16. 1. Tape measure. It is
numbered back to back,
usually 60 inches long and
150 centimeters, with metal
tips. In the English system,
the unit of measurement is
by inch.
17. 2. Ruler. It's either
made of wood or
plastic and is 12
inches long. It is
used to draw
straight lines.
18. 3. Tailor's square. This tool is
also known as L-square. It is
used to draw perpendicular
lines and to break down
measurements.
19. 4. French curve. It
is used to shape
the depth of the
armholes and
neckline of the
pattern.
20. 5. Sewing gauge. It
is a ruler, usually 6
inches long. It is
used to mark hems
for alteration.
22. Marking tools are used to transfer
pattern markings to garment fabric
pieces and for making alterations on
fabrics or garments. The transferred
marks are guides for accurate
sewing.
23. 1. Tailor's chalk. It is
used to transfer marks
preferably on the
wrong side of the
fabric and is available
in different colors.
24. 2. Tracing wheel and tracing
paper- Tracing wheels are
commonly used for all types of
fabrics while the latter has a
smooth edge, best for delicate
fabrics.
25. Tracing paper is also called
dressmaker's carbon paper
that transfers the tracing
wheel's markings to the fabric.
38. 1. Needles. They come in
different sizes. A needle with
a higher number is finer, no.
12 is the finest. Sizes 8, 9, and
10 are the needles commonly
used in sewing.
39. 2. Pins. These are used to
hold pieces of garments
temporarily while sewing.
40. 3. Threads. They should match
the color of the cloth to be
sewed.
41. 4. Thimble. It is
used to protect the
middle finger when
you do the hand
sewing. It also used
to push the needle
while sewing.
42. 5. Needle threader. It
aids in threading the
needle and makes
the threading easier,
whether hand or
machine needles.
44. The sewing machine is an important
investment for sewing so select the best
brand with care. The sewing machine was
invented by Elias Howe, and since then,
there have been several types of sewing
machines either computerized or manually
or electrically operated.
45. Parts of the Lockstitch
Sewing Machine
There are two major parts
of the sewing machine.
46. Upper Part
1. Head- the complete sewing
machine without cabinet or stand
2. Arm-the curved part of the
head containing the mechanism
for operating the the needle
3. Bed - the flat portion of the
machine. Beneath is the feed dog
where it is mounted and where
the shuttle and lower thread are
placed.
47. Parts of the Sewing Machine Arm
1. Spool pin-holds the thread
2. Pressure bar lifter-lowers and
raises the presser foot
3. Thread take-up-releases the
thread
4. Tension regulator-regulates the
looseness and tightness of the
thread
5. Presser foot-holds the materials
in place while sewing
6. Needle bar-holds the needle
7. Bobbin-carries the lower thread
48. 8. Shuttle holds the bobbin
9. Balance wheel-starts the sewing
machine
10. Bobbin winder-controls the
bobbin while winding thread
11. Stitch regulator-controls the
length of stitches
12. Belt-connects wheel to the
balance wheel
13. Needle clamp-holds and tightens
the needle
14. Needle-slender tool attached in
the needle clamp used for sewing
49. Parts of the Sewing Machine
Under the Bed
1. Feed dog-moves the
fabric while sewing
2. Needle clamp screw -
holds the needle
3. Presser foot-holds the
fabric in place while sewing
4. Shuttle-holds the bobbin
case while sewing
50. 5. Slide plate or needle
plate-movable plate that
covers the shuttle
6. Throat plate-window of
the feed dog where the
bobbin thread comes out
7. Bobbin case-holds the
bobbin
51. Lower Part
1. Treadle-drives the band
wheel
2. Band wheel-drives the
balance wheel
3. Band wheel crank - turns the
band wheel
4. Pitman rod-connects the
treadle and the wheel crank
5. Belt the belt
6. Dress guard-protects the
dress
7. Legs-supports the stand
