Week 5 EBP Project/Appraisal of Evidence CLC: EBP Research Table Citation Include the APA reference note. Abstract/Purpose Craft a 100-150 word summary of the research. Research/Study Describe the design of the relevant research or study in the article. Methods Describe the methods used, including tools, systems, etc. Setting/Subject Identify the population and the setting in which the study was conducted. Findings/Results Identify the relevant findings, including any specific data points that may be of interest to your EBP project. Variables Describe the independent and dependent variables in the research/study. Implication for Practice Articulate the value of the research to the EBP project your group has chosen. Independent Variable Dependent Variable King-Shier, K.M., Mather, C., &LeBlanc, P. (2013). Understanding the influence of urban or rural living on cardiac patients’ decisions about diet and physical activity: Descriptive decision modeling. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 50(11), 1513-1523. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2013.03.003 This research aims to answer to better understand the decision-making process of eating a heart healthy diet and extent of physical activity. Also, are these decisions influenced by whether the subject lives in a rural or urban setting. The research proposal was the cultural issues effected participants decision making as well as place of residence. This research used a previous qualitative research design in which 42 cardiac patients (21 urban, and 21 rural) were interviewed about their diet and physical activity. The researchers then designed a model for interviewing regarding the decision-making process. The combination model was then given and tested with 647 cardiac patients (327 urban and 320 rural) from Canada. The results were based on 93.5% accuracy for diet and 97.5 % accuracy with physical activity. Results indicated that decision-making was less about place of residence and more about perception of control over health including time, effort, or competing priorities, receipt of appropriate clear information, and appeal of the activity. A three-staged, multi-methods approach was used to develop and analyze the descriptive decision making model that patients use in making decisions regarding their cardiac lifestyle. A cross-sectional survey was used to interview patients one year post-cardiac catherization. These interviews were performed via telephone. A three stage decision tree model was then used to analyze the information offered. The stages were as follows: 1. Factors that were influential in decision making. 2. If and where failure had occurred for patients. 3. Did patients consistently, sometimes, or not at all engage in physical activity and a heart healthy diet. Results were then analyzed using statistical analysis. Information was gathered from a previous series of qualitative interviews conducted with 42 cardiac patients (21 rural, 21 urban). Based on the infor.

1. Week 5 EBP Project/Appraisal of Evidence
CLC: EBP Research Table
Citation
Include the APA reference note.
Abstract/Purpose
Craft a 100-150 word summary of the research.
Research/Study
Describe the design of the relevant research or study in the
article.
Methods
Describe the methods used, including tools, systems, etc.
Setting/Subject
Identify the population and
the setting in which the study was conducted.
Findings/Results
Identify the relevant findings, including any specific data points
that may be of interest to your EBP project.
Variables
Describe the independent and dependent variables in the
research/study.
Implication for Practice
Articulate the value of the research to the EBP project your
group has chosen.
Independent Variable
Dependent Variable

2. King-Shier, K.M., Mather, C., &LeBlanc, P. (2013).
Understanding the influence of urban or rural living on cardiac
patients’ decisions about diet and physical activity: Descriptive
decision modeling. International Journal of Nursing Studies,
50(11), 1513-1523. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2013.03.003
This research aims to answer to better understand the decision-
making process of eating a heart healthy diet and extent of
physical activity. Also, are these decisions influenced by
whether the subject lives in a rural or urban setting. The
research proposal was the cultural issues effected participants
decision making as well as place of residence. This research
used a previous qualitative research design in which 42 cardiac
patients (21 urban, and 21 rural) were interviewed about their
diet and physical activity. The researchers then designed a
model for interviewing regarding the decision-making process.
The combination model was then given and tested with 647
cardiac patients (327 urban and 320 rural) from Canada. The
results were based on 93.5% accuracy for diet and 97.5 %
accuracy with physical activity. Results indicated that decision-
making was less about place of residence and more about
perception of control over health including time, effort, or
competing priorities, receipt of appropriate clear information,
and appeal of the activity.
A three-staged, multi-methods approach was used to develop
and analyze the descriptive decision making model that patients
use in making decisions regarding their cardiac lifestyle. A
cross-sectional survey was used to interview patients one year
post-cardiac catherization. These interviews were performed via
telephone. A three stage decision tree model was then used to
analyze the information offered. The stages were as follows: 1.
Factors that were influential in decision making. 2. If and where
failure had occurred for patients. 3. Did patients consistently,
sometimes, or not at all engage in physical activity and a heart

