Minimizing carbon intensity in telecom networks using TCO techniques is a white paper that discusses:
1) Telecom networks are growing to meet increasing data usage, but operators must ensure carbon emissions do not increase significantly.
2) The TCO2 framework allows operators to evaluate network investment decisions based on both economic and environmental impacts to lower costs and carbon footprint simultaneously.
3) Using TCO2, operators can analyze alternative network designs and efficiency features to maximize energy efficiency and minimize carbon intensity of traffic growth.
Ericsson White Paper - Minimizing carbon intensity in telecom networks using TCO techniques
A methodology for optimizing energy efficiency in networks based on the total cost of ownership approach.
Incentives to Improve Energy Efficiency in EU GridsLeonardo ENERGY
Highlights:
* Investigates the energy efficiency aspects of network design and operation based on the Energy Efficiency Directive and its provisions for network tariffs and regulation.
* Suggests that both equipment replacement and operational improvements can lead to greater efficiency.
* Assesses whether regulatory mechanisms for network tariffs in Germany, UK and Spain provide an incentive for energy efficiency in the grid.
* Evaluates several policy options for improving technical efficiency in grids.
* Presents four main steps for implementation in practice.
Recent many works have concentrated on
dynamically turning on/off some base stations (BSs) in order to
improve energy efficiency in radio access networks (RANs). In
this survey, we broaden the research over BS switching
operations, which should competition up with traffic load
variations. The proposed method formulate the traffic variations
as a Markov decision process which should differ from dynamic
traffic loads which are still quite challenging to precisely forecast.
A reinforcement learning framework based BS switching
operation scheme was designed in order to minimize the energy
consumption of RANs. Furthermore a transfer actor-critic
algorithm (TACT) is used to speed up the ongoing learning
process, which utilizes the transferred learning expertise in
historical periods or neighboring regions. The proposed TACT
algorithm performs jumpstart and validates the feasibility of
significant energy efficiency increment.
Electricity Demand Side Management and End-use efficiencyeecfncci
This presentation give an overview about demand side management and end-use efficiency for electricity supply systems. It was prepared for energy auditor training in Nepal in the context of GIZ/NEEP programme. For further information go to EEC webpage: http://eec-fncci.org/
Ericsson White Paper - Minimizing carbon intensity in telecom networks using TCO techniques
A methodology for optimizing energy efficiency in networks based on the total cost of ownership approach.
Incentives to Improve Energy Efficiency in EU GridsLeonardo ENERGY
Highlights:
* Investigates the energy efficiency aspects of network design and operation based on the Energy Efficiency Directive and its provisions for network tariffs and regulation.
* Suggests that both equipment replacement and operational improvements can lead to greater efficiency.
* Assesses whether regulatory mechanisms for network tariffs in Germany, UK and Spain provide an incentive for energy efficiency in the grid.
* Evaluates several policy options for improving technical efficiency in grids.
* Presents four main steps for implementation in practice.
Recent many works have concentrated on
dynamically turning on/off some base stations (BSs) in order to
improve energy efficiency in radio access networks (RANs). In
this survey, we broaden the research over BS switching
operations, which should competition up with traffic load
variations. The proposed method formulate the traffic variations
as a Markov decision process which should differ from dynamic
traffic loads which are still quite challenging to precisely forecast.
A reinforcement learning framework based BS switching
operation scheme was designed in order to minimize the energy
consumption of RANs. Furthermore a transfer actor-critic
algorithm (TACT) is used to speed up the ongoing learning
process, which utilizes the transferred learning expertise in
historical periods or neighboring regions. The proposed TACT
algorithm performs jumpstart and validates the feasibility of
significant energy efficiency increment.
Electricity Demand Side Management and End-use efficiencyeecfncci
This presentation give an overview about demand side management and end-use efficiency for electricity supply systems. It was prepared for energy auditor training in Nepal in the context of GIZ/NEEP programme. For further information go to EEC webpage: http://eec-fncci.org/
Review: Potential Ecodesign regulation for economic cable conductor sizing in...Leonardo ENERGY
Increasing the conductor cross sectional area (CSA) of a cable reduces its energy losses. The most economic CSA is that for which the cable investment cost is equal to the total lifetime cost of energy losses.
Cable sizing is subject to regulation through national building codes, but these only take safety and aspects of functionality into account, not energy efficiency. These mandatory cable sizing prescriptions have given rise to the general misconception that following them precisely is best practice. The notion that the regulations are only the bare minimum requirement is often disregarded. As a result, economic cable sizing is not usually even taken into consideration during installation design or energy management initiatives.
Economic cable sizing cannot be derived just from the physical design parameters, but depends on the load profile of the electrical circuit in which the cable is used. Consequently, it is not the cable and its current-carrying capacity that should be regulated, but the choice of the cable cross section in the context of the electrical circuit and its load profile – in other words the installed cable system.
Approximately 8% of the electrical energy generated in the EU gets lost in the network between generation and end-use. Of this 8%, around 6% represents losses in the transmission and distribution network and 2% is behind-the-meter. Of the latter, 1.5% can be attributed to non-residential buildings – around 50 TWh per year – and the remaining 0.5% to residential buildings.
Highlights:
* Discusses power quality contracts and classification systems.
* Concludes that premium power quality contracts are attractive for customers with sensitive processes.
* Most contracts deal with interruptions and voltage dips.
