Feminism by vijay singh

1. FEMINISM
BY VIJAY KUMAR (sem-6) history
BY VIJAY KUMAR (sem-6) history
Roll.No.-305
Roll.No.-305

2. What is feminism?
What is feminism?
# No one all encompassing definition.
# Gender seen as a crucial determining factor in
our social experience.
# Women and men were seen as fundamentally
different and these ‘natural differences could not
be altered’.
# No one all encompassing definition.
# Gender seen as a crucial determining factor in
our social experience.
# Women and men were seen as fundamentally
different and these ‘natural differences could not
be altered’.

3. What is feminism?
What is feminism?
 Feminism may be seen as the greatest social force in the 20th
Century, but it can be traced back to earlier times.
Feminism may be seen as the greatest social force in the 20th
Century, but it can be traced back to earlier times.
 Common for feminism to be divided into 3 waves
Common for feminism to be divided into 3 waves
 Seen as encompassing different periods of time, seeking
different agendas and utilizing different strategies
Seen as encompassing different periods of time, seeking
different agendas and utilizing different strategies

4. 1st Wave
1st Wave
# Term coined retrospectively after
# 2nd Wave was in common usage
# Activity at beginning of 19th Century and into 1st few
decades of 20th Century. Existed across Europe, North
America, Australia, NZ, India, China Iran and many more.
# In Western societies focused on suffrage, women’s rights
to own property and have control over their children
# Term coined retrospectively after
# 2nd Wave was in common usage
# Activity at beginning of 19th Century and into 1st few
decades of 20th Century. Existed across Europe, North
America, Australia, NZ, India, China Iran and many more.
# In Western societies focused on suffrage, women’s rights
to own property and have control over their children

5. 2nd Wave
2nd Wave
# Activities beginning in the 1960s –
1980s.
# Focus - economic equality to equality
of treatment in the workplace and society.
# Some major campaigns – equal pay,
equal opportunities in work and education,
legal abortion and later against male
violence.
# Activities beginning in the 1960s –
1980s.
# Focus - economic equality to equality
of treatment in the workplace and society.
# Some major campaigns – equal pay,
equal opportunities in work and education,
legal abortion and later against male
violence.

6. 3rd Wave
3rd Wave
# 1990s post structuralist ideas – such as
sex and gender, transgender politics and
antiracist
# 1990s post structuralist ideas – such as
sex and gender, transgender politics and
antiracist
# Celebrates women’s abilities, allows
women to seek to be feminine if they
chose to express themselves politically,
culturally, sexually, diversity.
# Celebrates women’s abilities, allows
women to seek to be feminine if they
chose to express themselves politically,
culturally, sexually, diversity.

7. 3rd Wave
3rd Wave
# Criticism – absence of single cause
however the other waves were not
unicausal.
# Criticism – absence of single cause
however the other waves were not
unicausal.
# Feminism for those who have grown up
with feminism, who may not realise the
benefits they enjoy from the struggles of
earlier waves.
# Feminism for those who have grown up
with feminism, who may not realise the
benefits they enjoy from the struggles of
earlier waves.

8. 5 Strands of feminism:
5 Strands of feminism:
# Liberal feminism
#Radical feminism
# Marxist/socialist
feminism
# Black feminism
# Postmodern feminism
# Liberal feminism
#Radical feminism
# Marxist/socialist
feminism
# Black feminism
# Postmodern feminism
 Not all feminists fit into one category
Each strand outlines key tendencies but there are many
perspectives
Not all feminists fit into one category
Each strand outlines key tendencies but there are many
perspectives

9. Liberal feminism
Liberal feminism
# Argue that the treatment of women in
society violates justice, rationality,
citizenship, human rights, equality, and
democracy.
# Argue that the treatment of women in
society violates justice, rationality,
citizenship, human rights, equality, and
democracy.
# Much of the discrimination is informal
and based on custom, sexist
assumptions and prejudices – product of
gender conditioning.
# Much of the discrimination is informal
and based on custom, sexist
assumptions and prejudices – product of
gender conditioning.