3. healthy diet. Results were then analyzed using statistical
analysis.
Information was gathered from a previous series of qualitative
interviews conducted with 42 cardiac patients (21 rural, 21
urban). Based on the information gathered decision-models
were developed related to eating habits and physical activity.
The new model was tested with 42 more participants to ensure
accuracy. The final model was given to 647 cardiac patients
(327 urban, 320 rural). Final results were then examined to
determine decision-making differences for urban and rural
patients.
The population used for this research is post-cardiac
catherization patients from both rural and urban settings. The
location is Alberta, Canada. Information was synthesized from
a previous research project and then any new information was
gathered via telephone interviews.
When tested in succession, the models that were created were
found to be very accurate, 93.5% for diet and 97.5% for
physical activity. The items that were identified to impact
patient decision making were perception of control over
decision making including time, effort and competing priorities,
availability of educational information, and whether the
physical activity was appealing or not. Urban versus rural
residency was not determined to be a factor.
The independent variables include residency (urban versus
rural), decision making, and Post-cardiac care patients.
The dependent variables include compliance, healthy diet, and
physical activity..
This article will contribute to our EBP project in that it
provides a description of factors that influence the decision-
making process for post-cardiac catherization patients. Our
project seeks to understand more on the topic and this
article/research provides a good basis of answers and
knowledge. This article rules out the influence of location of
residency, but includes the values of culture, education, and

4. appeal of physical activity..
White, S., Bissell, P., & Anderson, C. (2011). A qualitative
study of cardiac rehabilitation patients’ perspectives on making
dietary changes. Journal of Human Nutrition & Dietetics, 24(2),
122-127. doi:10.1111/j.1365-277X.2010.01136.x
Making healthier food decisions is important for the secondary
prevention of Coronary Heart Disease (CHD). Per this research,
cardiac diet changes should be included in cardiac rehabilitation
(CR) programs. Though patients do not always make the
recommended dietary changes, this research seeks to explain
cardiac rehabilitation thoughts and feelings towards making and
maintaining healthy dietary changes. This study interviewed 15
post-myocardial infarction CR patients regarding lifestyle
changes, including diet. Follow-up interviews (9 months post
CHD diagnosis) were then conducted with 9 of the previous 15
CR patients to see if their perspectives on lifestyle
modifications had changed. Results indicated that patients only
made and maintained dietary changes if they perceived that diet
caused their CHD. Changes included “cutting out things” from
the diet, but not including food that was healthier.
A qualitative research design was used in conducting this
research. Participants were recruited from a CR program in
which participants were educated on diet, physical activity,
stress management, and medication. Within the education
patients were advised to eat more of some food and less of the
unhealthy foods. One of the authors of this research attended
the CR program and asked for volunteers to the study. Face-to-
face interviews were conducted with those that volunteered
regarding the information they has received during CR,
specifically, diet changes. 9 months later the 9 of the 15
participants were re-interviewed to see if their perspectives had
changed. Recurrent themes were identified and then analyzed

5. for validity.
The method used is face-to-face interviews. In the initial
interviews participants were asked about their perspective on
CHD, the CR program, their perspective on lifestyle changes
(including diet), and taking new medications. The second
interviews (conducted 9 months later) focused on the same
topics, but more on if their perspectives had changed. Open
ended questions were used for both sets of interviews. Data was
analyzed for common themes. The interview guides and
questions were revisited several times for clarity and validity.
The population interviewed was CHD patients that had recently
completed a CR program. The research involved 15 participants
(11 men and 4 women) that were all Caucasian and British.
Ages of participants varied from 42-65 years old and from
various socioeconomic backgrounds. Participants were recruited
from a UK district general hospital based CR program. 13 of the
participants were married or living with partners. None of the
participants were related to each other.
All participants indicated that having had a heart attack was
traumatic and very scary. The two common themes were fear of
another heart attack (next one possibly fatal) and the desire to
“get back to normal”. Dietary change themes were limited to
“cutting things out”, but not the inclusion of healthy foods that
were recommended. Those participants that maintained dietary
changes felt that their diet was the reason they had a heart
attack. Those that did not feel that diet was a factor did not
maintain the diets that they had been taught about.
. The independent variables include education, CR program, and
perception of diet related to previous myocardial infarction.
. The dependent variables include lifestyle changes and
maintenance of dietary changes after 9 months.
I don’t feel that this article or research is particularly useful to
the group EBP research. This research is limited by to number
of participants as well as the demographics of the participants.
All participants were of the same ethnicity and similar age
group. The sample size should have been larger and more