* Results show that the quality of supply increased with a power quality contract.
* Utility companies are not driven to pay the penalty but to increase the quality.
Mixed integer nonlinear programming (MINLP)-based bandwidth utility function ...IJECEIAES
The development of the internet in this era of globalization has increased fast. The need for internet becomes unlimited. Utility functions as one of measurements in internet usage, were usually associated with a level of satisfaction of users for the use of information services used. There are three internet pricing schemes used, that are flat fee, usage based and two-part tariff schemes by using one of the utility function which is Bandwidth Diminished with Increasing Bandwidth with monitoring cost and marginal cost. Internet pricing scheme will be solved by LINGO 13.0 in form of non-linear optimization problems to get optimal solution. The optimal solution is obtained using the either usage-based pricing scheme model or two-part tariff pricing scheme model for each services offered, if the comparison is with flat-fee pricing scheme. It is the best way for provider to offer network based on usage based scheme. The results show that by applying two part tariff scheme, the providers can maximize its revenue either for homogeneous or heterogeneous consumers.
In this webinar, the editors of the Green Book on the “Electricity Supply Systems of the Future” will describe their long journey to summarize the collective knowledge acquired in CIGRE Study Committees. This journey can never be over, as visions become realities or become obsolete and new challenges and developments unavoidably appear. Nevertheless, the Green Book provides CIGRE’s unique and unbiased technical views for the current and future state of electricity supply systems. It also shows the value of global collaborative work of numerous experts from industry and academia mobilized within the CIGRE community. CIGRE is the foremost authority for end-to-end power system expertise.
Demand Side Management” means the actions of a Distribution Licensee, beyond the customer's meter, with the objective of altering the end-use of electricity
AN INVESTIGATION OF THE ENERGY CONSUMPTION BY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY EQUIPMENTSijcsit
The World Wide Web and the rise of servers and PC's data centers have become a major position in the
overall power consumption of the world. In order to prevent global warming and ensuing disasters, already
Internet-service providers, hosting providers on green power have changed. Even household energy
suppliers offer green electricity from renewable energy such as wind, solar, biomass and hydro, which
emits no carbon dioxide, to stand against global warming. Only a global change for the information
technology can prevent the global-warming. The switch to renewable energy is the beginning of our future
and must be pursued as well as the research and development in information and communication
technology.
Electric motors
Editorial - Policy solutions - Facts - Interview - Success stories - Improving market surveillance - Extended product approach - Motor maintenance and refurbishment - Accelerated replacement of less efficient motor stock - Developing powertrains for electric mobility free of critical raw materials - World landscape
The goal of DecarbEurope is to engage decision-makers in policy and industry with solutions that can, in a cost-effective manner, decarbonise Europe at the scale and speed that is needed to achieve our climate goals.
As an ecosystem of twenty sectors — and growing — the initiative connects technologies, policies, and markets. Partners of DecarbEurope commit themselves to common values of deep decarbonisation, cost-effectiveness, circularity, sector-coupling and consumer engagement.
Electric motors play a major role in all economic sectors (industrial, tertiary, residential, agricultural and in transportation), to deliver in a reliable and efficient way mechanical power to a huge variety of processes and services
Using Demand-Side Management to Support Electricity GridsLeonardo ENERGY
Demand-side management measures can be used to support electricity grids by relieving network constraints and/or providing services for electricity network system operators.
This webinar will summarise the results from detailed case studies of 64 DSM grid support projects from 13 different countries around the world implemented between the early 1990s and 2008.
The webinar will cover the following topics:
* identifying the value of a DSM grid support project to different categories of stakeholders;
* evaluating and acquiring demand-side resources for grid support;
* incorporating demand-side measures into grid planning;
* the role of load control and smart metering in supporting electricity grids.
It’s now common knowledge, that the ICT sector contributes 2% of global emissions. Projected growth in this sector means that we can expect to see this increase to 3% by 20201. That’s not much when compared to other sectors, and in fact the telecommunications sector as a whole is a relatively small emitter. That said, on a global basis, that’s the equivalent of three times Australia’s current greenhouse inventory2.
However, is fair to say that telecommunications is less a cause of the problem, than a big part of the solution. In 2007, Telstra released a report, Towards a HighBandwidth, Low-Carbon Future, in which we estimate that telecommunications could reduce Australia’s greenhouse gas emissions by as much as 5 per cent per annum by 2015.
Demand Management is understood as one of the core functions of a smart grid. ISGAN is publishing a case book focusing on Demand Management projects, where member countries have volunteered cases for the purposes of increasing knowledge and collaboration between stakeholders on smart grid project planning, implementation and management. The cases included in the report represent a broad range of economic, political, geographical, structural, cultural and market contexts, intended to promote more sophisticated conversation about lessons learned and best practices across stakeholders.
The webinar will focus on one of the case studies discussed in the report, and in particular on the initiatives on customer engagement in Italy.
A holistic approach to assessing the climate-positive effects of ICT.
A holistic methodology is necessary for assessing the potential reduction of CO2
e emissions. Life cycle assessment (LCA) is a well-established method and can be used for comparing emissions created in different scenarios. Standardized LCA methods can be used to identify solutions with the lowest CO2e emissions.
They provide society as a whole with the methods to assess a large number of possible solutions, to quantify the magnitude of potential reductions, and to show where these reductions could take place.
