Women, the world's most valuable human resource, are the foundations of global economy.The low representation of women in the Science and Technolgy field is a social and economic concern.
The Kelly Global Workforce Index (KGWI) is an annual global survey that is the largest study of its kind. In 2015, Kelly collected feedback from 164,000 workers across 28 countries across the Americas, EMEA, and APAC regions and a multitude of industries and occupations.
This study is taking a high level look at:
- Work-Life Design as it pertains to the global worker today.
- Women in STEM Talent Gap - a study that at the gap of women talent in STEM – Science, Technology, Engineering and Math – fields.
- Career Management – specifically the emerging trend of do-it-yourself (“DIY”) career development – as it pertains to the global worker seeking to be as resilient as possible in today’s uncertain environment
- Collaborative Work Environment as it pertains to the global worker today.
Here is our second global report on the topic Women in STEM.
This deck reviews the state of play in the STEM industry and provides insight on how to fix a skills shortage by making a more welcoming working environment for women.
Science and technology are fundamental factors in the growth and development of every society. Strong STEM (science, technology, engineering and math) education is vital to students’ success in an increasingly technological and global economy. It is a critical building block for exploration, innovation, and the economy, and the catalyst to attack problems affecting the world… and it is a catalyst for jobs. The under-representation of women in STEM fields is a potentially massive loss economically.
Women In STEM/ Women In Engineering/ STEM Barriers and Solutions/ Need for Wo...Mehak Azeem
This fantastic artistic PowerPoint presentation was presented to IEEE MEA Engineering College Student Branch, India. In this presentation, I covered concepts of STEM, reasons to have women in STEM, Why STEM fro girls, barriers and solution, STEM pipeline, facts, and fiction for girls in STEM. I believe this presentation is full of encouragement for girls to choose STEM as their career and profession, figure out fictions for girls in STEM.
Special thanks to expert and my IEEE mentor Muhammad Mairaj Ul Haque for helping me.
For any information and assistance:
[haq.mairaj@hotmail.com] [mehakazeem@ieee.org]
Why we all need women in tech. Despite of presence and contribution women has made in the industry, the numbers are staggering. This presentation by Vinita Rathi, Director Women Who Code London Chapter, Co-Founder Systango & CodePunt at Digibury Weekender talks about contribution gender diversity can make to the growth of the organisation, how and what women are good at, how motherhood can be boon for the firms they are working at and what can we be done to change.
This presentation focuses on women in engineering majors, the challenges they face, and what can be done to encourage more women to enter engineering programs.
Women have long participated in work, but their roles changed with industrialization. In colonial America, gender roles were more fluid and work was shared. The industrial era separated work and home, reducing women's social visibility. Today, over half of women work for pay, though gender biases still exist. Women face wage gaps, occupational segregation, challenges balancing work and family, and pressure from traditional gender roles. Individual choices and support systems can help maximize women's opportunities and well-being in the workplace.
The Kelly Global Workforce Index (KGWI) is an annual global survey that is the largest study of its kind. In 2015, Kelly collected feedback from 164,000 workers across 28 countries across the Americas, EMEA, and APAC regions and a multitude of industries and occupations.
This study is taking a high level look at:
- Work-Life Design as it pertains to the global worker today.
- Women in STEM Talent Gap - a study that at the gap of women talent in STEM – Science, Technology, Engineering and Math – fields.
- Career Management – specifically the emerging trend of do-it-yourself (“DIY”) career development – as it pertains to the global worker seeking to be as resilient as possible in today’s uncertain environment
- Collaborative Work Environment as it pertains to the global worker today.
Here is our second global report on the topic Women in STEM.
This deck reviews the state of play in the STEM industry and provides insight on how to fix a skills shortage by making a more welcoming working environment for women.
Science and technology are fundamental factors in the growth and development of every society. Strong STEM (science, technology, engineering and math) education is vital to students’ success in an increasingly technological and global economy. It is a critical building block for exploration, innovation, and the economy, and the catalyst to attack problems affecting the world… and it is a catalyst for jobs. The under-representation of women in STEM fields is a potentially massive loss economically.
Women In STEM/ Women In Engineering/ STEM Barriers and Solutions/ Need for Wo...Mehak Azeem
This fantastic artistic PowerPoint presentation was presented to IEEE MEA Engineering College Student Branch, India. In this presentation, I covered concepts of STEM, reasons to have women in STEM, Why STEM fro girls, barriers and solution, STEM pipeline, facts, and fiction for girls in STEM. I believe this presentation is full of encouragement for girls to choose STEM as their career and profession, figure out fictions for girls in STEM.
Special thanks to expert and my IEEE mentor Muhammad Mairaj Ul Haque for helping me.
For any information and assistance:
[haq.mairaj@hotmail.com] [mehakazeem@ieee.org]
Why we all need women in tech. Despite of presence and contribution women has made in the industry, the numbers are staggering. This presentation by Vinita Rathi, Director Women Who Code London Chapter, Co-Founder Systango & CodePunt at Digibury Weekender talks about contribution gender diversity can make to the growth of the organisation, how and what women are good at, how motherhood can be boon for the firms they are working at and what can we be done to change.
This presentation focuses on women in engineering majors, the challenges they face, and what can be done to encourage more women to enter engineering programs.
Women have long participated in work, but their roles changed with industrialization. In colonial America, gender roles were more fluid and work was shared. The industrial era separated work and home, reducing women's social visibility. Today, over half of women work for pay, though gender biases still exist. Women face wage gaps, occupational segregation, challenges balancing work and family, and pressure from traditional gender roles. Individual choices and support systems can help maximize women's opportunities and well-being in the workplace.
By: Camilla Bjørn, Isabelle Ringnes and Louise Fuchs.
It's not a secret that the technology industry is highly male dominated. Women account for less than 20 percent of leading tech positions at the majority of tech companies.
In this presentation we are talking about why more women in tech is a business case for everyone. We are also discussing which technologies are fueling the media industry and how tech-savvy you really have to be.
Here you can see the webcast from the whole Lean In seminar in Schibsted Media Group:
http://webtv.hegnar.no/presentation.php?webcastId=21337776
More about TENK: http://tenk-norge.com/
Although women graduate with degrees in engineering at an increasing rate, 1 in 4 stay in the field compared to 1 in 10 men. A look at the study to answer the question of why.
