digestion

1.  The liver is the largest gland structure in the
body. The size and weight is different among
mammals
 It is reddish-brown colored in healthy.
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LIVER (HEPAR)

2. The liver has a wide-range of function including ;
 Haemopoietic (blood forming) organ of the fetus and relativly larger in fetal period.
 PROTEIN SYNTHESIS
It synthesizes the plasma proteins for the body.
 STORAGE
It storages the glicogen from the glucose, trigliserides from the fatty acids small
amount of proteins and vitamins.
 DETOXIFICATION
It converts the end toxic products of protein break-down as uric acid and urea.
then helps to remove from the kidneys
 SECRETION OF BILE
It produces bile from the blood for emulsificatin of lipids. Coto
Functions of The Liver

3.  It locates in right hypochondriac region of the
abdominal cavity (epigastrium).
 It rests just behind the diaphragm, and rib cage
 It connects with the right kidney, the duodenum
and the stomach from right to left in caudally.
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Position of The Liver

4.  Facies diaphragmatica
Area nuda
 Facies visceralis
Porta hepatis
 Margo dorsalis
Sulcus venae cavae
 Margo ventralis
 Margo dexter
 Margo sinister
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Gross Anatomy of The Liver

5. Lobus hepatis sinister Lobus intermedius Lobus hepatis dexter
Lobus caudatus Lobus quadratus
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Lobes of the Liver

6.  Lobus ( hepatis ) dexter
 Lobus ( hepatis ) sinister
 Lobus caudatus
proc.papillaris (absent in sheep and goat)
proc.caudatus
 Lobus quadratus
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Lobes of the Liver in Ox

7.  Lobus hepatis sinister
Lobus hepatis sinister lateralis
Lobus hepatis sinister medialis
 Lobus hepatis dexter
 Lobus caudatus
Proc.caudatus
 Lobus quadratus
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Lobes of the Liver in Horse

8.  Lobus hepatis sinister
Lobus hepatis sinister lateralis
Lobus hepatis sinister medialis
 Lobus hepatis dexter
Lobus hepatis dexter lateralis
Lobus hepatis dexter medialis
 Lobus caudatus
Proc.caudatus
Proc.papillaris (absent in pig)
 Lobus quadratus
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Lobes of the Liver in Dog and Pig

9.  The liver is connected the neigbour structures by peritoneal extension;
 Lig.coronarium
 Lig.triangulare dextrum et sinistrum
 Lig.falciforme hepatis
 Lig.teres hepatis
 Lig.hepatogastricum
 Lig.hepatoduodenale
 Lig.hepatorenale
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Ligaments of the Liver

10.  A storage sac for the bile produced and secreted by
the liver.
 It is located on the visceral surface of the liver.
 Equines and rats has no galbladder.
 Ductus biliferi
 Ductus hepaticus dexter et sinister
 Ductus hepaticus communis
 Ductus cysticus
 Ductus choledochus
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The Gallbladder (Vesica Fella)

11.  Pancreas is a glandular organ for the digestive and
endocrine system.
 Insulin and glucagon are the hormones produced by
pancreas and circulate in the blood
 The digestive enzymes inside the pancreatic juice
empties to the duodenum via pancreatic ducts
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PANCREAS

12.  It is located on the dorsal side of the cranial
abdominal cavity. It has an extensive lobular
structure and fills the space between the liver,
the stomach and the duodenum.
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Position of the Pancreas

13.  Corpus pancreatis
Incisura pancreatis
A.mesenterica cranialis et v.portae
 Lobus pancreatis dexter
 Lobus pancreatis sinister
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Anatomy of the Pancreas

14.  Ductus pancreaticus (Human, eq, ca, fe, ov, cap); papilla duodeni major’a açılır. Equidae’de
kalın carnivora’da incedir.
 Ductus pancreaticus accessorius (Human, Eq, ca, bo, su); Papilla duodeni minor’a açılır.
Equidae’de ince, köpekte kalındır.
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Pancreatic Ducts