An overview of Demand Side Management with a concept of demand and supply in Power Distribution with Demand Response and Energy Efficiency in adherence to Indian Installation Capacity
Kenya’s main electricity producer walks us through their efforts in energy efficiency including their 2010 CFL program and other energy management projects.
Review: Potential Ecodesign regulation for economic cable conductor sizing in...Leonardo ENERGY
Increasing the conductor cross sectional area (CSA) of a cable reduces its energy losses. The most economic CSA is that for which the cable investment cost is equal to the total lifetime cost of energy losses.
Cable sizing is subject to regulation through national building codes, but these only take safety and aspects of functionality into account, not energy efficiency. These mandatory cable sizing prescriptions have given rise to the general misconception that following them precisely is best practice. The notion that the regulations are only the bare minimum requirement is often disregarded. As a result, economic cable sizing is not usually even taken into consideration during installation design or energy management initiatives.
Economic cable sizing cannot be derived just from the physical design parameters, but depends on the load profile of the electrical circuit in which the cable is used. Consequently, it is not the cable and its current-carrying capacity that should be regulated, but the choice of the cable cross section in the context of the electrical circuit and its load profile – in other words the installed cable system.
Approximately 8% of the electrical energy generated in the EU gets lost in the network between generation and end-use. Of this 8%, around 6% represents losses in the transmission and distribution network and 2% is behind-the-meter. Of the latter, 1.5% can be attributed to non-residential buildings – around 50 TWh per year – and the remaining 0.5% to residential buildings.
Highlights:
* Discusses power quality contracts and classification systems.
* Concludes that premium power quality contracts are attractive for customers with sensitive processes.
* Most contracts deal with interruptions and voltage dips.
* Results show that the quality of supply increased with a power quality contract.
* Utility companies are not driven to pay the penalty but to increase the quality.
Mixed integer nonlinear programming (MINLP)-based bandwidth utility function ...IJECEIAES
The development of the internet in this era of globalization has increased fast. The need for internet becomes unlimited. Utility functions as one of measurements in internet usage, were usually associated with a level of satisfaction of users for the use of information services used. There are three internet pricing schemes used, that are flat fee, usage based and two-part tariff schemes by using one of the utility function which is Bandwidth Diminished with Increasing Bandwidth with monitoring cost and marginal cost. Internet pricing scheme will be solved by LINGO 13.0 in form of non-linear optimization problems to get optimal solution. The optimal solution is obtained using the either usage-based pricing scheme model or two-part tariff pricing scheme model for each services offered, if the comparison is with flat-fee pricing scheme. It is the best way for provider to offer network based on usage based scheme. The results show that by applying two part tariff scheme, the providers can maximize its revenue either for homogeneous or heterogeneous consumers.
In this webinar, the editors of the Green Book on the “Electricity Supply Systems of the Future” will describe their long journey to summarize the collective knowledge acquired in CIGRE Study Committees. This journey can never be over, as visions become realities or become obsolete and new challenges and developments unavoidably appear. Nevertheless, the Green Book provides CIGRE’s unique and unbiased technical views for the current and future state of electricity supply systems. It also shows the value of global collaborative work of numerous experts from industry and academia mobilized within the CIGRE community. CIGRE is the foremost authority for end-to-end power system expertise.
Demand Side Management” means the actions of a Distribution Licensee, beyond the customer's meter, with the objective of altering the end-use of electricity
AN INVESTIGATION OF THE ENERGY CONSUMPTION BY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY EQUIPMENTSijcsit
The World Wide Web and the rise of servers and PC's data centers have become a major position in the
overall power consumption of the world. In order to prevent global warming and ensuing disasters, already
Internet-service providers, hosting providers on green power have changed. Even household energy
suppliers offer green electricity from renewable energy such as wind, solar, biomass and hydro, which
emits no carbon dioxide, to stand against global warming. Only a global change for the information
technology can prevent the global-warming. The switch to renewable energy is the beginning of our future
and must be pursued as well as the research and development in information and communication
technology.
Electric motors
Editorial - Policy solutions - Facts - Interview - Success stories - Improving market surveillance - Extended product approach - Motor maintenance and refurbishment - Accelerated replacement of less efficient motor stock - Developing powertrains for electric mobility free of critical raw materials - World landscape
The goal of DecarbEurope is to engage decision-makers in policy and industry with solutions that can, in a cost-effective manner, decarbonise Europe at the scale and speed that is needed to achieve our climate goals.
As an ecosystem of twenty sectors — and growing — the initiative connects technologies, policies, and markets. Partners of DecarbEurope commit themselves to common values of deep decarbonisation, cost-effectiveness, circularity, sector-coupling and consumer engagement.
Electric motors play a major role in all economic sectors (industrial, tertiary, residential, agricultural and in transportation), to deliver in a reliable and efficient way mechanical power to a huge variety of processes and services
Using Demand-Side Management to Support Electricity GridsLeonardo ENERGY
Demand-side management measures can be used to support electricity grids by relieving network constraints and/or providing services for electricity network system operators.
This webinar will summarise the results from detailed case studies of 64 DSM grid support projects from 13 different countries around the world implemented between the early 1990s and 2008.
The webinar will cover the following topics:
* identifying the value of a DSM grid support project to different categories of stakeholders;
* evaluating and acquiring demand-side resources for grid support;
* incorporating demand-side measures into grid planning;
* the role of load control and smart metering in supporting electricity grids.