This document discusses initiatives to promote gender equality and women's empowerment in Pakistan. It notes that while the Pakistani constitution ensures equal rights, women's participation in development and the economy remains below potential due to social and cultural barriers. The government has established a 10% employment quota for women in public and private sectors, though currently only 5% of such jobs are held by women, most in health, education, and social services. The vision is for Pakistan to become a country where women enjoy equal rights and decision-making authority as men. The aim is to promote women's social, economic, and political empowerment at all levels through steps that respect Islamic teachings and the constitution.
Women In Engineering / STEM / ProfessionMehak Azeem
This artistic presentation is represented to you all as a result of my webinar at the IEEE Student Branch University of Jaffna, SriLanka. More than 200+ participants joined us globally. I have tried to represent my research work in my presentation graphically. Great thanks to my friend and IEEE mentor Muhammad Mairaj Ul Haque for helping me with the making of this beautiful presentation.
I believe this presentation has the best material to boost-up passions, courage and to enlighten the Women In Engineering with the facts and fictions.
For more information and assistance you can reach out: [mehakazeem@ieee.org] [haq.mairaj@hotmail.com]
Swe women and minorities in stem presentation (2)CierraDesmaratti
This presentation is about how to increase the diversity in terms of thought, gender, background, and creativity in the STEM field. There is a need for more women and underrepresented minorities and these slides delve into how we can support this groups in the education system.
Women are making gains in the workplace but still face discrimination. While more women now earn college degrees than men, they are paid less and face barriers to promotions. However, women are increasingly entering high-paying fields like healthcare, education and management. As these trends continue, households may come to rely less on male breadwinners and more on female income, shifting traditional workplace dynamics.
Gender Inequality is one of the most common topics given in presentations in schools and colleges. this ppt can be used to explain the content and analyze the causes of gender Inequality.
This document discusses gender inequality in Canada and around the world. It provides an overview of four theories of gender inequality: structural-functionalism, conflict theory, symbolic interactionism, and feminist theory. It then analyzes specific examples of structural sexism in areas like education, income, and the workplace. It also discusses cultural sexism and global variations in gender inequality. Statistics are presented on topics like women's representation in STEM fields and differences in high school graduation rates between males and females.
Women Gender Discrimination and Facts Tassawar Ali
This document discusses 5 facts about gender discrimination against women globally and in Pakistan. It defines gender discrimination as bias or actions taken against individuals based on their gender. Fact 1 states that women and girls are a neglected segment of society worldwide and face violence and discrimination with the main cause being poverty. Fact 3 discusses stereotyping men and women into traditional gender roles. Fact 4 notes that many impoverished women lack mobility, freedom and awareness of their rights. Fact 5 states that empowering women and girls increases development effectiveness in areas like economic growth and health. The response to the question provides that problems are opportunities in disguise and the solution is achieving gender equality through equal opportunities for women and men.
This document discusses gender inequality in India. It notes that gender inequality is deeply ingrained in society and difficult to eradicate. It provides examples of discrimination women face, such as notions that restrict their freedom and assumptions about their limitations. Statistics show that women have lower employment rates, higher mortality rates during childbirth, and make up a small percentage of national parliaments. While some policies aim to address issues, lack of awareness and proper implementation limit their effectiveness. Suggested solutions include improving access to education, legal protections, political participation, and changing social attitudes.
This document discusses women in science from an Indian perspective. It outlines challenges that women face in pursuing STEM careers such as cultural beliefs, stereotypes, and lack of role models. However, it also discusses efforts to encourage more women in science through initiatives like mentorship programs, scholarships, seminars by organizations like Miranda House and the Indian government. It concludes that while social and economic barriers still exist, the participation of women in science in India is increasing and parents/educators can help challenge stereotypes by promoting science as a viable career path for women.
A detailed Powerpoint Presentation that will enable you to understand the concept of women's empowerment in easy language and in the best possible way. I hope you will like it and kindly give your suggestion so that improvement can be made in this presentation.
The document discusses the gender wage gap, an international issue where women earn less than men. It provides context on perceptions of feminism among youth and definitions of relevant terms. Causes of the wage gap discussed include differences in education, occupations, and care responsibilities. International examples show how the wage gap impacts poverty. The role of organizations in promoting gender equality and empowering women is also examined.
This document discusses gender equality and its importance. It defines gender equality as access to rights and opportunities regardless of gender. Gender inequality is caused by factors like patriarchy, discrimination, and unequal pay/work. Examples of inequality include lack of access to education, travel rights, and political representation for women. Achieving gender equality is important for organizations, economic growth, family investment, and reducing child mortality. Ensuring equality requires empowering women through education, ending child marriage and violence against women, and increasing women's representation in leadership.
Gender inequality exists in education, employment, and income between men and women. Women face barriers including earning only 70 cents for every dollar a man earns, being discouraged from pursuing higher-paying fields, and shouldering a greater burden of unpaid domestic work and childcare. While progress has been made over the last 30 years from more women in the workforce and policies against wage discrimination, gender roles and societal expectations of women's traditional roles in the household and workplace still contribute to inequality today.
This document provides an introduction to key gender concepts. It defines gender and differentiates it from sex. Gender refers to socially constructed characteristics and roles of women and men, while sex refers to biological differences. The document outlines differences between gender and sex roles. It explores the relationship between gender and power. It also defines related terms like gender equality, equity, mainstreaming, empowerment, and analyzes approaches like gender-neutral, aware and transformative. The document discusses realities of gender disparities and potential gains from reducing them, such as increased agricultural outputs and reduced hunger. It compares Women in Development and Gender and Development approaches. Finally, it defines practical and strategic gender needs.
This document discusses the need for women's empowerment in India. It outlines several problems faced by women historically and currently, including gender discrimination, lack of education, female infanticide, dowry practices, child marriage, and various forms of violence and atrocities against women. Specific issues discussed include maternal mortality, malnutrition, trafficking, domestic violence, and sexual harassment. The document advocates for strategies like education, campaigns, networking and training to empower women and achieve a more just and equal society through collective efforts.
The document discusses gender discrimination and inequality in various contexts. It begins with quotes emphasizing the need to raise both sons and daughters with egalitarian values. It then discusses discrimination against women in India through unequal wages, sexual harassment, familial status discrimination, domestic violence, human trafficking, and state-sanctioned discriminatory laws. Politicians' statements reflecting patriarchal mindsets are also criticized. Theories on gender socialization and identity construction are outlined. International laws like CEDAW and EU principles that promote gender equality are mentioned. In summary, the document analyzes pervasive gender discrimination and inequality in India through different social, legal, economic, and political lenses.
