The document provides an overview of Hadoop's development from its inception in 2005, highlighting significant milestones such as the release of Apache Hadoop 1.0.0 in 2011 and the introduction of YARN in 2013. It discusses the core components of Hadoop, including HDFS and MapReduce, and the broader ecosystem that supports it. The document also addresses the appropriate scenarios for using Hadoop, such as handling large-scale data operations.

1. What is Hadoop?
Hadoop Driven Digital Preservation
Clemens Neudecker
KB National Library of the Netherlands
SCAPE & OPF Hackathon
Vienna, 2 dec 2013

2. • Dec 2004: Dean/Ghemawat (Google) MapReduce paper
2
Timeline
• 2005: Doug Cutting and Mike Cafarella (Yahoo)
create Hadoop, at first only to extend Nutch
(the name is derived from Doug’s son’s toy elephant)
• 2006: Yahoo runs Hadoop on 5-20 nodes
This work was partially supported by the SCAPE Project.
The SCAPE project is co‐funded by the European Union under FP7 ICT‐2009.4.1 (Grant Agreement number 270137).

3. 3
Timeline
•March 2008: Cloudera founded
•July 2008: Hadoop wins TeraByte sort benchmark
(1st time a Java program won this competition)
•April 2009: Amazon introduce “Elastic MapReduce”
as a service on S3/EC2
•June 2011: Hortonworks founded
This work was partially supported by the SCAPE Project.
The SCAPE project is co‐funded by the European Union under FP7 ICT‐2009.4.1 (Grant Agreement number 270137).

4. 4
Timeline
•27 dec 2011: Apache Hadoop release 1.0.0
•June 2012: Facebook claim “biggest Hadoop cluster”,
totalling more than 100 PetaBytes in HDFS
•2013: Yahoo runs Hadoop on 42,000 nodes,
computing about 500,000 MapReduce jobs per day
•15 oct 2013: Apache Hadoop release 2.2.0 (YARN)
This work was partially supported by the SCAPE Project.
The SCAPE project is co‐funded by the European Union under FP7 ICT‐2009.4.1 (Grant Agreement number 270137).

5. 5
Contributions 2006 - 2011
(Cf. http://hortonworks.com/blog/reality-check-contributions-to-apache-hadoop/)
This work was partially supported by the SCAPE Project.
The SCAPE project is co‐funded by the European Union under FP7 ICT‐2009.4.1 (Grant Agreement number 270137).

6. 6
“Core” Hadoop
• Hadoop Common (formerly Hadoop Core)
• Hadoop MapReduce
• Hadoop YARN (MapReduce 2.0)
• Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS)
This work was partially supported by the SCAPE Project.
The SCAPE project is co‐funded by the European Union under FP7 ICT‐2009.4.1 (Grant Agreement number 270137).

7. 7
The wider Hadoop Ecosystem
• Ambari, Zookeeper (managing & monitoring)
• HBase, Cassandra (database)
• Hive, Pig (data warehouse and query language)
• Mahout (machine learning)
• Chukwa, Avro, Oozie, Giraph, and many more
This work was partially supported by the SCAPE Project.
The SCAPE project is co‐funded by the European Union under FP7 ICT‐2009.4.1 (Grant Agreement number 270137).

8. 8
The wider Hadoop Ecosystem
http://www.slideshare.net/cloudera/the-hadoop-stack-then-now-and-in-the-future-eli-collins-
charles-zedlewski-cloudera
This work was partially supported by the SCAPE Project.
The SCAPE project is co‐funded by the European Union under FP7 ICT‐2009.4.1 (Grant Agreement number 270137).

9. • “Hadoop is a hammer. Start by figuring out what house
you‘re gonna build.“
Alistair Croll
• “If all you have is a hammer, throw away everything
that is not a nail!“
Jimmy Lin
9
“Hadoop is a hammer”
This work was partially supported by the SCAPE Project.
The SCAPE project is co‐funded by the European Union under FP7 ICT‐2009.4.1 (Grant Agreement number 270137).

10. 10
MapReduce in 41 words (including “library”)
Goal: count the number of books in the library.
• Map:
You count up shelf #1, I count up shelf #2.
(The more people we get, the faster this part goes)
• Reduce:
We all get together and add up our individual counts.
(Cf. http://www.chrisstucchio.com/blog/2011/mapreduce_explained.html)
This work was partially supported by the SCAPE Project.
The SCAPE project is co‐funded by the European Union under FP7 ICT‐2009.4.1 (Grant Agreement number 270137).

11. MapReduce in a nutshell
Task1
Task 2
Task 3
Aggregated
Result
Aggregated
Result
Aggregated
Result
11 This work was partially supported by the SCAPE Project.
The SCAPE project is co‐funded by the European Union under FP7 ICT‐2009.4.1 (Grant Agreement number 270137).
Output data
Aggregated
Result
© Sven Schlarb

12. 12
MapReduce “v1” issues
• JobTracker as a single-point of failure
• Deficiencies in scalability, memory consumption,
threading-model, reliability and performance
(https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/MAPREDUCE-
278)
• Aim to support programming paradigms other than
MapReduce (BSP)
This work was partially supported by the SCAPE Project.
The SCAPE project is co‐funded by the European Union under FP7 ICT‐2009.4.1 (Grant Agreement number 270137).

13. 13
MapReduce vs YARN
(Cf. http://hortonworks.com/blog/office-hours-qa-on-yarn-in-hadoop-2/)
This work was partially supported by the SCAPE Project.
The SCAPE project is co‐funded by the European Union under FP7 ICT‐2009.4.1 (Grant Agreement number 270137).

14. 14
When to use Hadoop?
• Generally, always when “standard tools” don’t work
anymore because of sheer data size
(rule of thumb: if your data fits on a regular hard drive,
your better off sticking to Python/SQL/Bash/etc.!)
• Aggregation across large data sets: use the power of
Reducers!
• Large-scale ETL operations (extract, transform, load)
This work was partially supported by the SCAPE Project.
The SCAPE project is co‐funded by the European Union under FP7 ICT‐2009.4.1 (Grant Agreement number 270137).

15. Reading
• Tom White: Hadoop. The Definitive Guide
(get 3rd ed. for extra YARN chapter)
• YARN explained (really quite well):
http://blog.cloudera.com/blog/2012/02/mapreduce-2-
0-in-hadoop-0-23/
• Jimmy Lin: Text Processing with MapReduce:
http://lintool.github.io/MapReduceAlgorithms/ed1n.ht
ml
15 This work was partially supported by the SCAPE Project.
The SCAPE project is co‐funded by the European Union under FP7 ICT‐2009.4.1 (Grant Agreement number 270137).

16. 16
Happy Hadooping!
This work was partially supported by the SCAPE Project.
The SCAPE project is co‐funded by the European Union under FP7 ICT‐2009.4.1 (Grant Agreement number 270137).