It’s now common knowledge, that the ICT sector contributes 2% of global emissions. Projected growth in this sector means that we can expect to see this increase to 3% by 20201. That’s not much when compared to other sectors, and in fact the telecommunications sector as a whole is a relatively small emitter. That said, on a global basis, that’s the equivalent of three times Australia’s current greenhouse inventory2.
However, is fair to say that telecommunications is less a cause of the problem, than a big part of the solution. In 2007, Telstra released a report, Towards a HighBandwidth, Low-Carbon Future, in which we estimate that telecommunications could reduce Australia’s greenhouse gas emissions by as much as 5 per cent per annum by 2015.
Demand Management is understood as one of the core functions of a smart grid. ISGAN is publishing a case book focusing on Demand Management projects, where member countries have volunteered cases for the purposes of increasing knowledge and collaboration between stakeholders on smart grid project planning, implementation and management. The cases included in the report represent a broad range of economic, political, geographical, structural, cultural and market contexts, intended to promote more sophisticated conversation about lessons learned and best practices across stakeholders.
The webinar will focus on one of the case studies discussed in the report, and in particular on the initiatives on customer engagement in Italy.
A holistic approach to assessing the climate-positive effects of ICT.
A holistic methodology is necessary for assessing the potential reduction of CO2
e emissions. Life cycle assessment (LCA) is a well-established method and can be used for comparing emissions created in different scenarios. Standardized LCA methods can be used to identify solutions with the lowest CO2e emissions.
They provide society as a whole with the methods to assess a large number of possible solutions, to quantify the magnitude of potential reductions, and to show where these reductions could take place.
An overview of Demand Side Management with a concept of demand and supply in Power Distribution with Demand Response and Energy Efficiency in adherence to Indian Installation Capacity
Kenya’s main electricity producer walks us through their efforts in energy efficiency including their 2010 CFL program and other energy management projects.
Rethinking energy performance: increase app coverage, lower energyEricsson
The mobile industry today is in a state of constant growth. To adapt to these changing dynamics, operators are adopting multi-standard, multi-band, and multi-layer network architectures – rendering box-to-box energy comparisons relatively meaningless.
To achieve sustainable energy reductions, operators must address energy performance from a holistic perspective, considering impacts and improvements across their entire network. This paper discusses how operators can increase both the coverage and capacity of their mobile networks while reducing their energy use on the road to 5G.
Green telecom layered framework for calculating carbon footprint of telecom n...eSAT Journals
Abstract This paper presents the concept of green telecommunication network, and provides information about the carbon footprint within the fixed-line and wireless communication network. A section is devoted to describe the method with an example to calculate the carbon footprint of telecom network using Green Telecom Layered Framework. This framework aids in bridging the chasm between managing and mitigating the concentration of Green House Gases (GHG). The aim is to introduce the reader to the present green telecommunication, and outline the necessity of energy efficiency in Information and Communication Technology (ICT). This paper provides a comprehensive reference for growing base of researchers who will work on the energy efficiency of telecom network in near future. Index Terms: Green Telecom, Carbon Footprint, Layered Framework, and Green Network
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Abstract: Energy efficiency in all the aspects of human life has become a major concern, due to significant environment impact as well as it economic importance. Information and Communication Technology (ICT) estimated 2-10% of the global consumption but is also expected to enable global energy efficiency through new technologies tightly dependent on networks. Specially, a network model based on G-network quening theory is built, which can incorporate all the important parameters of power consumption together with traditional performance metric and routing control capability. Our goal is to control both power configuration of pipeline and way to distribute traffic flow among them. Optimization policy having best tradeoff between power consumption and packet latency times. The achieved results demonstrate how the proposed model can effectively represent energy and network-aware performance indexes.
Optimal Expenditure and Benefit Cost Based Location, Size and Type of DGs in ...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
The economic issue is an essential element to determine whether DG should be installed or not. This work presents the economical approach for multi-type DGs placement in microgrid systems with more comprehensive overview from DG’s owner perspective. Adaptive Real Coded GA (ARC-GA) with replacement process is developed to determine the location, type, and rating of DGs so as the maximum profit is achieved. The objectives of this paper are maximizing benefit cost and minimizing expenditure cost. All objectives are optimized while maintaining the bus voltage at the acceptable range and the DGs penetration levels are below of the DGs capacities.The proposed method is applied on the 33 bus microgrids systems using conventional and renewable DG technology, namely Photovoltaic (PV), Wind Turbine (WT), Micro Turbine (MT) and Gas Turbine (GT). The simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Empirical studies have revealed that a significant amount of energy is lost unnecessarily in the
network architectures, protocols, routers and various other network devices. Thus there is a need for techniques
to obtain green networking in the computer architecture which can lead to energy saving. Green networking is
an emerging phenomenon in the computer industry because of its economic and environmental benefits. Saving
energy leads to cost-cutting and lower emission of greenhouse gases which are apparently one of the major
threats to the environment. ’Greening’ as the name suggests is the process of constructing network architecture
in such a way so as to avoid unnecessary loss of power and energy due its various components and can be
implemented using various techniques out of which four are mentioned in this review paper, namely Adaptive
link rate (ALR), Dynamic Voltage and Frequency scaling(DVFS), Interface proxying and energy aware
applications and software.