It is often said that girls either are not interested in STEM subjects or are left out for various reasons. Some of this “common knowledge” is actually a myth – girls are interested in SOME STEM areas, such as biology, but not others, such as computer science. This session will take a deep dive into these myths and realities to discover what is really attractive to girls in elementary and secondary schools in STEM subjects.
Participants will learn about the Maker Movement and the potential to bring new tools and technology to K-12 classrooms to support hands-on learning across all grades and curriculum – but particularly STEM and STEAM. The implications of the Maker Movement are two-fold. One is that many of the technological inventions support areas that are of particular interest to girls, such as inventions that help people, sewable electronics, e-textiles, bio-materials, and community projects. The second is that the collaborative, tinkering nature of the Maker Movement dovetails with girls ability to work collaboratively and in a connected way. By exploring best practices from schools around the world that have successfully created strong STEM programs for girls, the participants in this session will be able to take away ideas and resources that will be of use in their own schools and districts.
(This was a session presented at ISTE 2015.)
(All citations can be found at http://sylviamartinez.com/girls-stem
The Impact of Technology on the Lives of Women and GirlsShireen Mitchell
1) The document discusses issues related to technology literacy and opportunities for women and girls. It highlights how technology exposure and visual cues can impact stereotypes.
2) Several pieces of legislation aimed at improving technology education and access for women/girls are mentioned, including the proposed Go Girl Act and current programs like Community Technology Centers.
3) The author calls for continued funding of educational programs, establishing a task force on women in technology, and increasing women's involvement in shaping technology policy and agendas.
This document summarizes key information from a UNESCO report on closing the gender gap in STEM fields. It finds that while STEM skills are important for development, women are underrepresented in these fields due to various sociocultural influences. The gender gap begins in secondary school performance and widens at higher levels of education and the labor market. UNESCO is working to address this issue through initiatives promoting gender equality in STEM and collecting data to inform policies aimed at drawing more girls and women into STEM studies and careers. The document outlines recommendations including reviewing education materials for gender bias, providing career counseling, role models, and scholarships for women in STEM.
Today, just one in three scientists is a woman. Achieving gender equality in science willbe essential if we are to address the complex global challenges we face, such as climatechange, biodiversity loss, extreme poverty and the need for ethical approaches to artificialintelligence. The complexities of the 21st century require multifaceted approaches andnew perspectives, making it imperative for both men and women to contribute to science.Despite some progress in recent decades, gender equality in science remains elusive,particularly in certain disciplines and countries.Lack of gender equality in science is not just a problem that affects women. It also limitsscientific progress and hamstrings a country’s development and its efforts to buildpeaceful societies [i]. Achieving gender equality in science is all the more necessarytoday as we witness backsliding in some countries with regard to equal access toeducation and knowledge as well as increased numbers of women scientists living inconflict and disaster-hit areas.This Call to Action is addressed to the global community: to policy-makers and decision-makers at the level of governments, universities, research and educational institutions,funding organizations, philanthropic organizations and the private sector.It is a call to ensure that girls are never discouraged from pursuing their aspirations tobecome scientists and to convey to them that such goals are indeed attainable. It is alsoa call to dismantle the barriers that hinder women from realizing their full potential inscience, in order to break the glass ceiling that prevents them from attaining leadershippositions in scientific systems across the world.This Call to Action builds on the insights and analyses that emerged from the GlobalForum on ‘The Future for Women and Girls in Science’ [ii] organized by UNESCO in June2023. It integrates contributions from a multitude of stakeholders, includingrepresentatives of international organizations, government institutions, non-governmentalorganizations and academia as well as from both the private and public sectors. Throughthese reflections, key challenges and factors have been identified, which form the basisfor the subsequent recommendations aimed at tackling the root causes of the gender gapin science
By: Camilla Bjørn, Isabelle Ringnes and Louise Fuchs.
It's not a secret that the technology industry is highly male dominated. Women account for less than 20 percent of leading tech positions at the majority of tech companies.
In this presentation we are talking about why more women in tech is a business case for everyone. We are also discussing which technologies are fueling the media industry and how tech-savvy you really have to be.
Here you can see the webcast from the whole Lean In seminar in Schibsted Media Group:
http://webtv.hegnar.no/presentation.php?webcastId=21337776
More about TENK: http://tenk-norge.com/
Although women graduate with degrees in engineering at an increasing rate, 1 in 4 stay in the field compared to 1 in 10 men. A look at the study to answer the question of why.
This document discusses initiatives to promote gender equality and women's empowerment in Pakistan. It notes that while the Pakistani constitution ensures equal rights, women's participation in development and the economy remains below potential due to social and cultural barriers. The government has established a 10% employment quota for women in public and private sectors, though currently only 5% of such jobs are held by women, most in health, education, and social services. The vision is for Pakistan to become a country where women enjoy equal rights and decision-making authority as men. The aim is to promote women's social, economic, and political empowerment at all levels through steps that respect Islamic teachings and the constitution.
Women In Engineering / STEM / ProfessionMehak Azeem
This artistic presentation is represented to you all as a result of my webinar at the IEEE Student Branch University of Jaffna, SriLanka. More than 200+ participants joined us globally. I have tried to represent my research work in my presentation graphically. Great thanks to my friend and IEEE mentor Muhammad Mairaj Ul Haque for helping me with the making of this beautiful presentation.
I believe this presentation has the best material to boost-up passions, courage and to enlighten the Women In Engineering with the facts and fictions.
For more information and assistance you can reach out: [mehakazeem@ieee.org] [haq.mairaj@hotmail.com]
Swe women and minorities in stem presentation (2)CierraDesmaratti
This presentation is about how to increase the diversity in terms of thought, gender, background, and creativity in the STEM field. There is a need for more women and underrepresented minorities and these slides delve into how we can support this groups in the education system.
Women are making gains in the workplace but still face discrimination. While more women now earn college degrees than men, they are paid less and face barriers to promotions. However, women are increasingly entering high-paying fields like healthcare, education and management. As these trends continue, households may come to rely less on male breadwinners and more on female income, shifting traditional workplace dynamics.
Gender Inequality is one of the most common topics given in presentations in schools and colleges. this ppt can be used to explain the content and analyze the causes of gender Inequality.
This document discusses gender inequality in Canada and around the world. It provides an overview of four theories of gender inequality: structural-functionalism, conflict theory, symbolic interactionism, and feminist theory. It then analyzes specific examples of structural sexism in areas like education, income, and the workplace. It also discusses cultural sexism and global variations in gender inequality. Statistics are presented on topics like women's representation in STEM fields and differences in high school graduation rates between males and females.
