Recently, new waveforms for the 5th generation cellular system have been studied in many ways. UFMC, FBMC (filter bank multi-carrier) and W-OFDM (window orthogonal frequency division multiplexing) waveforms are very strong candidates as a new waveform for 5G system. In this paper, we have evaluated the spectrum characteristic and BER performance of the waveforms under the effect of nonlinear HPA. Also, we like to show the comparison of the timefrequency resources of each system because it would be very important to estimate the spectral efficiency and communication throughput. As simulation results, it is confirmed that OOB power of each system increases, and OOB power increase of FBMC system is the biggest. Additionally, we have confirmed that performance of every system is degraded by strength of HPA nonlinearity, and every system needs the PAPR reduction method for the nonlinear
distortion compensation and power saving, even though it would be more complicated. Comparison table for the time-frequency resources requirement for the each modulation
systems is included.
Hybrid PAPR Reduction Scheme for Universal Filter Multi-Carrier Modulation in...CrimsonPublishersRDMS
Hybrid PAPR Reduction Scheme for Universal Filter Multi-Carrier Modulation in Next Generation Wireless Systems by Himanshu Monga* in Crimson Publishers: Peer Reviewed Material Science Journals
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
One of the main challenges faced by the developing (3GPP-LTE-Advanced) standard is providing high throughput at the cell edge.
One solution to improve coverage is the use of fixed relays.
Effect of Transmission Parameters on PAPR of Universal Filter Multicarrier Mo...CrimsonPublishersRDMS
Effect of Transmission Parameters on PAPR of Universal Filter Multicarrier Modulation Systems by Himanshu Monga* in Crimson Publishers: Peer Reviewed Material Science Journals
Hybrid PAPR Reduction Scheme for Universal Filter Multi-Carrier Modulation in...CrimsonPublishersRDMS
Hybrid PAPR Reduction Scheme for Universal Filter Multi-Carrier Modulation in Next Generation Wireless Systems by Himanshu Monga* in Crimson Publishers: Peer Reviewed Material Science Journals
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
One of the main challenges faced by the developing (3GPP-LTE-Advanced) standard is providing high throughput at the cell edge.
One solution to improve coverage is the use of fixed relays.
Effect of Transmission Parameters on PAPR of Universal Filter Multicarrier Mo...CrimsonPublishersRDMS
Effect of Transmission Parameters on PAPR of Universal Filter Multicarrier Modulation Systems by Himanshu Monga* in Crimson Publishers: Peer Reviewed Material Science Journals
UFMC system performance improvement using RS codes for 5G communication systemTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
Fifth generation (5G) mobile communication is expected to be deployed in several countries by 2020. Where, the data consumptions are expected to be increased to 30% thus, it cannot be supported by the present technologies 3G and 4G. In contrast, looking for new alternative modulation techniques of orthogonal frequency division modulation (OFDM) system which is suffering from high peak to average power ratio (PAPR) and out of band (OOB) side lobes are needed to use in 5G communication system. Hence, universal filtered multi-carrier (UFMC) is considered as alternative waveform to overcome of OFDM disadvantages. In communication systems, channel coding is considered vital part, where error correction codes (ECC) are used to detect and correct the errors which is occurring in channel noise. In this paper, RS codes are suggested with UFMC system to achieve the reliability of information transmission over noisy channels. The results showed that although, the values of PAPR levels for using RS codes in UFMC increased to 8.8653dB against 6.9735 dB for OFDM system. However, there are significant improvements in BER performance owing to use RS codes against uncoded-UFMC system. Furthermore, the values of OOB in UFMC system was lower than OFDM system.
