William Caxton and the introduction of printing
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William Caxton was the first English printer. He was born in Kent, England in 1422 and apprenticed as a mercer in London before working as a merchant in Bruges from 1441 to 1471. In 1476, he established England's first printing press in London and printed the first book in English, "The Recuyell of the Histories of Troye", around 1475 in Bruges. He is credited with helping establish the literary norm of the English language through his translations from French, Latin, and Dutch literature.
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Main writers of the age: Geoffrey Chaucer, William Langland, John Wycliffe, Sir John Mandeville, John Gower
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Example: Courtly love, Romance, Marriage & Sexual Desire are found in the theme of The Canterbury Tales
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Example: The Canterbury Tales is a great indication of the frame work
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Eng Lit I.pptx
The document provides an overview of the major periods and genres of English literature from Old English (c. 450-1066) through the 18th century. Some of the key points covered include: Beowulf as the most famous work of Old English literature; Chaucer as a major figure in Middle English; the rise of English as a literary language during the Renaissance with influential writers like Shakespeare, Spenser, and Jonson in the Elizabethan and Jacobean periods; and the development of genres like metaphysical poetry and drama in the Late Renaissance through Restoration eras.
Human: You are an expert at summarizing documents. You provide concise summaries in 3 sentences or less that provide the high level
10. S2014 Books and Literature
William Wykeham established educational institutions in the late 14th century that helped establish a path for social mobility through education. In the 15th century, printing was developed which allowed for wider dissemination of texts and helped standardize the English language. Writers during this period included Gower, Hoccleve, and Lydgate who wrote in English for royal patrons. William Caxton introduced printing to England and published many texts, helping establish the English publishing industry. The growth of printing helped foster national identity and increased literacy.
5_6086868273691885903.pdf
Old English literature encompasses works written between the 7th-11th centuries in Anglo-Saxon England. Some of the most important works from this period include Caedmon's Hymn, Beowulf, and Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. Caedmon's Hymn is considered the oldest surviving literary text in English. Beowulf is an epic poem that blends Germanic and Christian elements. Anglo-Saxon Chronicle provides a chronology of early English history. Manuscripts were an important medium and the four major manuscripts that survive are the Junius, Exeter Book, Vercelli Book, and Nowell Codex. Religious works and translations of texts like the Bible were also prominent during this time
World book. W-20. The printing revolution : Exeter Library's oldest book in c...
World Book Heritage. W-20. The printing revolution : Exeter's oldest book in context.
Compares the printing and digital revolutions. Gutenberg and the invention of printing. The spread of printing to 1480. Exeter Library's incunable as an example of early printing. Examples of early 16th century printing from the library.
Old and middle english
The document summarizes the Old English and Middle English periods of the English language. Old English was spoken from the 5th to 12th centuries in England and Scotland. It was influenced by Latin and other Germanic languages. Major manuscripts from this period include the Junius Manuscript, Exeter Book, and Vercelli Book. Middle English was used from the late 11th to late 15th centuries. It had a simplified grammar compared to Old English and was closer to modern English. Literature from this time includes Chaucer and Langland. A Chancery Standard developed for government use in the late 15th century.
Revival of learning
The revival of learning from 1400-1550 saw the gradual enlightenment of the human mind after the Middle Ages. During this period, vernacular languages like English began to be used for literature and poetry, not just Latin. Some key developments included the first printing press in 1476, William Caxton printing the first book in English in 1473-74, Sir Thomas Malory compiling Le Morte d'Arthur around 1470 in early Modern English, and Desiderius Erasmus writing In Praise of Folly in Latin in 1509. The English Bible was also translated, with the Great Bible being the first authorized English version in 1539.
15th century (1).pptx
The 15th century in English literature was a dreary period marked by important developments that laid the foundations for the Renaissance. Key events included Caxton establishing England's first printing press in 1476; the rise of English Humanism which emphasized thought over emotion; and the work of the Oxford Reformers like Erasmus and More in the early 1500s. Important literary works also emerged, such as Tottel's Miscellany in 1557 containing poems by Wyatt and Surrey that popularized the sonnet form, and various Bible translations into English throughout the 15th century.
Markey encyclopedia
An encyclopedia is a type of reference work that provides summaries of information on various topics. It is divided into articles or entries that are usually accessed alphabetically. Some key characteristics of encyclopedias include their subject matter, scope, hierarchical organization, and production by subject experts. The first major encyclopedias date back to ancient times, but the modern printed encyclopedia emerged in the 18th century. In the digital age, encyclopedias have been published online and as CD-ROMs, allowing for new methods of organization and updating content.
English literature and culture
This document provides an overview of English literature and its historical development. It discusses the key periods in English literary history from the Anglo-Saxon period to the Victorian period. For each period, it summarizes some of the significant literary works produced and the prominent genres. It also profiles some important authors like Geoffrey Chaucer, William Shakespeare, and Charles Dickens. The document serves as a reference for those studying the history of English literature.