Women Gender Discrimination and Facts Tassawar Ali
This document discusses 5 facts about gender discrimination against women globally and in Pakistan. It defines gender discrimination as bias or actions taken against individuals based on their gender. Fact 1 states that women and girls are a neglected segment of society worldwide and face violence and discrimination with the main cause being poverty. Fact 3 discusses stereotyping men and women into traditional gender roles. Fact 4 notes that many impoverished women lack mobility, freedom and awareness of their rights. Fact 5 states that empowering women and girls increases development effectiveness in areas like economic growth and health. The response to the question provides that problems are opportunities in disguise and the solution is achieving gender equality through equal opportunities for women and men.
This document discusses gender inequality in India. It notes that gender inequality is deeply ingrained in society and difficult to eradicate. It provides examples of discrimination women face, such as notions that restrict their freedom and assumptions about their limitations. Statistics show that women have lower employment rates, higher mortality rates during childbirth, and make up a small percentage of national parliaments. While some policies aim to address issues, lack of awareness and proper implementation limit their effectiveness. Suggested solutions include improving access to education, legal protections, political participation, and changing social attitudes.
This document discusses women in science from an Indian perspective. It outlines challenges that women face in pursuing STEM careers such as cultural beliefs, stereotypes, and lack of role models. However, it also discusses efforts to encourage more women in science through initiatives like mentorship programs, scholarships, seminars by organizations like Miranda House and the Indian government. It concludes that while social and economic barriers still exist, the participation of women in science in India is increasing and parents/educators can help challenge stereotypes by promoting science as a viable career path for women.
A detailed Powerpoint Presentation that will enable you to understand the concept of women's empowerment in easy language and in the best possible way. I hope you will like it and kindly give your suggestion so that improvement can be made in this presentation.
The document discusses the gender wage gap, an international issue where women earn less than men. It provides context on perceptions of feminism among youth and definitions of relevant terms. Causes of the wage gap discussed include differences in education, occupations, and care responsibilities. International examples show how the wage gap impacts poverty. The role of organizations in promoting gender equality and empowering women is also examined.
This document discusses gender equality and its importance. It defines gender equality as access to rights and opportunities regardless of gender. Gender inequality is caused by factors like patriarchy, discrimination, and unequal pay/work. Examples of inequality include lack of access to education, travel rights, and political representation for women. Achieving gender equality is important for organizations, economic growth, family investment, and reducing child mortality. Ensuring equality requires empowering women through education, ending child marriage and violence against women, and increasing women's representation in leadership.
Gender inequality exists in education, employment, and income between men and women. Women face barriers including earning only 70 cents for every dollar a man earns, being discouraged from pursuing higher-paying fields, and shouldering a greater burden of unpaid domestic work and childcare. While progress has been made over the last 30 years from more women in the workforce and policies against wage discrimination, gender roles and societal expectations of women's traditional roles in the household and workplace still contribute to inequality today.
This document provides an introduction to key gender concepts. It defines gender and differentiates it from sex. Gender refers to socially constructed characteristics and roles of women and men, while sex refers to biological differences. The document outlines differences between gender and sex roles. It explores the relationship between gender and power. It also defines related terms like gender equality, equity, mainstreaming, empowerment, and analyzes approaches like gender-neutral, aware and transformative. The document discusses realities of gender disparities and potential gains from reducing them, such as increased agricultural outputs and reduced hunger. It compares Women in Development and Gender and Development approaches. Finally, it defines practical and strategic gender needs.
This document discusses the need for women's empowerment in India. It outlines several problems faced by women historically and currently, including gender discrimination, lack of education, female infanticide, dowry practices, child marriage, and various forms of violence and atrocities against women. Specific issues discussed include maternal mortality, malnutrition, trafficking, domestic violence, and sexual harassment. The document advocates for strategies like education, campaigns, networking and training to empower women and achieve a more just and equal society through collective efforts.
The document discusses gender discrimination and inequality in various contexts. It begins with quotes emphasizing the need to raise both sons and daughters with egalitarian values. It then discusses discrimination against women in India through unequal wages, sexual harassment, familial status discrimination, domestic violence, human trafficking, and state-sanctioned discriminatory laws. Politicians' statements reflecting patriarchal mindsets are also criticized. Theories on gender socialization and identity construction are outlined. International laws like CEDAW and EU principles that promote gender equality are mentioned. In summary, the document analyzes pervasive gender discrimination and inequality in India through different social, legal, economic, and political lenses.
It is often said that girls either are not interested in STEM subjects or are left out for various reasons. Some of this “common knowledge” is actually a myth – girls are interested in SOME STEM areas, such as biology, but not others, such as computer science. This session will take a deep dive into these myths and realities to discover what is really attractive to girls in elementary and secondary schools in STEM subjects.
Participants will learn about the Maker Movement and the potential to bring new tools and technology to K-12 classrooms to support hands-on learning across all grades and curriculum – but particularly STEM and STEAM. The implications of the Maker Movement are two-fold. One is that many of the technological inventions support areas that are of particular interest to girls, such as inventions that help people, sewable electronics, e-textiles, bio-materials, and community projects. The second is that the collaborative, tinkering nature of the Maker Movement dovetails with girls ability to work collaboratively and in a connected way. By exploring best practices from schools around the world that have successfully created strong STEM programs for girls, the participants in this session will be able to take away ideas and resources that will be of use in their own schools and districts.
(This was a session presented at ISTE 2015.)
(All citations can be found at http://sylviamartinez.com/girls-stem
The Impact of Technology on the Lives of Women and GirlsShireen Mitchell
1) The document discusses issues related to technology literacy and opportunities for women and girls. It highlights how technology exposure and visual cues can impact stereotypes.
2) Several pieces of legislation aimed at improving technology education and access for women/girls are mentioned, including the proposed Go Girl Act and current programs like Community Technology Centers.
3) The author calls for continued funding of educational programs, establishing a task force on women in technology, and increasing women's involvement in shaping technology policy and agendas.
This document summarizes key information from a UNESCO report on closing the gender gap in STEM fields. It finds that while STEM skills are important for development, women are underrepresented in these fields due to various sociocultural influences. The gender gap begins in secondary school performance and widens at higher levels of education and the labor market. UNESCO is working to address this issue through initiatives promoting gender equality in STEM and collecting data to inform policies aimed at drawing more girls and women into STEM studies and careers. The document outlines recommendations including reviewing education materials for gender bias, providing career counseling, role models, and scholarships for women in STEM.
