Why Cosmology Isn't Boring
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This document summarizes a talk given by Peter Coles at the Dark Energy Survey Collaboration Meeting on October 22nd 2014 about why the standard cosmology model is not boring. The talk discussed how cosmology involves compressing a huge amount of data into simple models and ingredients like inflation, dark matter, and dark energy. It noted there are questionable aspects of the standard model and anomalies in the CMB data like the low quadrupole and parity asymmetry that could indicate new physics. The talk concluded that while the easy questions have been answered, cosmology will start to get more interesting now that we have a better idea of what to ask.
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The document discusses the academic publishing industry and open access publishing. It notes that the largest academic publishers have profit margins of up to 45%, much higher than companies like Apple and BMW. It advocates for open access publishing as taxpayer-funded research should be publicly accessible. It then describes different models of open access publishing like gold, green, and diamond (immediate free access for authors and readers) and notes funding agencies are increasingly mandating some form of open access. The document promotes the Open Journal of Astrophysics (OJAp) as an example of a diamond open access, community-reviewed overlay journal based on the arXiv preprint server that publishes papers for free without article processing charges.
OA and OJA_cardiff.pptx
The academic publishing industry generates about €28 billion annually in global revenues, exceeding that of the recorded music industry. Profit margins for academic publishers like Elsevier, Springer, Wiley, and Taylor & Francis are much larger than companies like Apple, Google, and BMW. Open access publishing aims to make taxpayer-funded research publicly available, but different models like gold, green, and diamond open access have different costs and restrictions. The Open Journal of Astrophysics (OJAp) is an example of a diamond open access overlay journal that publishes on the arXiv for free with low annual costs. It has published over 100 papers with an average of 16 citations per paper and a 50% acceptance rate. OJAp plans to apply for inclusion
EInsteinToEuclid_latest.pptx
The document discusses the benefits of meditation for reducing stress and anxiety. Regular meditation practice can help calm the mind and body by lowering heart rate and blood pressure. Making meditation a part of a daily routine, even if just 10-15 minutes per day, can have mental and physical health benefits over time by helping people feel more relaxed and focused.
OA_INAM2023.pptx
Talk given at the Irish National Astronomy Meeting: a discussion of recent developments in Open Access Publishing, with particular reference to Astrophysics and the Open Journal of Astrophysics
Cosmic_Web_Maynooth.pptx
A short talk for Space Week given at Maynooth University on October 6th 2022 about cosmology, the large-scale structure of the Universe and the European Space Agency's Euclid Mission.
Coles_ITP.pptx
Talk given at ITP 2022 at the Dublin Institute for Advanced Study on May 26th 2022. In this talk I discuss some applications of the Schrodinger-Poisson wave-mechanical approach to
cosmological structure formation. The most obvious use of this formalism is to "fuzzy" dark matter,
i.e. dark matter consisting of extremely light particles whose e ective de Broglie wavelength is
suciently large to be astrophysically relevant, but it can be used to model more general scenarios
and has a number of advantages over standard methods based on Eulerian perturbation theory. I
illustrate the formalism with some calculations for cosmic voids and discuss its application to the
cosmological reconstruction problem(s).
Astrophysics & Cosmology Masterclass November 2021
Slides used during a Science Week event at Maynooth University on 12th November 2021. These are the slides for the Cosmology part of the event which was run by Peter Coles and John Regan of the Department of Theoretical Physics at Maynooth University.
Open Access Publishing and the Open Journal of Astrophysics
Talk given online at the International School Chalonge-DeVega on 15th September 2021 about Open Access Publishing and the Open Journal of Astrophysics
Diversity in Physics
This document discusses LGBTSTEMDay and issues related to LGBT inclusion in STEM fields. It highlights a report on LGBT inclusion that focuses on progress made, perceptions, visibility and inclusion of LGBT people in STEM, as well as omissions and how management can improve the process of inclusion.
The Open Journal of Astrophysics at INAM
The document discusses open access academic publishing and proposes an alternative model. It notes that the largest academic publishers make huge profits while overcharging the academic community. It then describes The Open Journal of Astrophysics, an open access, community-reviewed journal built on the arXiv preprint server. With annual costs of only $1000, it provides a much more affordable option than traditional journals. The document encourages the use of preprints and open access models like this one to communicate research ideas more freely and cost-effectively.