The digital marketing industry is changing faster than ever and those who don’t adapt with the times are losing market share. Where should marketers be focusing their efforts? What strategies are the experts seeing get the best results? Get up-to-speed with the latest industry insights, trends and predictions for the future in this panel discussion with some leading digital marketing experts.
When most people in the industry talk about online or digital reputation management, what they're really saying is Google search and PPC. And it's usually reactive, left dealing with the aftermath of negative information published somewhere online. That's outdated. It leaves executives, organizations and other high-profile individuals at a high risk of a digital reputation attack that spans channels and tactics. But the tools needed to safeguard against an attack are more cybersecurity-oriented than most marketing and communications professionals can manage. Business leaders Leaders grasp the importance; 83% of executives place reputation in their top five areas of risk, yet only 23% are confident in their ability to address it. To succeed in 2024 and beyond, you need to turn online reputation on its axis and think like an attacker.\
Key Takeaways:
- New framework for examining and safeguarding an online reputation
- Tools and techniques to keep you a step ahead
- Practical examples that demonstrate when to act, how to act and how to recover
How to Run Landing Page Tests On and Off Paid Social PlatformsVWO
Join us for an exclusive webinar featuring Mariate, Alexandra and Nima where we will unveil a comprehensive blueprint for crafting a successful paid media strategy focused on landing page testing.With escalating costs in paid advertising, understanding how to maximize each visitor’s experience is crucial for retention and conversion.
This session will dive into the methodologies for executing and analyzing landing page tests within paid social channels, offering a blend of theoretical knowledge and practical insights.
The Pearmill team will guide you through the nuances of setting up and managing landing page experiments on paid social platforms. You will learn about the critical rules to follow, the structure of effective tests, optimal conversion duration and budget allocation.
The session will also cover data analysis techniques and criteria for graduating landing pages.
In the second part of the webinar, Pearmill will explore the use of A/B testing platforms. Discover common pitfalls to avoid in A/B testing and gain insights into analyzing A/B tests results effectively.
The What, Why & How of 3D and AR in Digital CommercePushON Ltd
Vladimir Mulhem has over 20 years of experience in commercialising cutting edge creative technology across construction, marketing and retail.
Previously the founder and Tech and Innovation Director of Creative Content Works working with the likes of Next, John Lewis and JD Sport, he now helps retailers, brands and agencies solve challenges of applying the emerging technologies 3D, AR, VR and Gen AI to real-world problems.
In this webinar, Vladimir will be covering the following topics:
Applications of 3D and AR in Digital Commerce,
Benefits of 3D and AR,
Tools to create, manage and publish 3D and AR in Digital Commerce.
First Things First: Building and Effective Marketing Strategy
Too many companies (and marketers) jump straight into activation planning without formalizing a marketing strategy. It may seem tedious, but analyzing the mindset of your targeted audiences and identifying the messaging points most likely to resonate with them is time well spent. That process is also a great opportunity for marketers to collaborate with sales leaders and account managers on a galvanized go-to-market approach. I’ll walk you through the methods and tools we use with our clients to ensure campaign success.
Key Takeaways:
-Recognize the critical role of strategy in marketing
-Learn our approach for building an actionable, effective marketing strategy
-Receive templates and guides for developing a marketing strategy
5 big bets to drive growth in 2024 without one additional marketing dollar AND how to adapt to the biggest shifting eCommerce trend- AI.
1) Romance Your Customers - Retention
2) ‘Alternative’ Lead Gen - Advocacy
3) The Beautiful Basics - Conversion Rate Optimization
4) Land that Bottom Line - Profitability
5) Roll the Dice - New Business Models
Videos are more engaging, more memorable, and more popular than any other type of content out there. That’s why it’s estimated that 82% of consumer traffic will come from videos by 2025.
And with videos evolving from landscape to portrait and experts promoting shorter clips, one thing remains constant – our brains LOVE videos.
So is there science behind what makes people absolutely irresistible on camera?
The answer: definitely yes.
In this jam-packed session with Stephanie Garcia, you’ll get your hands on a steal-worthy guide that uncovers the art and science to being irresistible on camera. From body language to words that convert, she’ll show you how to captivate on command so that viewers are excited and ready to take action.
The Forgotten Secret Weapon of Digital Marketing: Email
Digital marketing is a rapidly changing, ever evolving industry--Influencers, Threads, X, AI, etc. But one of the most effective digital marketing tools is also one of the oldest: Email. Find out from two Houston-based digital experts how to maximize your results from email.
Key Takeaways:
Email has the best ROI of any digital tactic
It can be used at any stage of the customer journey
It is increasingly important as the cookie-less future gets closer and closer
AI-Powered Personalization: Principles, Use Cases, and Its Impact on CROVWO
In today’s era of AI, personalization is more than just a trend—it’s a fundamental strategy that unlocks numerous opportunities.
When done effectively, personalization builds trust, loyalty, and satisfaction among your users—key factors for business success. However, relying solely on AI capabilities isn’t enough. You need to anchor your approach in solid principles, understand your users’ context, and master the art of persuasion.
Join us as Sarjak Patel and Naitry Saggu from 3rd Eye Consulting unveil a transformative framework. This approach seamlessly integrates your unique context, consumer insights, and conversion goals, paving the way for unparalleled success in personalization.