Today, just one in three scientists is a woman. Achieving gender equality in science willbe essential if we are to address the complex global challenges we face, such as climatechange, biodiversity loss, extreme poverty and the need for ethical approaches to artificialintelligence. The complexities of the 21st century require multifaceted approaches andnew perspectives, making it imperative for both men and women to contribute to science.Despite some progress in recent decades, gender equality in science remains elusive,particularly in certain disciplines and countries.Lack of gender equality in science is not just a problem that affects women. It also limitsscientific progress and hamstrings a country’s development and its efforts to buildpeaceful societies [i]. Achieving gender equality in science is all the more necessarytoday as we witness backsliding in some countries with regard to equal access toeducation and knowledge as well as increased numbers of women scientists living inconflict and disaster-hit areas.This Call to Action is addressed to the global community: to policy-makers and decision-makers at the level of governments, universities, research and educational institutions,funding organizations, philanthropic organizations and the private sector.It is a call to ensure that girls are never discouraged from pursuing their aspirations tobecome scientists and to convey to them that such goals are indeed attainable. It is alsoa call to dismantle the barriers that hinder women from realizing their full potential inscience, in order to break the glass ceiling that prevents them from attaining leadershippositions in scientific systems across the world.This Call to Action builds on the insights and analyses that emerged from the GlobalForum on ‘The Future for Women and Girls in Science’ [ii] organized by UNESCO in June2023. It integrates contributions from a multitude of stakeholders, includingrepresentatives of international organizations, government institutions, non-governmentalorganizations and academia as well as from both the private and public sectors. Throughthese reflections, key challenges and factors have been identified, which form the basisfor the subsequent recommendations aimed at tackling the root causes of the gender gapin science
Maximum exploitation of existing human resources is possible by immediate engagement of women in
science. But, historically, scientific field is found to be male-dominated. Women empowerment
embraces the good quality education. Sensitizing and encouraging the women towards education
embracement enables them to set free from ignorance, poverty and starvation. Hence, education is
continuing as the most practicable avenue for women empowerment. Imparting science education to
the entire population expedites the accomplishment of scientific and technological progression. The
present article enlightens the efforts of Indian government and United Nations towards empowerment
of women through science education and research.
Science Communication: A Panacea for Addressing Gender-Gap in Nigeria’s STEM ...ijejournal
There is a major concern about the prevalence of the gender gap in Science, Technology, Engineering and Math (STEM) education in some developing countries. Thus, this study examined the existing communication interventions for disseminating information about STEM to women and girls in two universities in Nigeria. It leveraged Roger’s 1962 diffusion of innovations theory. The qualitative method was used, where fifty-six respondents from departments of computer science, engineering and mathematics, were examined to determine their extent of exposure to STEM-related information and their communication preferences for STEM-related messages. Results suggest that the majority of the respondents receive stem information through the mass media of which newspapers and magazinesranked highest. Accordingly, the majority of them would prefer personalized face-to-face communication and social media. The study recommended that change agents should be involved in the door–to–door campaign on STEM education.
SCIENCE COMMUNICATION: A PANACEA FOR ADDRESSING GENDER-GAP IN NIGERIA’S STEM ...ijejournal
There is a major concern about the prevalence of the gender gap in Science, Technology, Engineering and
Math (STEM) education in some developing countries. Thus, this study examined the existing
communication interventions for disseminating information about STEM to women and girls in two
universities in Nigeria. It leveraged Roger’s 1962 diffusion of innovations theory. The qualitative method
was used, where fifty-six respondents from departments of computer science, engineering and mathematics,
were examined to determine their extent of exposure to STEM-related information and their
communication preferences for STEM-related messages. Results suggest that the majority of the
respondents receive stem information through the mass media of which newspapers and magazinesranked
highest. Accordingly, the majority of them would prefer personalized face-to-face communication and
social media. The study recommended that change agents should be involved in the door–to–door
campaign on STEM education.
The document discusses the challenges faced by women in research careers including lack of credibility, difficulty balancing family and work responsibilities, and harassment. It provides examples of successful women scientists from India and around the world. Effective coping strategies discussed include having a strong support system, flexible work policies, and acting as mentors to younger women scientists.
Increasing female participation in science and technology careersAlexander Decker
This document summarizes a study on increasing female participation in science and technology careers in Nigeria. It utilized a scale to assess factors influencing science career choices among female students at University of Lagos. The factors included interest, enrollment, masculine image of science, social barriers, role models, school factors, teacher factors, and parental influence. A survey was administered to 375 female students divided into science majors and non-science majors. Results found significant differences between the groups for enrollment, social barriers, and role models, but not for interest, masculine image, school factors, teacher factors, or parental influence. The paper concludes it is a waste of talent if females do not participate equally in science due to barriers.
This document discusses challenges with student retention and persistence in STEM programs. It notes that while STEM jobs are abundant, many students who enroll in STEM majors do not graduate with STEM degrees. Institutional factors like high course loads and lack of effective academic advising can contribute to students switching majors or dropping out. The document also examines student factors and other challenges affecting STEM education. It recommends strategies for institutions to improve student support systems, such as orientation programs, early warning systems, and faculty professional development, to help increase STEM student retention and success.
Presented at 2013 APNN/KWSE Young Woman Scientists Camp, this presentation identifies the social factors that cause women to drop out of sciences and engineering in the various stages of the careers, also called 'The Leaky Pipeline'. It also identifies key ideas that can fill the punctures in the so-called pipeline keeping in mind the Indian social machinery.
This document presents a thesis exploring mentorship and retention of women in STEM fields. The introduction provides background on the underrepresentation of women in STEM jobs and degrees despite making up half the college-educated workforce. Key factors contributing to this discrepancy include lack of role models, gender stereotyping, and inflexible work environments. The purpose is to understand women's experiences in STEM and potential solutions. A literature review covers topics like gender stereotypes, career pathways, and the benefits of mentoring. The methodology section outlines a narrative study approach involving interviews with one woman in STEM. Overall, the thesis aims to gain insights into supporting greater participation of women in STEM.
The document discusses reasons for the underrepresentation of women in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields. It identifies three key areas that shape girls' and women's achievement and interest in these fields: social and environmental factors, the climate of university STEM departments, and the influence of implicit bias. The document provides research findings on how stereotypes, mindsets, spatial skills training, and work-life balance policies can impact gender disparities in STEM.
