what is Heat Stroke and how it cause and what are it's symptoms and how to fight with it. Heat Stroke 2015 in karachi Total Deaths Ratio and vulnerability ratio with maps and details

3. INTRODUCTION:
• A heat-wave constitutes an extended period of hot weather relative to the
expected
conditions of the area at a particular time of year. A heat-wave can also
refer to a prolonged
period of a hot weather, which may be accompanied by high humidity.
• Heat stroke is also known as sun stroke or thermic fever. It happens when
the body’s mechanisms for controlling temperature fail. While many
people fell sick and faint during heat waves.
• Heat stroke occurs because of high external temperatures or physical
exertion.

4. WHAT IS HEAT STROKE?
• Heatstroke is a condition caused by the body overheating.
• This is the most serious form of heat injury.
• Heatstroke can occur if the body temperature rises to 104F (40C) or
higher.
• It can quickly damage the brain, heart, kidneys and muscles.
• It increases the risk of serious complications or deaths.

5. WHAT ARE SYMPTOMS OF HEATSTROKE:
• Headache.
• Dizziness and light-headedness.
• Lack of sweating despite the heat.
• Red, hot and dry skin.
• Muscle weakness or cramps.
• Nausea and vomiting.
• Rapid heartbeat, which may be either strong or weak.
• Rapid shallow breathing.
• Behavioral changes such as confusion.
• Unconsciousness.

7. CAUSES OF HEATSTROKE:
THERMOREGULATION:
• Normally the human body can maintain a stable
body temperature despite varying temperatures
externally in the environment. This is called
thermoregulation.
• Normal skin temperature is 32-34°C (89.6-93.2°F).
A body normally uses some techniques to cool
itself when the core temperature rises.
Heat stroke and other heat related conditions occur when the body is
exposed to high levels of heat and is unable to cool itself.

8. • Evaporation when the body produces
sweat that evaporates and cools the
body
• Radiation of heat from the body in
waves
• Convection currents of cool air or
water that runs over the skin to cool it
• Conduction when a cooler object is
brought in contact with the body and
its takes on the heat

9. • When the environmental temperatures are
higher than the body’s temperature, sweating
is the first and most important way of cooling
the body.
• Sweating is regulated by a part of the brain
called the hypothalamus. This part acts like a
thermostat and stimulates sweating in
response to excessive environmental heat. It
also asks the body to stop sweating when the
body is cool.
• If the environmental air is not saturated with
water, sweat will vaporize and cool the body
surface.

10. Heat stroke in Karachi
• During summer season, Karachi has displayed very high occasional
day temperatures.
The historic data of maximum temperatures for the months of June
for this mega urban 47 °C on 18th June 1979.
The 2015 heatwave provides the only recent data on health impacts
to inform priorities for planning and action in Karachi. In a span of less
than 10 days, the 2015 heatwave in Karachi affected 65,000 people.
40,000 were treated at hospitals and approximately 1,200 people
died.

11. Date Place Temperature
20 June 2015 Karachi 45 °C (113 °F)
20 June 2015 Larkana 49 °C (120 °F)
20 June 2015 Turbat 49 °C (120 °F)
20 June 2015 Sibi 49 °C (120 °F)
20 June 2015 Rahim Yar Khan 43 °C (109 °F)
20 June 2015 Dadu 44 °C (111 °F)
20 June 2015 Multan 40 °C (104 °F)
20 June 2015 Nawabshah 41 °C (106 °F)
20 June 2015 Hyderabad 42 °C (108 °F)

12. Min. & Max. Temperature Data of Karachi June 2015

13. Graphical Representation

14. Graphical Representation

15. The Following graph of Temperatures during the heat wave and associated
mortalities from June 20th to the 27th 2015.
Total Deaths : 874

16. • DHA
Faisal Cantonment
Liaqatabad Town
Manora Cantonment
Gulberg Town
Malir Town
Sadar Town
Karachi Cantonment
Shah Faisal Town
Gulshan e Iqbal Town
North Nazimabad Town
Bin Qasim Town
Landhi Town
Korangi Town
Jamshed Town
S.I.T.E Town
Orangi Town
New Karachi Town
• Gadap Town
Baldia Town
Keamari Town
Malir Cantonment
Korangi Cantonment

17. Karachi Town Total Deaths Rank By Total Deaths
Malir Town 197 1
Gulberg Town 101 2
Gulshan-e-Iqbal Town 84 3
Lyari Town 59 4
North Nazimabad Town 56 5
Jamshed Town 45 6
Korangi Town 42 7
Liaquatabad Town 40 8
Shah Faisal Town 40 9
New Karachi Town 36 10
Orangi Town 34 11
GADAP Town 32 12
Baldia Town 25 13
Landhi Town 24 14
Saddar Town 23 15
Keamari Town 13 16
S.I.T.E Town 12 17
Bin Qasim Town 11 18
Cantt 0 19
TOTAL 874

18. HEATSTROKE
PREVENTION:
WEAR LIGHT
LOOSE CLOTHING.
ACCLIMATE TO HOT
CONDITIONS SLOWLY.
AVOID EXERCISE DURING THE
HOTTEST PART OF THE DAY.
STAY WELL
HYDRATED

21. • Timeline of Atmospheric Condition showing Geo-potential Heights (m) And
Wind Vectors(m/s) Over Various Parts of the Country. Period from June 15-
26,
2015
Source: PMD, 2015
The analysis of the lower atmosphere (1500 – 3000m above sea level)
reveals that due
to a low pressure area over northeastern parts of India and a shallow low
over southeastern
parts of Pakistan, the wind direction over Karachi remained northwesterly,
which brought dry
and modified warm air to Karachi. Similarly at 500 hPa (5000 m above sea
level), as a result of
a low pressure area over northeastern parts of India the direction of winds
passing over Karachi
were northwesterly which also contributed in bringing dry and modified
warm air to Karachi.

22. OVERVIEW:
• Heatstroke is a condition caused by your body overheating, usually as
a result of prolonged exposure to or physical exertion in high
temperatures. This most serious form of heat injury, heatstroke, can
occur if your body temperature rises to 104 F (40 C) or higher. The
condition is most common in the summer months.
• Heatstroke requires emergency treatment. Untreated heatstroke can
quickly damage your brain, heart, kidneys and muscles. The damage
worsens the longer treatment is delayed, increasing your risk of
serious complications or death

23. • Talha Shakeel
• Tarique Iqbal
Prepared By: