GPON (Gigabit Passive Optical Network) is a fiber optic technology that brings optical fiber closer to homes and businesses to deliver high bandwidth internet access. It uses a point-to-multipoint architecture with passive splitters to deliver fiber connectivity in a cost-effective manner. GPON supports high speeds, legacy services, and new services like IPTV through efficient encapsulation methods. It consists of an optical line terminal at the provider and multiple optical network terminals connected through a passive optical distribution network.

1. What is GPON
With the development of society and technology, the using way of the Internet is
increasingly becoming diversified, which creates a great demand for very high
bandwidth. More and more people are working at home. Someone uploads or
downloads multimedia files for the high bandwidth demand. Someone plays games
online for the high speeds and immediate reactivity needs and so on. Therefore,
bringing optical fiber to every home is the definitive response to such demands for
greater bandwidth.
One way to provide fiber to the home is through GPON (Gigabit Passive Optical
Network). GPON is a point-to-multipoint access mechanism. Its main characteristic is
the use of passive splitters in the fiber distribution network, enabling one single
feeding fiber from the provider's central office to serve multiple homes and small
businesses.
Characteristics
• Performance
GPON supports several line rates for the upstream and downstream directions. It also
supports legacy ATM and packet-based transport. It even has an efficient Ethernet
transport capability, i.e. some of the Ethernet overhead is extracted during the
encapsulation process. Additionally, GPON supports packet fragmentation, enabling
efficient utilization of transport media. GPON provides adequate bandwidth and QoS
for the residential customers and small businesses and some of the large enterprise
services can also be supported.
• Services
GPON is planed to support efficiently legacy, current and future services. This is
enabled by the GEM encapsulation method, which can be enhanced to support future
technologies. In respect to scalability, GPON overcomes EPON with several line rate
options and, especially, with the larger offered bandwidth. Security can be
implemented with different encryption techniques, among which AES is the most
advanced one. For the traffic provisioning, GPON uses 12-bit port IDs as are used for
the Ethernet VLAN and ATM virtual channel identification.
• Video services (IPTV, CATV)
IPTV provides video service based on IP multicast. At the source end, different
1

2. program sources are configured with different multicast addresses, and reach the
ONU device through a series of broadcast servers.
In CATV mode, analog signals of traditional TV programs are transmitted over the
cables. Through electrical-to-optical conversion, video stream is converted into
downstream optical waves on the OLT, and then superposed with downstream optical
waves of the GPON in WDM mode (RF video - 1550nm). The superposed waves are
transmitted in downstream through an optical fiber. After these waves reach the
ONUs/ONUs, video signals are separated to provide video services.
• Cost-efficiency
In respect of cost, GPON cannot compete with EPON, due to the tighter physical
requirements of the transport components. GPON is the most complex of all the PONs
bringing challenges to the maintenance. The remote maintenance follows the same
standard as is used in SDH/SONET networks, already familiar to operators world-
wide.
• Convergence
GPON has the best support of all the PONs for heterogeneous networking. The most
important advantage of GPON is the GFP based adaptation layer, which is capable of
supporting any service whether it is packet or circuit oriented.
GPON is a fully optical architecture option and a GPON system consists of an optical
line terminal (OLT) that connects several optical network terminals (ONTs) together
using a passive optical distribution network (ODN). Like active Ethernet, it
aggregates users in what is called the "outside plant" or OSP, which means no mess of
fibers in a central office somewhere; like point-to-point, it avoids the need for active
electronics in the field by employing a passive OSP device (the optical splitter). Being
a passive device, the GPON splitter requires no cooling or powering and is therefore
extremely stable; in fact, it virtually never fails.
Huawei OLTs
SmartAX MA5600T Series Product
As the first aggregation OLT in the industry, the SmartAX MA5600T series products
integrate the aggregation and switching functions, provide the high-density GPON
and Ethernet P2P access, abundant GE/10GE ports, high precision clock and strong
platform capacity, provide the basic voice, high-speed internet, fluent video, steady
TDM and the Ethernet private line services, which can improve the network
reliability, reduce the investment in network construction, and reduce the O&M costs.
2

3. The Huawei MA5600T series product mainly includes the large-capacity MA5600T
and the medium-capacity Huawei MA5603T. The hardware and software of these two
models are fully compatible with each other to reduce the costs of spare parts and
O&M costs. The difference of MA5600T and MA5603T is that MA5600T provides
16 service slots and MA5603T provides 6 service slots.
Huawei ONTs
Optical fiber access era is coming. However, the lack of ONT is becoming the serious
challenge for FTTH deployment. As one of the most important part, ONT directly
affect the performance, reliability, maintainability and scalability of whole FTTH
network. With rich knowledge in the fiber access field and 10 years of accumulated
technology experience, Huawei launched a series of FTTH ONT.
HG863
The HG863 provides four GE/FE auto-adapting Ethernet ports and features high-
performance forwarding capabilities to ensure excellent experience with VoIP,
Internet and HD video services.
HG8010
Huawei HG8010 provides one POTS port and one GE/FE auto-adapting Ethernet port
and features high-performance forwarding capabilities.
HG8110
Huawei HG8110 provides one POTS port and one GE/FE auto-adapting Ethernet port
and ensures excellent experience with VoIP, Internet and HD video services.
HG8240
Huawei HG8240 provides two POTS ports and four GE/FE auto-adapting Ethernet
ports and ensures excellent experience with VoIP, Internet and HD video services.
3

4. HG8245
Huawei HG8245, a high-end home gateway, provides two POTS ports, four GE/FE
auto-adapting Ethernet ports and one Wi Fi port.
HG8247
Huawei HG8247, a high-end home gateway, provides two POTS ports, four GE/FE
auto-adapting Ethernet ports, one CATV port and one Wi Fi port.
For more information, you can log in www.huanetwork.com
It refers from
https://fenix.tecnico.ulisboa.pt
www.huawei.com
More related topics
Basic Layout of OLT
How to Add and Delete ONT on the OLT Device
The Feature of Huawei MA5600
ADSL2+ Dependency Feature and Limitation of MA5600T and MA5603T
MA5600T&5603T ADSL2+ Service Board Specifications
More Huawei products and Reviews you can visit: http://www.huanetwork.com/blog
Huanetwork.com is a world leading Huawei networking products distributor, we wholesale
original new Huawei networking equipments, including Huawei switches, Huawei routers,
Huaweisymantec security products, Huawei IAD, Huawei SFP and other Huawei networking
products. Our customers include telecom operators, Huawei resellers, ISP and system integrators.
Right now most of our sales are contributed by regular customers.
In Huanetwork Lab, also we have Huawei OLT, MDU, DSLAM and switch for customer do
remote testing, any potential customer are welcome to login to our lab. If you need a total Huawei
FTTx solution or Huawei ADSL solution for your network, also you may feel free to contact us.
Our website: http://www.huanetwork.com
Telephone: +852-30501940
Email: sales@huanetwork.com
Address: 23/F Lucky Plaza, 315-321 Lockhart Road, Wanchai, Hongkong
4