BARRIERS FOR FEMALES TO PURSUE STEM CAREERS AND STUDIES AT HIGHER EDUCATION I...IJCSES Journal
Background and context: Even when the modern world is transitioning quickly into the digital age, the
gender gap continues to be more acute. Social scientists note the low number of women in Science,
Technology, Engineering, and Maths (STEM) as a scientific, creative, economic, and innovative potential
loss. The importance of women’s participation in technical sciences and technical production is also
recognized as a factor for stable social development. Objective and method: A scoping review has been
conducted to study females’ reasonings and society-based explanations for females to choose STEM
studies at the Higher Education Institutions (HEI) level. The goal is to understand the reasons for the low
number of females in STEM careers related to education in STEM and to reveal the underlying
phenomenon. Results: The gender attitudes and stereotypes inherent in boy and girl children’s spare time
and school life narrow the children's possibilities from what specific education and career direction they
can choose. But only a few genetics and physical differences could postulate and explain this status quo.
Humans have formed a particular social framework; in the process, we have socialized childhood and
education. When choosing a future specialization, the society in which the child grew up, the family that
brought him up, and what traditions they invested in are much more important than his gender.
Implications: Based on our results, we summarise the scattered knowledge base and utilize the analyzed
summary for recommendations to further the development of HEI programs to make them more fitting for
both genders and help reduce the gender gap. The universities should cover the achievements of females,
more often in their media channels, related to the previously mentioned interest in STEM, based on the
presence of a role model. When choosing a university, girls can see a real example and be inspired to study
STEM majors
Barriers for Females to Pursue Stem Careers and Studies at Higher Education I...IJCSES Journal
Background and context: Even when the modern world is transitioning quickly into the digital age, the gender gap continues to be more acute. Social scientists note the low number of women in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Maths (STEM) as a scientific, creative, economic, and innovative potential loss. The importance of women’s participation in technical sciences and technical production is also recognized as a factor for stable social development. Objective and method: A scoping review has been conducted to study females’ reasonings and society-based explanations for females to choose STEM studies at the Higher Education Institutions (HEI) level. The goal is to understand the reasons for the low number of females in STEM careers related to education in STEM and to reveal the underlying phenomenon. Results: The gender attitudes and stereotypes inherent in boy and girl children’s spare time and school life narrow the children's possibilities from what specific education and career direction they can choose. But only a few genetics and physical differences could postulate and explain this status quo. Humans have formed a particular social framework; in the process, we have socialized childhood and education. When choosing a future specialization, the society in which the child grew up, the family that brought him up, and what traditions they invested in are much more important than his gender. Implications: Based on our results, we summarise the scattered knowledge base and utilize the analyzed summary for recommendations to further the development of HEI programs to make them more fitting for both genders and help reduce the gender gap. The universities should cover the achievements of females, more often in their media channels, related to the previously mentioned interest in STEM, based on the presence of a role model. When choosing a university, girls can see a real example and be inspired to study STEM majors.
This document summarizes Dr. Michael Uden's work developing STEM partnerships between P-16 institutions. It discusses the history and benefits of STEM education, outlines effective STEM curriculum approaches, and describes the programs and grants Dr. Uden helped establish including a STEM camp for underrepresented middle school students and opportunities for pre-service teachers. The document provides an overview of Dr. Uden's vision and accomplishments in building STEM partnerships across different educational levels and communities.
This document discusses the history and current state of women in STEM fields in higher education. It notes that while women now make up over half of all college students, they remain underrepresented in STEM fields and leadership positions. The document examines various barriers that women face, from cultural stereotypes and unconscious biases among faculty and students to difficulties balancing family and career demands. It concludes by discussing strategies to improve women's representation and success in STEM, such as modifying secondary education, increasing family support programs, and providing more female role models.
Determinants of girls low enrollment in physics in secondary schools case of ...Alexander Decker
1. The study examined the low enrollment of girls in physics in secondary schools in Kajiado North District, Kenya. It found that only a small number of girls enrolled in physics each year compared to biology and chemistry.
2. The study had several objectives: to determine girls' attitudes towards physics; examine the role of career guidance; determine how school administration influences subject selection; and identify teacher-related factors.
3. The literature review discussed the importance of women's participation in STEM fields for development. It also covered topics like the role of career counseling, gender stereotypes, and girls' perceptions of the relevance of physics.
1. The document discusses gender equality in science and technology, noting that fewer girls than boys pursue education and careers in these fields in many countries.
2. It outlines barriers that women face, such as lack of access to education, social norms discouraging women from certain roles, and technologies not addressing women's needs.
3. Promoting gender equality in science and technology is important for human rights, economic growth, and gaining different perspectives that can benefit society.
The document discusses the Department of Energy's efforts to empower women in science. It notes that while girls initially show strong interest in STEM subjects, their interest declines compared to boys as early stereotypes take hold. The DOE aims to promote opportunities for women and girls in STEM from elementary school through college in order to inspire confidence and persistence in their scientific pursuits, and change stereotypes that have led to underrepresentation of women in many STEM careers.
The use of Nauplii and metanauplii artemia in aquaculture (brine shrimp).pptxMAGOTI ERNEST
Although Artemia has been known to man for centuries, its use as a food for the culture of larval organisms apparently began only in the 1930s, when several investigators found that it made an excellent food for newly hatched fish larvae (Litvinenko et al., 2023). As aquaculture developed in the 1960s and ‘70s, the use of Artemia also became more widespread, due both to its convenience and to its nutritional value for larval organisms (Arenas-Pardo et al., 2024). The fact that Artemia dormant cysts can be stored for long periods in cans, and then used as an off-the-shelf food requiring only 24 h of incubation makes them the most convenient, least labor-intensive, live food available for aquaculture (Sorgeloos & Roubach, 2021). The nutritional value of Artemia, especially for marine organisms, is not constant, but varies both geographically and temporally. During the last decade, however, both the causes of Artemia nutritional variability and methods to improve poorquality Artemia have been identified (Loufi et al., 2024).
Brine shrimp (Artemia spp.) are used in marine aquaculture worldwide. Annually, more than 2,000 metric tons of dry cysts are used for cultivation of fish, crustacean, and shellfish larva. Brine shrimp are important to aquaculture because newly hatched brine shrimp nauplii (larvae) provide a food source for many fish fry (Mozanzadeh et al., 2021). Culture and harvesting of brine shrimp eggs represents another aspect of the aquaculture industry. Nauplii and metanauplii of Artemia, commonly known as brine shrimp, play a crucial role in aquaculture due to their nutritional value and suitability as live feed for many aquatic species, particularly in larval stages (Sorgeloos & Roubach, 2021).