6. diverse in order to increase the validity of findings.
Kadda, O., Kotanidou, A., Stavridis, G., Nanas, S., &
Panagiotakos, D. B. (2015). Lifestyle interventions and one-
year prognosis of patients following open heart surgery: A
randomized clinical trial. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 24(11-
12), 1611-1621. doi: 10.1111/jocn.12762
The goal of this research is to evaluate the one-year prognosis
of post-open heart surgery patients that have received lifestyle
intervention counseling related to smoking cessation, diet, and
exercise. Lifestyle modification plays a huge role in patients
who are at high risk of developing cardiac disease or for those
that have an established cardiac disease history. Participants of
this study were placed into 2 groups (250 intervention group
and 250 control group) after they had open heart surgery and
were discharged from the hospital. The intervention group
participants were provided with lifestyle intervention
counseling, whereas the control group was given basic cardiac
patient discharge instructions. The primary end point was the
development of a cardiac disease (non-fatal) event within the
first year. Secondary end points included dietary habits and
physical activity evaluation, smoking cessation, and fatal
cardiac events. As a result, it was found that lifestyle
intervention counseling can improve health outcomes and
decrease fatal cardiac events post-open heart surgery.
This research was conducted with a randomized non-blind
format. 500 participants were involved, 250 of which were the
intervention group and 250 were the control group. The
intervention group involves post-open heart surgery lifestyle
change counseling, the control group only received cardiac
patient discharge instruction. The participants of both groups
were monitored on a monthly basis. After one year participants
of both groups were assessed based on both primary and
secondary end points. The participation of the one-year follow
up was 100%. After the one-year follow-up results were
evaluated and analyzed.

7. As mentioned, the method of this research was a randomized,
non-blind research project with one-year follow-up with
patients that received lifestyle intervention counseling as well
as with those who did not. Patients were interviewed prior to
open heart surgery to assess previous medical history, lifestyle
habits, and their willingness to change post-surgery. All follow-
up communication and interviewing was done via telephone.
Results from the one-year post interviews were then analyzed
based on end-points as well as compared to pre-surgery
interviews. The test statistic used was the two-sided Z test with
pooled variance.
537 consecutive open-heart surgery patients were asked to
participate in the research between 2008 and 2012. 37 of the
patients were excluded related to complications or preference to
not participate. Therefore, 500 patients that had open-heart
surgery related to CABG or valvular heart disease were
included in the research program. Participants were then
randomly assigned to either the control or intervention groups.
This research included a wide range in age and all races as the
participants were chosen in a consecutive fashion. This study
was performed in Athens, Greece.
The result of this research showed that the intervention group
was more likely to remain physically active, was more likely to
smoke, had higher incomes, and has more cases of hypertension
and obesity than the control group. The bottom line in this study
was those that modified behavior, whether through counseling
or on their own had better outcomes than those who did not.
The independent variable was post-open heart surgery lifestyle
intervention counseling.
The dependent variables included smoking cessation, dietary
changes, cardiac events (both fatal and non-fatal), and financial
status.
I do feel that this research is beneficial as it is directly related
to lifestyle modifications of cardiac patients. A large sample
was used and the study was conducted over four years,
including pre-surgical interviews, monthly check-ins, and one