Mastering Local SEO for Service Businesses in the AI Era is tailored specifically for local service providers like plumbers, dentists, and others seeking to dominate their local search landscape. This session delves into leveraging AI advancements to enhance your online visibility and search rankings through the Content Factory model, designed for creating high-impact, SEO-driven content. Discover the Dollar-a-Day advertising strategy, a cost-effective approach to boost your local SEO efforts and attract more customers with minimal investment. Gain practical insights on optimizing your online presence to meet the specific needs of local service seekers, ensuring your business not only appears but stands out in local searches. This concise, action-oriented workshop is your roadmap to navigating the complexities of digital marketing in the AI age, driving more leads, conversions, and ultimately, success for your local service business.
Key Takeaways:
Embrace AI for Local SEO: Learn to harness the power of AI technologies to optimize your website and content for local search. Understand the pivotal role AI plays in analyzing search trends and consumer behavior, enabling you to tailor your SEO strategies to meet the specific demands of your target local audience. Leverage the Content Factory Model: Discover the step-by-step process of creating SEO-optimized content at scale. This approach ensures a steady stream of high-quality content that engages local customers and boosts your search rankings. Get an action guide on implementing this model, complete with templates and scheduling strategies to maintain a consistent online presence. Maximize ROI with Dollar-a-Day Advertising: Dive into the cost-effective Dollar-a-Day advertising strategy that amplifies your visibility in local searches without breaking the bank. Learn how to strategically allocate your budget across platforms to target potential local customers effectively. The session includes an action guide on setting up, monitoring, and optimizing your ad campaigns to ensure maximum impact with minimal investment.
Core Web Vitals SEO Workshop - improve your performance [pdf]Peter Mead
Core Web Vitals to improve your website performance for better SEO results with CWV.
CWV Topics include:
- Understanding the latest Core Web Vitals including the significance of LCP, INP and CLS + their impact on SEO
- Optimisation techniques from our experts on how to improve your CWV on platforms like WordPress and WP Engine
- The impact of user experience and SEO
How to Use AI to Write a High-Quality Article that Ranksminatamang0021
In the world of content creation, many AI bloggers have drifted away from their original vision, resulting in low-quality articles that search engines overlook. Don't let that happen to you! Join us to discover how to leverage AI tools effectively to craft high-quality content that not only captures your audience's attention but also ranks well on search engines.
Disclaimer: Some of the prompts mentioned here are the examples of Matt Diggity. Please use it as reference and make your own custom prompts.
Short video marketing has sweeped the nation and is the fastest way to build an online brand on social media in 2024. In this session you will learn:- What is short video marketing- Which platforms work best for your business- Content strategies that are on brand for your business- How to sell organically without paying for ads.
In this presentation, Danny Leibrandt explains the impact of AI on SEO and what Google has been doing about it. Learn how to take your SEO game to the next level and win over Google with his new strategy anyone can use. Get actionable steps to rank your name, your business, and your clients on Google - the right way.
Key Takeaways:
1. Real content is king
2. Find ways to show EEAT
3. Repurpose across all platforms
1. Minimizing carbon
intensity in telecom
networks using TCO
techniques
ericsson white paper
284 23-3137 Uen Rev A | February 2010
Authors: Ericsson Jesper Sjogren
2. 2
TCO2
• A GROWING CHALLENGE
Climate change is one of the most compelling global challenges of our time. Compared to other sectors
such as travel and transport, buildings and energy production, the ICT sector is relatively energy-lean,
responsible for about 2 percent of global energy use and subsequent carbon emissions (with telecom
representing just 0.6 percent).
While telecom is relatively energy-lean, telecom networks are still energy-driven and energy costs
represent a significant opex item that is increasingly important as energy prices rise and energy efficiency
continues to be in focus. The challenge for operators is to pursue growth in telecom networks, while
ensuring the 2 percent of global emissions does not significantly increase over the coming years.
This environmental challenge cannot be met in a static commercial or operating landscape. New
technologies and applications are driving growth in both mobile and fixed broadband data networks.
These networks are expanding to serve more subscribers and increasing traffic per subscriber. From
an environmental perspective, this means that while the absolute amount of energy consumed by
telecom networks is growing – along with associated CO2
e emissions – the carbon intensity of the
network traffic is lower than the activities the traffic replaces. The goal then is to increase energy
efficiency in driving additional traffic so the carbon intensity differential between that traffic and the
activities it replaces is as great as possible.
Due to the nature of networks, telecom operators need to employ a framework that not only includes
metrics to minimize carbon intensity, but also caters to network effects: the most efficient network
design draws together the maximum amount of traffic in the fewest nodes, given a set of constraints,
including transmission costs, spectrum limitations, radio link budgets and/or optical limits.
Each of the elements in an operator’s cost structure has an associated environmental impact.
Traditionally, this impact has been given relatively little consideration by operators when making network
investment decisions. Additionally, a methodology has not been in place for operators to understand
cost and environmental dimensions simultaneously.
There are many investment trade-offs to be studied along the way, and the approach that allows
these to be investigated in the most straightforward way isTCO. By linking CO2
e and associated cost
evolution estimates into theTCO framework, an operator has a powerful tool to use when considering
alternative network designs and power-saving features, evaluating traffic enhancements and minimizing
environmental impact while improving competitiveness.