O level Latin 1979
The O-level Latin examinations I took in 1979. There are three papers altogether, Paper 1 which was a language examination, and Paper 2 (in two Sections A and B) which were about set books: we did Book II of Virgil's Aeneid and Book V of Caesar's De Bello Gallico.
The Eddington Eclipse Expeditions: How Ireland made Einstein Famous
The Eddington Eclipse Expeditions in 1919 provided early evidence supporting Einstein's theory of general relativity by measuring the bending of starlight near the sun during a solar eclipse. Two expeditions were sent to Principe and Sobral to photograph the Hyades star cluster near the sun during totality. Their results found star positions consistent with Einstein's prediction of nearly 2 seconds of arc bending, providing the first strong evidence for general relativity and making Einstein famous worldwide. Some controversy existed over the measurement precision, but later studies supported Einstein's theory.
The Cosmic Web
1) The document discusses key concepts in cosmology including the cosmic web, dark matter, dark energy, the Big Bang, and inflation.
2) It explains that dark matter and dark energy make up most of the universe and are not fully understood.
3) The Big Bang theory is supported by evidence like the cosmic microwave background radiation, but questions remain about what caused inflation in the early universe.
The Cosmic Web
The document discusses key concepts in cosmology including the cosmic web, dark matter, dark energy, the Big Bang theory, and inflation. It summarizes Nobel Prize-winning discoveries like the cosmic microwave background and expanding universe. While observations support the standard model of cosmology, dark matter and dark energy remain largely unexplained. Future work aims to better understand the nature and distribution of matter and energy throughout the universe.
Scholastica Webinar - The Open Journal of Astrophysics Project
The document summarizes a webinar about The Open Journal of Astrophysics Project. It discusses the history of the project, including previous attempts to develop their own publishing platform. It then explains how the project is now being relaunched using the Scholastica publishing platform. The webinar argues that open access to taxpayer-funded research is important for public trust. It questions whether traditional academic journals are still needed given resources like the arXiv that make papers publicly available. The Open Journal of Astrophysics aims to provide a free, community-reviewed open access alternative to traditional journals.
Einstein, Eddington and the 1919 Eclipse Expeditions
Talk given at the Irish National Astronomy Meeting in the Armagh Observatory and Planetatrium, September 6th 2019
Brief Thoughts on Cosmological Distances
The Robertson-Walker metric is used in cosmology to describe space-times that are compatible with the cosmological principle of spatial homogeneity and isotropy. It defines the proper distance and intervals between events in an expanding universe using comoving coordinates and the scale factor a(t) that describes the expansion over time. Key relationships defined include the luminosity distance and angular diameter distance, relating observed properties of distant objects to the scale factor at emission and observation times.
More from Peter Coles (20)
Open Access Publishing in Astrophysics and the Open Journal of Astrophysics
Open Access Publishing in Astrophysics and the Open Journal of Astrophysics
Open Access Publishing in Astrophysics and the Open Journal of Astrophysics
Open Access Publishing in Astrophysics and the Open Journal of Astrophysics
Open Access Publishing and the Open Journal of Astrophysics
Open Access Publishing and the Open Journal of Astrophysics
Astrophysics & Cosmology Masterclass November 2021
Astrophysics & Cosmology Masterclass November 2021
Open Access Publishing and the Open Journal of Astrophysics
Open Access Publishing and the Open Journal of Astrophysics
The Eddington Eclipse Expeditions: How Ireland made Einstein Famous
The Eddington Eclipse Expeditions: How Ireland made Einstein Famous
Scholastica Webinar - The Open Journal of Astrophysics Project
Scholastica Webinar - The Open Journal of Astrophysics Project
Einstein, Eddington and the 1919 Eclipse Expeditions
Einstein, Eddington and the 1919 Eclipse Expeditions
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一比一原版(macewan学位证书)加拿大麦科文大学毕业证如何办理
原版一模一样【微信：741003700 】【(macewan学位证书)加拿大麦科文大学毕业证成绩单】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
办理(macewan学位证书)加拿大麦科文大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】外观非常简单，由纸质材料制成，上面印有校徽、校名、毕业生姓名、专业等信息。
办理(macewan学位证书)加拿大麦科文大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】格式相对统一，各专业都有相应的模板。通常包括以下部分：
校徽：象征着学校的荣誉和传承。
校名:学校英文全称
授予学位：本部分将注明获得的具体学位名称。
毕业生姓名：这是最重要的信息之一，标志着该证书是由特定人员获得的。
颁发日期：这是毕业正式生效的时间，也代表着毕业生学业的结束。
其他信息：根据不同的专业和学位，可能会有一些特定的信息或章节。
办理(macewan学位证书)加拿大麦科文大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】价值很高，需要妥善保管。一般来说，应放置在安全、干燥、防潮的地方，避免长时间暴露在阳光下。如需使用，最好使用复印件而不是原件，以免丢失。
综上所述，办理(macewan学位证书)加拿大麦科文大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】是证明身份和学历的高价值文件。外观简单庄重，格式统一，包括重要的个人信息和发布日期。对持有人来说，妥善保管是非常重要的。
Discovery of Merging Twin Quasars at z=6.05
We report the discovery of two quasars at a redshift of z = 6.05 in the process of merging. They were
serendipitously discovered from the deep multiband imaging data collected by the Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC)
Subaru Strategic Program survey. The quasars, HSC J121503.42−014858.7 (C1) and HSC J121503.55−014859.3
(C2), both have luminous (>1043 erg s−1
) Lyα emission with a clear broad component (full width at half
maximum >1000 km s−1
). The rest-frame ultraviolet (UV) absolute magnitudes are M1450 = − 23.106 ± 0.017
(C1) and −22.662 ± 0.024 (C2). Our crude estimates of the black hole masses provide log 8.1 0. ( ) M M BH = 3
in both sources. The two quasars are separated by 12 kpc in projected proper distance, bridged by a structure in the
rest-UV light suggesting that they are undergoing a merger. This pair is one of the most distant merging quasars
reported to date, providing crucial insight into galaxy and black hole build-up in the hierarchical structure
formation scenario. A companion paper will present the gas and dust properties captured by Atacama Large
Millimeter/submillimeter Array observations, which provide additional evidence for and detailed measurements of
the merger, and also demonstrate that the two sources are not gravitationally lensed images of a single quasar.
Unified Astronomy Thesaurus concepts: Double quasars (406); Quasars (1319); Reionization (1383); High-redshift
galaxies (734); Active galactic nuclei (16); Galaxy mergers (608); Supermassive black holes (1663)
Mites,Slug,Snail_Infesting agricultural crops.pdf
Order : Trombidiformes (Acarina) Class : Arachnida
Mites normally feed on the undersurface of the leaves but the symptoms are more easily seen on the uppersurface.
Tetranychids produce blotching (Spots) on the leaf-surface.
Tarsonemids and Eriophyids produce distortion (twist), puckering (Folds) or stunting (Short) of leaves.
Eriophyids produce distinct galls or blisters (fluid-filled sac in the outer layer)
Signatures of wave erosion in Titan’s coasts
The shorelines of Titan’s hydrocarbon seas trace flooded erosional landforms such as river valleys; however, it isunclear whether coastal erosion has subsequently altered these shorelines. Spacecraft observations and theo-retical models suggest that wind may cause waves to form on Titan’s seas, potentially driving coastal erosion,but the observational evidence of waves is indirect, and the processes affecting shoreline evolution on Titanremain unknown. No widely accepted framework exists for using shoreline morphology to quantitatively dis-cern coastal erosion mechanisms, even on Earth, where the dominant mechanisms are known. We combinelandscape evolution models with measurements of shoreline shape on Earth to characterize how differentcoastal erosion mechanisms affect shoreline morphology. Applying this framework to Titan, we find that theshorelines of Titan’s seas are most consistent with flooded landscapes that subsequently have been eroded bywaves, rather than a uniform erosional process or no coastal erosion, particularly if wave growth saturates atfetch lengths of tens of kilometers.