The debris of the ‘last major merger’ is dynamically youngSérgio Sacani
The Milky Way’s (MW) inner stellar halo contains an [Fe/H]-rich component with highly eccentric orbits, often referred to as the
‘last major merger.’ Hypotheses for the origin of this component include Gaia-Sausage/Enceladus (GSE), where the progenitor
collided with the MW proto-disc 8–11 Gyr ago, and the Virgo Radial Merger (VRM), where the progenitor collided with the
MW disc within the last 3 Gyr. These two scenarios make different predictions about observable structure in local phase space,
because the morphology of debris depends on how long it has had to phase mix. The recently identified phase-space folds in Gaia
DR3 have positive caustic velocities, making them fundamentally different than the phase-mixed chevrons found in simulations
at late times. Roughly 20 per cent of the stars in the prograde local stellar halo are associated with the observed caustics. Based
on a simple phase-mixing model, the observed number of caustics are consistent with a merger that occurred 1–2 Gyr ago.
We also compare the observed phase-space distribution to FIRE-2 Latte simulations of GSE-like mergers, using a quantitative
measurement of phase mixing (2D causticality). The observed local phase-space distribution best matches the simulated data
1–2 Gyr after collision, and certainly not later than 3 Gyr. This is further evidence that the progenitor of the ‘last major merger’
did not collide with the MW proto-disc at early times, as is thought for the GSE, but instead collided with the MW disc within
the last few Gyr, consistent with the body of work surrounding the VRM.
The binding of cosmological structures by massless topological defectsSérgio Sacani
Assuming spherical symmetry and weak field, it is shown that if one solves the Poisson equation or the Einstein field
equations sourced by a topological defect, i.e. a singularity of a very specific form, the result is a localized gravitational
field capable of driving flat rotation (i.e. Keplerian circular orbits at a constant speed for all radii) of test masses on a thin
spherical shell without any underlying mass. Moreover, a large-scale structure which exploits this solution by assembling
concentrically a number of such topological defects can establish a flat stellar or galactic rotation curve, and can also deflect
light in the same manner as an equipotential (isothermal) sphere. Thus, the need for dark matter or modified gravity theory is
mitigated, at least in part.
Authoring a personal GPT for your research and practice: How we created the Q...Leonel Morgado
Thematic analysis in qualitative research is a time-consuming and systematic task, typically done using teams. Team members must ground their activities on common understandings of the major concepts underlying the thematic analysis, and define criteria for its development. However, conceptual misunderstandings, equivocations, and lack of adherence to criteria are challenges to the quality and speed of this process. Given the distributed and uncertain nature of this process, we wondered if the tasks in thematic analysis could be supported by readily available artificial intelligence chatbots. Our early efforts point to potential benefits: not just saving time in the coding process but better adherence to criteria and grounding, by increasing triangulation between humans and artificial intelligence. This tutorial will provide a description and demonstration of the process we followed, as two academic researchers, to develop a custom ChatGPT to assist with qualitative coding in the thematic data analysis process of immersive learning accounts in a survey of the academic literature: QUAL-E Immersive Learning Thematic Analysis Helper. In the hands-on time, participants will try out QUAL-E and develop their ideas for their own qualitative coding ChatGPT. Participants that have the paid ChatGPT Plus subscription can create a draft of their assistants. The organizers will provide course materials and slide deck that participants will be able to utilize to continue development of their custom GPT. The paid subscription to ChatGPT Plus is not required to participate in this workshop, just for trying out personal GPTs during it.
Phenomics assisted breeding in crop improvementIshaGoswami9
As the population is increasing and will reach about 9 billion upto 2050. Also due to climate change, it is difficult to meet the food requirement of such a large population. Facing the challenges presented by resource shortages, climate
change, and increasing global population, crop yield and quality need to be improved in a sustainable way over the coming decades. Genetic improvement by breeding is the best way to increase crop productivity. With the rapid progression of functional
genomics, an increasing number of crop genomes have been sequenced and dozens of genes influencing key agronomic traits have been identified. However, current genome sequence information has not been adequately exploited for understanding
the complex characteristics of multiple gene, owing to a lack of crop phenotypic data. Efficient, automatic, and accurate technologies and platforms that can capture phenotypic data that can
be linked to genomics information for crop improvement at all growth stages have become as important as genotyping. Thus,
high-throughput phenotyping has become the major bottleneck restricting crop breeding. Plant phenomics has been defined as the high-throughput, accurate acquisition and analysis of multi-dimensional phenotypes
during crop growing stages at the organism level, including the cell, tissue, organ, individual plant, plot, and field levels. With the rapid development of novel sensors, imaging technology,
and analysis methods, numerous infrastructure platforms have been developed for phenotyping.
Or: Beyond linear.
Abstract: Equivariant neural networks are neural networks that incorporate symmetries. The nonlinear activation functions in these networks result in interesting nonlinear equivariant maps between simple representations, and motivate the key player of this talk: piecewise linear representation theory.
Disclaimer: No one is perfect, so please mind that there might be mistakes and typos.
dtubbenhauer@gmail.com
Corrected slides: dtubbenhauer.com/talks.html
ESPP presentation to EU Waste Water Network, 4th June 2024 “EU policies driving nutrient removal and recycling
and the revised UWWTD (Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive)”
hematic appreciation test is a psychological assessment tool used to measure an individual's appreciation and understanding of specific themes or topics. This test helps to evaluate an individual's ability to connect different ideas and concepts within a given theme, as well as their overall comprehension and interpretation skills. The results of the test can provide valuable insights into an individual's cognitive abilities, creativity, and critical thinking skills
EWOCS-I: The catalog of X-ray sources in Westerlund 1 from the Extended Weste...Sérgio Sacani
Context. With a mass exceeding several 104 M⊙ and a rich and dense population of massive stars, supermassive young star clusters
represent the most massive star-forming environment that is dominated by the feedback from massive stars and gravitational interactions
among stars.
Aims. In this paper we present the Extended Westerlund 1 and 2 Open Clusters Survey (EWOCS) project, which aims to investigate
the influence of the starburst environment on the formation of stars and planets, and on the evolution of both low and high mass stars.
The primary targets of this project are Westerlund 1 and 2, the closest supermassive star clusters to the Sun.
Methods. The project is based primarily on recent observations conducted with the Chandra and JWST observatories. Specifically,
the Chandra survey of Westerlund 1 consists of 36 new ACIS-I observations, nearly co-pointed, for a total exposure time of 1 Msec.
Additionally, we included 8 archival Chandra/ACIS-S observations. This paper presents the resulting catalog of X-ray sources within
and around Westerlund 1. Sources were detected by combining various existing methods, and photon extraction and source validation
were carried out using the ACIS-Extract software.
Results. The EWOCS X-ray catalog comprises 5963 validated sources out of the 9420 initially provided to ACIS-Extract, reaching a
photon flux threshold of approximately 2 × 10−8 photons cm−2
s
−1
. The X-ray sources exhibit a highly concentrated spatial distribution,
with 1075 sources located within the central 1 arcmin. We have successfully detected X-ray emissions from 126 out of the 166 known
massive stars of the cluster, and we have collected over 71 000 photons from the magnetar CXO J164710.20-455217.
When I was asked to give a companion lecture in support of ‘The Philosophy of Science’ (https://shorturl.at/4pUXz) I decided not to walk through the detail of the many methodologies in order of use. Instead, I chose to employ a long standing, and ongoing, scientific development as an exemplar. And so, I chose the ever evolving story of Thermodynamics as a scientific investigation at its best.
Conducted over a period of >200 years, Thermodynamics R&D, and application, benefitted from the highest levels of professionalism, collaboration, and technical thoroughness. New layers of application, methodology, and practice were made possible by the progressive advance of technology. In turn, this has seen measurement and modelling accuracy continually improved at a micro and macro level.
Perhaps most importantly, Thermodynamics rapidly became a primary tool in the advance of applied science/engineering/technology, spanning micro-tech, to aerospace and cosmology. I can think of no better a story to illustrate the breadth of scientific methodologies and applications at their best.
2. What Is STEM ?
It is a curriculum based on the idea of educating students in specific disciplines
– Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics – in an interdisciplinary
and applied approach.
The STEM acronym was introduced in 2001 by scientific administrators at the
US Science Foundation (NSF).
The organisation previously used the acronym SMET when referring to the
career fields in those disciplines or a curriculum that integrated knowledge
and skills from those fields.
3. Women Position In STEM
Women make up only 28% of the workforce in Science, Technology,
Engineering and Mathematics (STEM), and men vastly outnumber women
majoring in most STEM fields in college.
Even with the STEM fields, there lies a gender divide, with similar numbers
of boys and girls pursuing natural sciences while far more boys looked to
engineering, manufacturing and construction.
4. Why Does The Gap Exist ?
Stereotypes : The Paucity Of women in STEM is not merely due to skill
inadequacy, but also a result of assigned stereotypical gender roles.
Harassment : Sexual and other types of harassment in workplace, etc.
Stress : Stressors related to marriage, childbirth, etc.
Physical Safety : Physical safety during the commute to work.
5. Patriarchy : There are patriarchal attitudes in hiring practices or awarding
fellowships and grants,etc.
Society : Lack of role-models, pressures to conform to social norms and
trapping of domesticity.
Household Responsibility : Responsibility related to running of
and elder care.
6. Why Does Women’s Underrepresentation
In STEM Fields Matter
Across the world, there has been a marked absence of women in the
professional realm of STEM subjects – including the IT sector, environment
and climate, medical sciences, etc.
This underrepresentation is of note because developments in STEM Fields,
particularly in technology, are increasingly shaping all aspects of modern
life – from Chatbots like ChatGPT that are expected o replace workers in
various settings to the ubiquity of social media which shapes identities and
public discourse.
7. Furthermore, from a career perspective, these fields are generally lucrative
for workers.
A typical STEM worker earns two-third more than those employed in other
fields, according to Pew Research Centre.
Therefore, the underrepresentation of women in STEM impacts the overall
gender pay gap as well – women are typically overrepresented in lower-
paying jobs and underrepresented in higher paying jobs such as in STEM
fields.
8. Initiative To Promote Women
Participation
Vigyan Jyoti Scheme :
1. It is launched by the Department Of Science And Technology.
2. It is intended to create a level-paying field for the meritorious
girls in high-school to pursue Science, Technology, Engineering and
Mathematics (STEM) in their higher education.
3. It also offers exposure for girl students from the rural
background to help to plan their journey from school to a job of their choice
in the field of science.
9. GATI Scheme :
The Gender Advancement For Transforming Institutions (GATI) will
develop a comprehensive Charter and a framework for assessing Gender Equality
in STEM.
Knowledge Involvement Research Advancement Through Nurturing
(KIRAN) :
1. Launched in 2014-15, the scheme provide opportunities for women
scientists in moving up the academic and administrative ladder.
2. One of the programmes under the KIRAN Scheme – “Women Scientist
Scheme” – provides career opportunities to unemployed women
Scientists and technologists, especially those who had a break in their career.
10. Indian Women Scientists Shaping
History
Kadambini Ganguly (1861-1923) :
She was India’s First female doctor and practitioner of western
medicine.
Anandibai Gopalrao Joshi (1865-1887) :
She was the First Indian woman physician and the first woman to
have graduated with a two-year degree in western medicine in the United
States.
11. Rajeshwari Chatterjee (1922-2010):
She was the First woman engineer from the state of Karnataka , who
received a government scholarship to study abroad in 1946.
Kalpana Chawla (1962-2003) :
She was the First astronaut of Indian origin to have forayed into
space. She first flew on a space shuttle Columbia in 1997 as a mission
specialist and primary robotic arm operator.
Aditi Pant
She was the first Indian woman to visit Antarctica in 1983 as a part of
the Indian expedition to study Geology and Oceanography.
12. Way Forward
Role Of Science Academics :
Science academics have to reflect upon their role and contributions
to promote and retain women in science, thereby making science inclusive
and sensitive.
Affirmative Actions :
Government can examine having a policy of reservation of seats for
women in all research institutions, universities, laboratiories and STEM
organisations.
13. Awareness Generations :
Gender equality is not just an ethical imperative, but also a business
priority. Organisation with a greater diversity among their executive teams
tend to have higher profits and greater innovation capability. By making
people realise it, we can improve gender inclusivity across different sectors.
Breaking The Glass-Ceiling Systemically :
Remove the sexism and institutional obstacles that prevent more
women from entering the scientific field.