8. year post-surgical evaluations.
Brewer, L.C., Kaihoi, B., Zarling, K.K., Squires, R.W., Thomas,
R. & Kopeck Y. S. (2015). The use of virtual world-based
cardiac rehabilitation to encourage healthy lifestyle choices
among cardiac patients: intervention development and pilot
study protocol. JMIR Research Protocol s, 4(2), e39. doi: 10.2
196/respires.4285
The use of cardiac rehabilitation, which is important towards
the treatment of patients who have been diagnosed with the
heart disease remains underutilized in the healthcare facilities.
This intervention involves educating the patients on the need to
embrace healthy living to alleviate the effects of the condition
in their bodies. To change the negative trend of the utilization
of cardiac rehabilitation, the quantitative article establishes that
the healthcare practitioner ought to employ virtual platforms
such as mobile applications and social media to sensitize the
public on the need to embrace healthy lifestyle as a long-term
treatment plan.
The quantitative study article utilizes randomized controlled
trial design, where the authors conduct the research on a given
population using two phases to establish the effectiveness
arising from the utilization of cardiac rehabilitation in the
treatment of different cardiovascular conditions.
The article focuses on analysis and modeling of patient data to
come up with certain statistical inferences regarding the use of
cardiac rehabilitation as an intervention to deal with
cardiovascular diseases.
The population subjected to the randomized controlled trial in
those undergoing a cardiac rehabilitation in the outpatient
department of a clinical setting as well as those embracing the
virtual platforms dedicated to the fight against cardiovascular
diseases.
It was established that the utilization of virtual world based
cardiac rehabilitation worked better for the patients diagnosed
with cardiovascular diseases as compared to the general
outpatient services received from the clinical settings

9. Lifestyle interventions such as virtual and conventional world-
based cardiac rehabilitation.
The health behavior of patients ailing from cardiovascular
diseases.
With the value of the conventional cardiac rehabilitation
programs having been tested for a considerable period, it is the
best time that care practitioners should utilize virtual platforms
such as internet enhance the health behavior of patients
suffering from cardiovascular diseases.
Rahmati Najarkollaci, F., Ghaffarpasand, E., Gholami
Fesharaki, M. & Jonaidi Jafari. N. (2015). Nutrition and
physical activity education; intervention on CHD risk factors a
systematic review study. Archives of Iranian Medicine,
18(1),51-57. Doi:0151801/AMI.0012Numerous
Numerous health conditions are caused by the lack of proper
information regarding the importance of nutrition and physical
activity towards body fitness, in this case, the qualitative study
article is aimed at exploring the existing information regarding
the importance of nutrition and physical activity towards
alleviation of the effects of chronic heart disease with more
focus on the risk factor involved. With the qualitative study
examining prior databases having rich information on different
chronic diseases, it empowered the authors to have solid
foundation regarding educational interventions on patients
ailing from prolonged heart. This implies that the qualitative
article gives great insight regarding the risk factors associated
with chronic diseases and how to utilized educational
intervention to alleviate them.
The research article employs a systematic review prior
information from different databases regarding the usefulness of
educational interventions in the fight against the risk factors
which contribute severity of chronic heart disease.
The method utilized as collection of empirical data from
different databases with a view to analyze pertinent information
on the alleviation of CHD risk factors.

10. A systematic review is conducted on online databases such as
the English and Persian, aimed at establishing the relevance,
about the usefulness of educational interventions to risk factors
associated chronic heart disease.
It is found out that a significant number of the articles retrieved
from the online databases were relevant in the qualitative study
and provided useful information on the educational
interventions which can be used the long-term care of patients
living with chronic heart disease.
Nutrition and physical educational interventions
Cardiovascular risk factors.
In long term care patients diagnosed with chronic heart disease,
the nutrition and physical educational interventions are useful
tools for the healthcare practitioners in the fight against risk
factors such as hypertension and cigarette smoking, among
others, which can result into negative health outcomes.
Esmaeili, M., Cheraghi, M. A, & Salsali, M. (2016). Cardiac
patients’ perception of patient-centered care: a qualitative
study. Nursing in Critical Care, 21(2)e39,
doi:10.1111/nice.12148
The qualitative study such article is meant to highlight the
opinions of cardiac patients regarding patient-centered care,
especially in the longer term where important plans and
decision must be made between caregiver and the sick. This
article digs deeper into diverse scopes and characteristics of
patient-centered care, with more focus on the actions that
improve their physical and psychological well-being as they
continue to receive healthcare services. This implies that
quantitative study is based on the expectations and experiences
of patients ailing from cardiovascular diseases, which work
towards improving their overall wellness. This empowers the
cardiac patients to make important decisions regarding their
health since their satisfaction is guaranteed,
The authors utilized a descriptive design which was based on
cardiac patient’s survey, with the aim of establishing their
opinions regarding patient-centered care.