Encyclopedia
An encyclopedia is a type of reference work that provides summaries of information on various topics. It is divided into articles or entries that are usually accessed alphabetically. One of the earliest surviving encyclopedic works is Pliny the Elder's Naturalis Historia from the 1st century AD. The Britannica is the oldest English language encyclopedia still in production today. Encyclopedias have evolved over time to include cross-referencing, contributions from many authors, and digital formats like CD-ROMs and online versions. They are characterized by their broad subject matter, organized structure, and production involving employed writers.
Very Early British History
The Romans ruled Britain from around AD 40 to 410, after which various Germanic tribes including the Saxons invaded. The Saxons brought their own language and culture and eventually became the dominant people in Britain. In 597, Christian missionaries arrived and introduced Latin and early literature. Vikings also began invading in the late 8th century and ruled parts of England until the 11th century. The epic poem Beowulf was written down in Old English between the 8th-11th centuries, describing events from the 6th century among Scandinavian peoples. In 1066, William the Conqueror invaded from Normandy and defeated the English at the Battle of Hastings, bringing Norman rule.
Anglo-Saxon History And Background
The document provides background information on Anglo-Saxon literature and its origins. It discusses that English literature began with Anglo-Saxon literature as they were the early inhabitants of England following the 5th century CE. Some of the most important works from this period include the epic poem Beowulf and the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. Around 400 manuscripts survived from the Anglo-Saxon period written in both Latin and Old English between the 9th-11th centuries. Famous Anglo-Saxon writers and poets mentioned include Caedmon, considered the father of Old English poetry, and Cynewulf. The document also provides details on several other influential figures from the Anglo-Saxon period like Bede and King Alfred the Great.
Renaissance timeline by Giannis Galanos.pptx
The Renaissance timeline document outlines key events and developments between 1400-1600 CE:
1) The Black Death pandemic in 1347 improved economic conditions and led to more investment in art and scholarship. Florence emerged as a center of the Renaissance by the late 14th century.
2) The 15th century saw the rise of the powerful Medici family in Florence and major artistic and architectural developments, including Ghiberti's bronze doors for the Baptistery and Brunelleschi and Donatello's studies in Rome.
3) Leonardo da Vinci was born in 1452 and the Gutenberg Bible was published in 1454, revolutionizing literacy. Major explorations also began in this time, with
Ch 13 Northern Renaissance
The document summarizes the spread of the Northern Renaissance in Europe. It discusses how the printing press helped spread Renaissance ideas by making books cheaper and more accessible. Key northern Renaissance artists including Jan van Eyck, Albrecht Dürer, and Pieter Bruegel are profiled for developing realistic painting techniques and styles. Writers such as Desiderius Erasmus and Thomas More are also mentioned for critiquing society and advocating humanist ideals through their works.
Analysis of Canterbury Tales by Geoffrey Chaucer (General Prologue, The Knig...
Geoffrey Chaucer was an English poet and author born around 1343 in London. He is considered the greatest English poet of the Middle Ages and is best known for his work The Canterbury Tales. The Canterbury Tales is a collection of over 20 stories told by a group of pilgrims as they travel from London to Canterbury Cathedral. The stories range in tone from pious to vulgar and include genres such as romance, fabliaux, saints' lives, animal fables, and allegories. Chaucer drew from a variety of sources such as Boccaccio's Decameron and helped establish English as a legitimate literary language.
Eng amlit
The Canterbury Tales by Geoffrey Chaucer is considered one of the greatest works of English literature. Written in the late 14th century, it describes a pilgrimage to Canterbury and the stories told by 29 pilgrims along the way. Using a frame narrative structure and estates satire, Chaucer provides insight into medieval English social classes and satirizes the abuses of the clergy. Only 22 of the planned 120 tales were completed, but they established Chaucer as the father of English poetry and helped establish Middle English as the standard literary language.
Muzafar ali
This document summarizes the development of English prose from Anglo-Saxon times to the Elizabethan period. It discusses how prose evolved from simple translations in Old English to becoming a major literary form by the 16th century. Key developments included King Alfred's translations in the 9th century, the introduction of the printing press which allowed wider dissemination of prose works, and major Elizabethan prose writers like Francis Bacon who established prose as a literary art. The document provides an overview of the growth of prose as a distinct genre in the English language.
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William Caxton and the introduction of printing
- 2. (c. 1422 – c. 1491)
- 3. Born in Kent, England At the age of sixteen came to London to become an apprentice to a mercer Worked as a merchant in Bruges between 1441-1471 He travelled to Cologne(Germany) in 1471 to learn printing
- 4. The first book printed in English was 'The Recuyell of the Histories of Troye' The book was printed in about 1475 in Bruges – what is now known as Belgium
- 5. In 1476 Caxton established a printing press in London The Dictes or Sayings of the Philosophers’ was the first book to be printed in England in 1477 Another important works printed by Caxton were the first editions of ‘The Canterbury Tales’ by Geoffrey Chaucer
- 6. Caxton translated works from French, Latin and Dutch literature According to linguists and historians his translations helped to establish the literary norm of the English language, as Middle English slowly developed into Modern English
- 7. In November 1954, a memorial to Caxton was unveiled in Westminster Abbey. The white stone plaque is on the wall next to the door to Poets' Corner
- 8. Thank you for attention!