一比一原版美国佩斯大学毕业证如何办理
原版一模一样【微信：741003700 】【美国佩斯大学毕业证成绩单】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
办理美国佩斯大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】外观非常简单，由纸质材料制成，上面印有校徽、校名、毕业生姓名、专业等信息。
办理美国佩斯大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】格式相对统一，各专业都有相应的模板。通常包括以下部分：
校徽：象征着学校的荣誉和传承。
校名:学校英文全称
授予学位：本部分将注明获得的具体学位名称。
毕业生姓名：这是最重要的信息之一，标志着该证书是由特定人员获得的。
颁发日期：这是毕业正式生效的时间，也代表着毕业生学业的结束。
其他信息：根据不同的专业和学位，可能会有一些特定的信息或章节。
办理美国佩斯大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】价值很高，需要妥善保管。一般来说，应放置在安全、干燥、防潮的地方，避免长时间暴露在阳光下。如需使用，最好使用复印件而不是原件，以免丢失。
综上所述，办理美国佩斯大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】是证明身份和学历的高价值文件。外观简单庄重，格式统一，包括重要的个人信息和发布日期。对持有人来说，妥善保管是非常重要的。
22PH503 - Astronomy and Astrophysics - Unit 2 - Spectral Classification of Stars
Undergrad Physics - BSc Physics
seed production, Nursery & Gardening.pdf
This presentation offers a general idea of the structure of seed, seed production, management of seeds and its allied technologies. It also offers the concept of gene erosion and the practices used to control it. Nursery and gardening have been widely explored along with their importance in the related domain.
Mechanics:- Simple and Compound Pendulum
a compound pendulum is a physical system with a more complex structure than a simple pendulum, incorporating its mass distribution and dimensions into its oscillatory motion around a fixed axis. Understanding its dynamics involves principles of rotational mechanics and the interplay between gravitational potential energy and kinetic energy. Compound pendulums are used in various scientific and engineering applications, such as seismology for measuring earthquakes, in clocks to maintain accurate timekeeping, and in mechanical systems to study oscillatory motion dynamics.
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The Limited Role of the Streaming Instability during Moon and Exomoon Formation
It is generally accepted that the Moon accreted from the disk formed by an impact between the proto-Earth and
impactor, but its details are highly debated. Some models suggest that a Mars-sized impactor formed a silicate
melt-rich (vapor-poor) disk around Earth, whereas other models suggest that a highly energetic impact produced a
silicate vapor-rich disk. Such a vapor-rich disk, however, may not be suitable for the Moon formation, because
moonlets, building blocks of the Moon, of 100 m–100 km in radius may experience strong gas drag and fall onto
Earth on a short timescale, failing to grow further. This problem may be avoided if large moonlets (?100 km)
form very quickly by streaming instability, which is a process to concentrate particles enough to cause gravitational
collapse and rapid formation of planetesimals or moonlets. Here, we investigate the effect of the streaming
instability in the Moon-forming disk for the first time and find that this instability can quickly form ∼100 km-sized
moonlets. However, these moonlets are not large enough to avoid strong drag, and they still fall onto Earth quickly.
This suggests that the vapor-rich disks may not form the large Moon, and therefore the models that produce vaporpoor disks are supported. This result is applicable to general impact-induced moon-forming disks, supporting the
previous suggestion that small planets (<1.6 R⊕) are good candidates to host large moons because their impactinduced disks would likely be vapor-poor. We find a limited role of streaming instability in satellite formation in an
impact-induced disk, whereas it plays a key role during planet formation.
Unified Astronomy Thesaurus concepts: Earth-moon system (436)
Evaluation and Identification of J'BaFofi the Giant Spider of Congo and Moke...
ABSTRACT
The J'BaFofi, or "Giant Spider," is a mainly legendary arachnid by reportedly inhabiting the dense rain forests of
the Congo. As despite numerous anecdotal accounts and cultural references, the scientific validation remains more elusive.
My study aims to proper evaluate the existence of the J'BaFofi through the analysis of historical reports,indigenous
testimonies and modern exploration efforts.
Explainable Deepfake Image/Video Detection
Presentation of our paper, "Towards Quantitative Evaluation of Explainable AI Methods for Deepfake Detection", by K. Tsigos, E. Apostolidis, S. Baxevanakis, S. Papadopoulos, V. Mezaris. Presented at the ACM Int. Workshop on Multimedia AI against Disinformation (MAD’24) of the ACM Int. Conf. on Multimedia Retrieval (ICMR’24), Thailand, June 2024. https://doi.org/10.1145/3643491.3660292 https://arxiv.org/abs/2404.18649
Software available at https://github.com/IDT-ITI/XAI-Deepfakes
Anti-Universe And Emergent Gravity and the Dark Universe
Recent theoretical progress indicates that spacetime and gravity emerge together from the entanglement structure of an underlying microscopic theory. These ideas are best understood in Anti-de Sitter space, where they rely on the area law for entanglement entropy. The extension to de Sitter space requires taking into account the entropy and temperature associated with the cosmological horizon. Using insights from string theory, black hole physics and quantum information theory we argue that the positive dark energy leads to a thermal volume law contribution to the entropy that overtakes the area law precisely at the cosmological horizon. Due to the competition between area and volume law entanglement the microscopic de Sitter states do not thermalise at sub-Hubble scales: they exhibit memory effects in the form of an entropy displacement caused by matter. The emergent laws of gravity contain an additional ‘dark’ gravitational force describing the ‘elastic’ response due to the entropy displacement. We derive an estimate of the strength of this extra force in terms of the baryonic mass, Newton’s constant and the Hubble acceleration scale a0 = cH0, and provide evidence for the fact that this additional ‘dark gravity force’ explains the observed phenomena in galaxies and clusters currently attributed to dark matter.