Authors: Ericsson Jesper Sjogren
3. 3
TCO2
• A TOTAL APPROACH
In addition to cost-effective operations, operators are also recognizing the need to respond to the
climate change challenge by reducing the environmental impact of their operations.
Life-cycle assessment (LCA) is the most complete methodology used when a company is considering
its carbon footprint – in other words, its complete impact on CO2
e emissions. For telecom equipment, the
LCA framework includes carbon impacts from raw materials, manufacturing, transport and operations
until it is decommissioned and disposed of.
In the future, operators will need to find ways to balance investment decision-making so that it
is based on both economic and environmental grounds. The approach can be referred to as TCO2
,
and it can help telecom players
lower costs while simultaneously
reducing their carbon footprint.
LCA studies indicate that
more than two-thirds of all CO2
e
emissions associated with network
equipment during its lifetime
are attributed to its operation.
The TCO2
approach focuses
specifically on network operations
and efficiency gains that will lower
the carbon impact.
Today,TCO and CO2
e emissions
associatedwithnetworkoperations
are the primary focus for operators.
Operators, however, will need to
make investment decisions in the
long term that consider the total cost and total CO2
e impacts.
Telecom operators can use theTCO2
methodology in network operations to evaluate carbon emission
and energy consumption savings from different solutions and network scenarios.
When an operator is building a network – or rolling out more capacity or coverage – there are choices
and trade-offs to evaluate in designing and implementing the solution. When the issues primarily
involve costs, then TCO is an
effective framework to use when
evaluating different options.
TCO is useful when evaluating
two or more solutions that result
in the same potential to generate
revenues: in other words, build one
way and the annual cost structure
will be A, or build another way
and the cost structure will be B.
Both cases can have the same
revenue-generating potential, but
the profits and cash flows will differ
depending on the efficiency of
the implementation.
The cost mapping shown in
Figure 2 outlines a categorization
of annual costs in an operator’s
income statement. All capital
expenditures have been converted
Figure 1: The TCO2
model
Figure 2: A network operator’s cost structure
Authors: Ericsson Jesper Sjogren
4. 4
TCO2
• A TOTAL APPROACH
to depreciation, which is useful
when making comparisons
and trade-offs between
annual operating costs and
investment costs.
Business-driven costs are
thosedrivenbytherelationships
between the operator and
its customers, and between
the operator and other
operators (as well as corporate
overheads). The result of the
operator’s decisions relating
to its dealings with customers
and other operators can be expressed in terms of traffic, which is met with a given level of coverage,
capacity and quality. The operator must make decisions on how to build and operate a network to
fulfill those demands.The costs related to that demand fulfillment are network-driven, and these costs
are the object of the analysis.
The model illustrated in Figure 3 is used to calculate alternative scenarios in order to make
a cost comparison of dimensioning and building the network in different ways. TCO is used to
form an understanding of the cost dynamics (trade-offs) of employing a particular set of features or
design methods.
The result can be expressed in a number of ways. In addition to showing it as an absolute number,
it can also be divided by capacity or coverage, or the number of subscribers served by the underlying
network.This can result in a number of useful metrics:TCO per Erlang, megabyte (MB) served, square
kilometers (km2
) of coverage, and/or per subscriber.
Environmental impacts, CO2
e and carbon intensity also need to be calculated with the costs for
each scenario. The energy consumed, in terms of annual kilowatt hours (kWh), can be multiplied by
a carbon intensity figure for the power mix supplied by the electricity grid (metric tons of equivalent
carbon dioxide per megawatt hour or MTCO2
e/MWh) giving an amount of CO2
e for each scenario. Any
other operationally related CO2
e amount should be added to these figures. This includes any CO2
e
emitted by locally produced power, as well as figures from maintenance vehicles.
The sum total CO2
e for each scenario can be related to network traffic in terms of Erlangs, megabytes
of data per subscriber or per revenue unit to arrive at carbon intensity.
ENERGY EFFICIENCY
The TCO framework – along with associated carbon intensity figures – can be applied when minimizing
environmental impact. In a landscape of growing subscriber numbers and traffic, this means maximizing
the energy efficiency and minimizing the CO2
e costs of the delivered traffic. The approach is used in
a stepwise fashion starting with network design, which explores alternative ways to build a network
with the required coverage, capacity and quality, and which has the least environmental impact and
demands the fewest physical resources.
Figure 3: The TCO model
Authors: Ericsson Jesper Sjogren
5. 5
TCO2
• A TOTAL APPROACH
This approach is not limited
to “greenfield” network build-
outs,thoughthatiswherethebiggest
savingscanbemade.Italsoappliesto
capacity expansions, modernization,
network transformation and new
service offerings.
When designing and deploying
networks a key distinction should
be made between static and
dynamic power demands.
All electronic telecom equipment
consumes power when it is
switched on. Power supplies, basic
operating functions and signaling
between nodes (and in the case
of mobile communications,
between radio base stations
and mobile handsets) consume
power even when the network is
not carrying any traffic. In broad
terms, power-saving features
are designed to lower this static
power consumption. There are
many features today that monitor
network activity and successively
power down unneeded equipment
during times of low traffic without
degrading quality of service.
