
•Gender and Caste Through
Feminist Lens (1994) by
Uma Chakravarti
GENDER SEGREGATION OF SPACES
HAPPEN AT ALL LEVELS
Boat in river ganges
PUSH THE BOUNDARIES,
CHALLENGE THE RULES,
RECLAIM OUR SPACE
Out of hundreds of
boatmen in the river
ganges in Varanasi, this
brave girl is the only
female ‘Boatman’

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Workshop on Gender Awareness at Ramanujan College, Delhi University

  • 1. GENDER SENSITIZATION INTRODUCTION TO GENDER, SEXUALITY RIGHTS AND PATRIARCHY By Sanjukta Basu Writer. Photographer. Feminist Researcher.
  • 2. REVERSE THE GENDER, IMAGINE THE SPACE Fisher men in Puri sea beach
  • 3. REVERSE THE GENDER, IMAGINE THE SPACE Mall Road, Manali
  • 4. REVERSE THE GENDER, IMAGINE THE SPACE Women’s rightful place? A kitchen at a village home in Bihar
  • 5. SEX AND GENDER – WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE •Biological Signs •Determines physical appearance and capabilities •Social Constructs •Determines social roles and responsibility, limits our choices •Determines what is masculinity and feminity •Determines what is good and bad •Determines our identity and fate
  • 6. GENDER IS ABOUT POWER A Ladakhi kitchen where the man, head of family, sits away from women folks, closer to the guests
  • 7. MASCULINITY TO FEMINITY IS A SPECTRUM In April 2015, Supreme Court of India affirmed the constitutional rights and freedoms of transgender persons, including those who identify as third gender and those who identify in a gender opposite to their biological sex, i.e., persons, assigned female sex at birth, identifying as male and vice-versa. By this Court has broken the binary gender construct of ‘man’ and ‘woman’. “It is the right of every human being to choose their gender” ~Supreme Court National Legal Services Authority v. Union of India & Ors. [Writ Petition (Civil) No. 400 of 2012 (‘NALSA’)]
  • 8. “One is not born, but rather becomes, a woman” “If we believe men are innately aggressive and violence there is little chance of change” Simone de Beauvoir The Second Sex (1949) “We've begun to raise daughters more like sons... but few have the courage to raise our sons more like our daughters.” Gayle Rubin The Traffic in Women: Notes on the 'Political Economy' of Sex (1975) Gloria Steinem My Life on the Road (2015) Outrageous Acts and Everyday Rebellions (1995)
  • 9. PATRIARCHY A social system where power lies in male head of family. A family and society based upon gender, age and caste hierarchy In the film Mrityudand (1997) Madhuri Dixit and Shabana Azmi play sisters-in-law (bahu) of a patriarchal, patrilocal family. In a particular scene where Shabana was visibly pregnant, Madhuri surprisingly asked, “yeh kiska hai?” Shabana replied, “Mera”
  • 10. FROM HUNTING GATHERING  AGRICULTURE  PRIVATE PROPERTY  INDUSTRIALIZATION •Primitive society more egalitarian – simple division of labour and common property •Emergence of private property and man’s need to own and control it - World historic defeat of the female sex •Agriculture needed labour –control of women’s reproductive potential •Brahminical Patriarchy led to caste based society, ownership of land, ‘purity’ of blood – control of women’s sexuality and reproductive rights •Industrialization gave way to sexual division of labour – gender segregation of space as private and public space •The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State (1886) by Friedrich Engels •The Creation of Patriarchy (1986) by Gerda Lerner •Gender and Caste Through Feminist Lens (1994) by Uma Chakravarti
  • 11. GENDER SEGREGATION OF SPACES HAPPEN AT ALL LEVELS Boat in river ganges
  • 12. PUSH THE BOUNDARIES, CHALLENGE THE RULES, RECLAIM OUR SPACE Out of hundreds of boatmen in the river ganges in Varanasi, this brave girl is the only female ‘Boatman’