TOPIC OF DISCUSSION: CENTRIFUGATION SLIDESHARE.pptx
Centrifugation is a powerful technique used in laboratories to separate components of a heterogeneous mixture based on their density. This process utilizes centrifugal force to rapidly spin samples, causing denser particles to migrate outward more quickly than lighter ones. As a result, distinct layers form within the sample tube, allowing for easy isolation and purification of target substances.
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22PH503 - Astronomy and Astrophysics - Unit 2 - Spectral Classification of Stars
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The Limited Role of the Streaming Instability during Moon and Exomoon Formation
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Evaluation and Identification of J'BaFofi the Giant Spider of Congo and Moke...
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Why Cosmology Isn't Boring
- 1. Dark Energy Survey Collaboration Meeting October 22nd 2014 Why Cosmology isn’t Boring Peter Coles (MPS) (@telescoper)
- 2. Dark Energy Survey Collaboration Meeting October 22nd 2014 Why the Standard Cosmology isn’t Boring Peter Coles (MPS) (@telescoper)
- 11. Precision Cosmology “…as we know, there are known knowns; there are things we know we know. We also know there are known unknowns; that is to say we know there are some things we do not know. But there are also unknown unknowns -- the ones we don't know we don't know.”
- 12. SAY “PRECISION COSMOLOGY” ONE MORE TIME…
- 13. Ingredients of the Standard Cosmology •General Relativity •Cold Dark Matter •Cosmological Constant •Cosmological Principle •Primordial Gaussian fluctuations •Inflation •Baryons •Neutrinos •Radiation…
- 14. Questionable Aspects of the Standard Cosmology •General Relativity •Cold Dark Matter •Cosmological Constant •Cosmological Principle •Primordial Gaussian fluctuations •Inflation •Baryons •Neutrinos •Radiation…
- 19. “CONCORDANCE”
- 25. The Meaning of Inflation (OED) 1.The action of inflating or distending with air or gas 2.The condition of being inflated with air or gas, or being distended or swollen as if with air 3.The condition of being puffed up with vanity, pride or baseless notions 4.The quality of language or style when it is swollen with big or pompous words; turgidity, bombast
- 26. Theories Bayesian Frequentist Observations
- 27. Cosmology is a massive exercise in data compression... Cosmology is an exercise in data compression ….but it is worth looking at the information that has been thrown away to check that it makes sense!
- 28. The Elephant in the Room
- 29. Beyond the Power Spectrum • So far what we have discovered is largely based on second-order statistics… • This is fine as long as we don’t throw away important clues… • ..ie if the fluctuations are statistically homogeneous and istropic, and Gaussian..
- 35. “If tortured sufficiently, data will confess to almost anything” Fred Menger
- 36. Beware the Prosecutor’s Fallacy! P(A|M)¹P(M|A)
- 37. CMB Anomalies •Type I – obvious problems with data (e.g. foregrounds) •Type II – anisotropies and alignments (North-South, Axis of Evil..) •Type III – localized features, e.g. “The Cold Spot” •Type IV – Something else (even/odd multipoles, magnetic fields, ?)
- 39. Low Quadrupole?
- 41. (from Copi et al. 2005)
- 42. (from Hansen et al. 2004)
- 45. A. There’s no problem at all with LCDM… B. There are interesting indications… C. There’s definitely evidence of new physics
- 53. The “Maximally Boring Universe”? • There are many unanswered theoretical questions! • So far the questions we’ve asked have been the “easy” ones • Now that this “boring” stuff is out of the way, cosmology will start to get interesting! • Because we now have a better idea what to ask!
- 54. BICEP2
- 55. 23 October 2014
- 56. 23 October 2014