10. Liberal feminism
Liberal feminism
# Advocate political action and reform – formal
legislative changes and educational strategies
to challenge stereotypes and prejudices
# Advocate political action and reform – formal
legislative changes and educational strategies
to challenge stereotypes and prejudices
# Need for economic changes to bring about
equality – child care costs and refuges for
those who experience domestic violence
# Need for positive role models ?
# Influence of celebrity culture?
# Need for economic changes to bring about
equality – child care costs and refuges for
those who experience domestic violence
# Need for positive role models ?
# Influence of celebrity culture?

11. Radical feminism
Radical feminism
# Associated with women’s
liberation movement 1960s.
# Associated with women’s
liberation movement 1960s.
# Argued the gender equality
is a form of social inequality.
# Argued the gender equality
is a form of social inequality.
# Millett argued that society
is patriarchal.
# Millett argued that society
is patriarchal.

12. Patriarchal
Patriarchal
# The rule of men over women
and of older men over younger
men
# The rule of men over women
and of older men over younger
men
# Concept provides an insight
into many aspects of women’s
lives
# Concept provides an insight
into many aspects of women’s
lives

13. Radical feminism
Radical feminism
Criticisms:
Criticisms:
# Some argue that identifying
men as oppressors and women
as exploited is misguided.
# Some argue that identifying
men as oppressors and women
as exploited is misguided.
# Others argue that putting
women as a universal group
masks women’s varied and
complex social reality.
# Others argue that putting
women as a universal group
masks women’s varied and
complex social reality.

14. Marxist feminism
Marxist feminism
# Marxist theory has a strong
emphasis on economic determinants
of social relationships and the links of
social class to inequality
# Oppression of women linked to
capitalist order
# Feminist theory - challenges the
invisibility of gender in sociological
theory
# Marxist theory has a strong
emphasis on economic determinants
of social relationships and the links of
social class to inequality
# Oppression of women linked to
capitalist order
# Feminist theory - challenges the
invisibility of gender in sociological
theory

15. Marxist feminism
Marxist feminism
Criticism:
Criticism:
# No account of female
oppression before capitalism.
# In class struggles women often
found.
# themselves in a secondary role,
with little change in relations
between male and female.
# No account of female
oppression before capitalism.
# In class struggles women often
found.
# themselves in a secondary role,
with little change in relations
between male and female.

16. Socialist feminism
Socialist feminism
Argue:
Argue:
# women’s oppression product of economic
needs of capitalism and patriarchal
gender theory which existed before
capitalism
# Family – household system controls
women’s access to paid employment
# Cost of childcare?
# women’s oppression product of economic
needs of capitalism and patriarchal
gender theory which existed before
capitalism
# Family – household system controls
women’s access to paid employment
# Cost of childcare?

17. Black feminism
Black feminism
 Ethnocentric key issues focus on white
feminism.
Ethnocentric key issues focus on white
feminism.

18. Postmodernism
Postmodernism
 A body of thought that suggests that it is misleading to make
universal claims about the world. Or to try to find one truth or
explanation about complex social relations.
A body of thought that suggests that it is misleading to make
universal claims about the world. Or to try to find one truth or
explanation about complex social relations.

19.  Pseudo feminism suggest that women deserve more
respect, or people of other genders do not deserve respect.
Pseudo feminism suggest that women deserve more
respect, or people of other genders do not deserve respect.
pseudo feminism
pseudo feminism

20.  In a 2014 report by the Delhi Commission of Women (DCW),
53.2% of the rape cases reported were false. And the
percentage is only rising as it leaps towards 90%. Fake cases
are on the rise in Indian courts.
In a 2014 report by the Delhi Commission of Women (DCW),
53.2% of the rape cases reported were false. And the
percentage is only rising as it leaps towards 90%. Fake cases
are on the rise in Indian courts.
pseudo feminism
pseudo feminism

21. THANK YOU 🙏
THANK YOU 🙏