11. It involved a biographical approach where the researcher
interacted with the sampled population of cardiac patients, with
a view to get data from them regarding aspects of patient-
centered care, where customized interviews were conducted.
The population under study was cardiac patients who had been
admitted in a healthcare facility, ailing from cardiovascular
diseases.
In this qualitative study, the researcher concluded that patient-
centered care is crucial to the realization of improved health
outcomes among cardiac patients and more focus on their
choices and concerns in the healthcare environment.
Patient desires and anticipations towards the healthcare
practitioners.
Patient-centered care for cardiac patients.
The treatment of cardiac patients should involve patient-
centered care services which are vital in realization of their
satisfaction and improvement of their health outcome.
Jensen, V. Gucht, V., Exel H., & Maes, S. (2014). A self-
regulation lifestyle program for post-cardiac rehabilitation
patients have long-term effects on exercise adherence. Journal
of Behavioral Medicine, 37(2)., 308-321.
In this study researchers found it necessary to develop a brief
self-regulation lifestyle program for patients who had
undergone post cardiac rehabilitation. Their decision to develop
this program was informed by the fact that maintaining a
lifestyle change following cardiac rehabilitation is a daunting
task. Randomized controlled trials were conducted whereby 210
patients who undergone cardiac rehabilitation were randomized
and assigned to two different types of care. One group
comprising of 112 patients was assigned the lifestyle
maintenance program and 98 assigned to standard care. The
study found that lifestyle program had a significant impact on
exercise behavior. Moreover, self-reported cardiac hospital
admission rates among patients in the lifestyle dropped
significantly.
A quantitative study design was used in this study. The data

12. collection and analysis techniques are typical of quantitative
study design.
Randomized controlled trials were in this study. Patients who
had receives cardiac rehabilitation were randomized to two
groups, the first group was randomized to a lifestyle
maintenance group and the second one to standard care.
The setting of the study is not defined.
The study found that lifestyle program had a significant impact
on patient’s exercise behavior. There was a 12 percent decline
in cardiac hospital admission rate in this group.
Independent variable is exercise adherence.
The dependent variable is self-reported cardiac hospital
admission rates.
This study is of fundamental importance to nursing practice in
the sense that it provides a better understanding of the value of
lifestyle program post-cardiac rehabilitation patients.
Najafi, F., Nalini, M., & Nikbakht, M. R. (2014). Changes in
risk factors and exercise capacity after cardiac rehabilitation
and its effect on hospital readmission. Iranian Red Crescent
Medical Journal, 16(5), doi:10.5812/ircmj.4899
Even through there are positive reports regarding the outcome
of cardiac rehabilitation, the impact of this outcome vary from
one region to another. The difference un the outcome is largely
attributed to different rehabilitation program used. This study
focuses in investigating the impact of cardiac rehabilitation
program on cardiovascular risk factors. To achieve this goal,
researchers conducted a retrospective cohort study by analyzing
data gathered from Iman Ali Cardiac Rehabilitation Center, the
study analyzed a total 499 patients out of 504 who had
completed cardiac rehabilitation. The study revealed that a
comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation program was effective in
improving exercise activity and cardiovascular risk factor.
A retrospective cohort study was used in this study.
Patients who had taken part in the cardiac rehabilitation
program were included in this study. Specifically, this study
focused on patients who had completed the cardiac

13. rehabilitation program between 2001 and 2008. The cardiac
rehabilitation program was implemented as a course spanning
for two months. At the beginning every course, patients were
tested for lipids, smoking, depression, exercise capacity.
The study was conducted at the Iman Ali Cardiac Rehabilitation
Center in Kermanshah province. Participants of the study were
patients who were referred to the program between 2001 and
2008
The study revealed that CR project had an impressive impact in
lowering blood pressure. This study confirmed findings of
previous studies which CR is effective in lowering systolic and
diastolic pressure.
. The independent variable in this study was cardiovascular
disease.
There are several dependent variables that can be identified
from this study. Some of these variables include exercise
capacity, blood pressure and blood lipids
This study is important for healthcare providers because it gives
them a better understanding of how CR program can help
preventing cardiovascular risk factors.
Mahdavi Anari, L., Ghanbari-Firoozabadi, M., Ansari, Z.,
Emanmi., Vafaii Nasab, M., Nemaiande M., Neishaboury,M.,
(2015). Effect if Cardiac Rehabilitation Program on Heart Rate
Recovery in Coronary Heart Disease, The Journal of Tehran
University Heart Center, 10(4)
Prior studies have confirmed that autonomic system function
and metabolic syndrome have a significant impact on the
survival of patients. The primary objective of this study is to
explore the impact of a cardiac rehabilitation program on
patients diagnosed with cardiovascular disease. Participants
selected for this study were patients who were previously
diagnosed with coronary artery disease. The considered patients
who had been referred to Cardiovascular Rehabilitation Center
of Afshar Hospital. Participants attended three rehabilitation
sessions every week for 12 weeks. There was a significant
improvement in heart rate recovery among patients who