A significant portion of power
consumed by a network can be
termed “dynamic,” as it varies in
direct relationship with the amount
of traffic being handled in a network
at a given time. This portion of the
power consumption can be made more efficient – that is, more traffic can be handled with a given
amount of energy – by employing capacity-enhancing features. Most network equipment vendors have a
range of features designed to deliver more traffic through a given network.The effect of employing these
features is that less power is needed
for any unit of traffic. In growing
networks it is both cost effective and
environmentally friendly to deploy
as many capacity enhancements
as possible before adding more
sites or nodes. Examples of such
features are the use of AMR-HR
in mobile voice networks, and of
higher-order modulation schemes
for data transmission. Figure 4 is a
conceptual illustration of the way in
which energy efficiency is increased
through the use of a capacity-
enhancing feature.
Once all capacity-enhancing
features have been considered,
the next task in the step-by-step
approach is to consider power
solutions at the site and node level.
EFFICIENCY OPTIONS
Operators focusing on the efficiency of their existing networks, have various options.
Three of these are:
• modernizing and optimizing networks, including upgrading to energy-efficient network
hardware as part of network evolution, and reducing energy consumption in the installed
base by using energy-reducing software and capacity-enhancing features
• sharing assets and resources to leverage economies of scale and reduce CO2
from
higher utilization of assets and resources (by sharing operational resources, passive or
full network operators can substantially lower costs and environmental impact)
• changing the energy mix by supplying the network with less carbon-intensive energy
sources from the electrical grid, or by directly investing in renewable energy sources
such as solar and wind powered radio sites.
Operators must choose the best combination of these investment options to support their
business objectives.
Figure 4: Enabling energy-efficient growth through capacity enhancements
Authors: Ericsson Jesper Sjogren
6. 66
TCO2
• CONCLUSION
Exploring power on a site level is critical in developing regions, where many sites do not have
access to the electricity grid, or the grid supply is unstable. In such places, it is common to employ
diesel gensets to supply power locally. In these cases, it is especially useful to use theTCO2
approach
to optimize both costs and CO2
e emissions on the site level. Here there are many trade-offs to be
considered. For example:
• raising the allowable operating temperature on site wherever possible to lower the cooling
requirements, and lead to the use of smaller diesel gensets and to the associated reduction in fuel
consumption and CO2
e emissions
• adding appropriate battery capacity on site and regularly cycling the batteries to significantly
reduce genset running hours (both directly reducing CO2
e emissions, and indirectly by minimizing
field maintenance visits)
• using wind and solar solutions to further reduce genset running hours and, consequently, diesel
consumption and associated CO2
e emissions.
Note that each step under consideration entails a number of investments as well as savings.These
trade-offs can be thoroughly evaluated by using the TCO2
approach.
An additional area of potential savings, both in terms of costs and environmental impact – which is
specific to mobile networks – is network optimization. There are many network features and services
aimed at reducing interference and streamlining cell handovers, which are not immediately recognized
as contributing to energy efficiency.Their combined effect, though, is to maximize the amount of traffic
through a radio access network with a given amount of installed resources. Applying a TCO2
approach
to investments in these features and services generally indicates both an attractive cost trade-off
(versus adding more radio base station capacity) and better CO2
e emissions metrics.
Finally, the area of shared resources provides a number of alternatives to further reduce costs
and environmental impact. Resource sharing encompasses a wide spectrum from outsourcing field
maintenance and network operations, to network sharing on a passive or active basis. Each step
along the continuum can mean savings in both cost and CO2
e emissions. Both savings are derived
from sharing resources with other operators.
TCO is a powerful tool for isolating and calculating the financial impacts of employing a solution or
set of features in a network build-out or capacity expansion.
Each of the elements in an operator’s cost structure also has an associated environmental impact.
Traditionally, this environmental impact has been given relatively little consideration by operators when
making network investment decisions. Additionally, a methodology has not been in place for operators
to understand cost and environmental dimensions simultaneously. The TCO2
approach provides this
methodology, resulting in an ideal framework to assess both financial and environmental impacts of
building and operating networks.
Authors: Ericsson Jesper Sjogren
7. 7
TCO2
• GLOSSARY, REFERENCES
AMR-HR Adaptive Multi-Rate – Half Rate: AMR was adopted as the standard speech codec
by 3GPP in October 1998, and is now widely used in GSM and UMTS
capex capital expenditure
carbon intensity the amount of CO2
e emitted per unit of activity, for example, kgCO2
e/kWh of electricity
produced, kgCO2
e/km driven, kgCO2
e/subscriber, kgCO2
e/Erlang or kgCO2
e/MB
CO2
e the concentration of CO2
that would cause the same level of radiative forcing as a
given type and concentration of greenhouse gas; examples of such greenhouse gases
are methane, perfluorocarbons and nitrous oxide
depreciation the reduction in the value of long-term assets over their useful life
Erlang a unit of traffic in a network equivalent to one voice hour
ICT information and communications technologies
LCA life cycle assessment
opex operational expenditure, a measure of recurring costs
TCO total cost of ownership
TCO2
total cost of ownership + CO2
e emissions
GeSi, SMART 2020: Enabling the low carbon economy in the information age, Global e-Sustainability
Initiative, 2008.
http://www.gesi.org/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=tbp5WRTHUoY%3d&tabid=60
Measuring emissions right – assessing the climate-postive effects of ICT. Ericsson white paper,
December 2009
http://www.ericsson.com/technology/whitepapers/pdf/methodology_high2.pdf
Authors: Ericsson Jesper Sjogren