14. participated in this study. there was also a significant reduction
in patients' waist circumference
This is a quantitative grounded research.
A total of 108 patients who had complete the study criteria were
enrolled into the cardiac rehabilitation course. The biplane
Simpson method was used in measuring the left ventricular
ejection fraction in patients who had undergone transthoracic
echocardiography.
The Study was conducted in Cardiovascular Rehabilitation
Center od Afschar Hospital Iran
The study found that automatic system function improved after
36 of the rehabilitation program.
Duration of participation in exercise training is the independent
variable study.
The dependent variable in this study is autonomic system
balance. Patients autonomic system balance function in
patient’s coronary artery disease.
This study helps healthcare providers understand importance of
a cardiac rehabilitation program in improving autonomic system
function in patients with coronary artery diseases.
References
Brewer, L. C., Kaihoi, B., Zarling, K. K., Squires, R. W.,
Thomas, R. & Kopecky, S. (2015). The use of virtual world-

15. based cardiac rehabilitation to encourage healthy lifestyle
choices among cardiac patients: intervention development and
pilot study protocol. JMIR Research Protocols, 4(2), e39.
doi:10.2196/resprot.4285
Esmaeili, M., Cheraghi, M. A. & Salsali, M. (2016). Cardiac
patients' perception of patient-centered care: a qualitative study.
Nursing In Critical Care, 21(2), 97-104. doi:10.1111/nicc.12148
Janssen, V., Gucht, V., Exel, H., &Maes, S. (2014). A self-
regulation lifestyle program for post-cardiac rehabilitation
patients has long-term effects on exercise adherence. Journal of
Behavioral Medicine, 37(2), 308-321.
Kadda, O., Kotanidou, A., Stavridis, G., Nanas, S., &
Panagiotakos, D. B. (2015). Lifestyle interventions and one-
year prognosis of patients following open heart surgery: A
randomized clinical trial. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 24(11-
12), 1611-1621. doi: 10.1111/jocn.12762
King-Shier, K. M., Mather, C., & LeBlanc, P. (2013).
Understanding the influence of urban or rural living on cardiac
patients’ decisions about diet and physical activity: Descriptive
decision modeling. International Journal of Nursing Studies.
50(11), 1513-1523. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2013.03.003.
Mahdavi Anari, L., Ghanbari-Firoozabadi, M., Ansari, Z.,
Emami, M., Vafaii Nasab, M., Nemaiande, M., … Neishaboury,
M. (2015). Effect of Cardiac Rehabilitation Program on Heart
Rate Recovery in Coronary Heart Disease. The Journal of
Tehran University Heart Center, 10(4), 176–181.
Najafi, F., Nalini, M., &Nikbakht, M. R. (2014). Changes in
risk factors and exercise capacity after cardiac rehabilitation
and its effect on hospital readmission. Iranian Red Crescent
Medical Journal, 16(5), 1. doi:10.5812/ircmj.4899
Rahmati Najarkolaei, F., Ghaffarpasand, E., Gholami Fesharaki,
M. & Jonaidi Jafari, N. (2015). Nutrition and physical activity
educational intervention on CHD risk factors: a systematic
review study. Archives of Iranian Medicine, 18(1), 51-57.
doi:0151801/AIM.0012

16. White, S., Bissell, P., & Anderson, C. (2011). A qualitative
study of cardiac rehabilitation patients’ perspectives on making
dietary changes. Journal of Human Nutrition & Dietetics, 24(2),
122-127. doi:10.1111/j.1365-277X.2010.01136.x