Performance Analysis of MIMO-LTE for MQAM over Fading ChannelsIOSRJECE
LTE (Long Term Evolution) is a 3GPP (Third Generation Partnership Project) wireless standards which uses the standard OFDMA (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access) modulation, MU-MIMO (Multiuser Multiple Input Multiple Output) technology and different multipath fading models. LTE uses the spectrum more efficiently to deliver high speed data. This paper characterizes the downlink performance of LTE. The MIMO technology which provides high data rate applications to the users made a breakthrough in wireless communication and is defined in the LTE standard. The performance is characterized in terms of BER (Bit Error Rate). In this paper the LTE system is modelled and simulated using MATLAB and the BER for 2×2 and 4×4 MIMO-LTE using 16QAM and 64QAM modulation schemes for Rayleigh fading environment are obtained against different SNR values.
Some of the key driving forces behind the transition from the UMTS based cellular system to the Long Term Evolution Advanced (LTE-A) are to improve the mean and the cell-edge throughput, improve the user fairness, and improve the quality of service (QoS) satisfaction for all users. In the latter system, relays appear as one of the most prominent enabler for improving the cell-edge user experience while increasing the system’s fairness.
In this white paper, we present the basics of relay deployments in LTE-A networks. Moreover, we analyze resource allocation problem for Relay Nodes (RN) deployments and present some of the solutions for improvement in system resource usage and QoS satisfaction. Afterwards, we introduce the capabilities of NOMOR’s LTE-A system level simulator and evaluate the performance of LTE-A relay systems under the described solutions.
Performance Analsis of Clipping Technique for Papr Reduction of MB-OFDM UWB S...ijcisjournal
Multiband Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (MB-OFDM) is used as efficacious procedure for
ultra-wideband (UWB) wireless communication applications, which divides the spectrum into various subbands,
whose bandwidth is approximately 500MHz. Major arduousness in multiband-OFDM is ,it have
very large peak to average power ratio value which causes the signal to enter into dynamic region that
consequence in the loss of orthogonal properties and results in the interference of the carrier signals which
crops the amplifier saturation and finally limits the capacity of the system. Many PAPR amortize
algorithms have reported in the survey and pre-coding is PAPR reduction which is inserted after
modulation in the OFDM system. The Existing work presents the reduction of that value by different
clipping techniques namely Classical-Clipping (CC), Heavy side-Clipping (HC), Deep-Clipping (DC) and
Smooth-Clipping (SC) and their comparison analysis is done. Every clipping method is best at its own
level .The proficiency of these strategies are evaluated in locutions of average power disparity, complete
system decadence and PAPR reduction. Finally results show the MB OFDM yields better performance to
reduce PAPR in effective way.
Wireless communication system with frequency selective channel OFDM modulatio...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
This paper introduces the design and implementation of a wireless communication system with MATLAB based on orthognal frequency division multiplexing technique (OFDM). The constructed system is consisting of transmitter, fading channel and receiver. At the transmitter, the transmitted signal first modulated with PSK modulation, and then multiplexed with OFDM technique to achieve a higher bit rates transmission. The signal was then transmitted through a frequency selective channel with 6 taps. In the receiver parity. The received faded signal processed to be de-multiplexed and de-modulated. Then, a frequency domain equalizer was adopted to remove the fading noise and the inter-symbol interference from the received signal that introduced due to the fading channel. In order to inspect the performance of the frequency equilizer, bit error rate for the overall system was calculated at the receiving point and to recover the original information signal. The simulation results of the designed system as well as the frequency equilizer showed a robustness against the frequency selective faded channel effects. The maximum obtained bit error rate was around 10-5, which means that original signal was effectively recovered.
Outage performance of downlink NOMA-aided small cell network with wireless po...journalBEEI
This article considers the outage performance of the downlink transmission for a small cell network in a heterogeneous network. Due to mobility and distribution of users, it is necessary to study massive connections and high energy efficiency for such kind of systems. To be an enabler of energy harvesting, a power beacon is helpful to support the base station to send signals to distant users, and wireless power transfer (WPT) is exploited to guarantee the data packets transmission from the power beacon to the base station. To provide massive connections, we propose a novel non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) technique combined with WPT to enhance outage performance and latency reduction. Furthermore, we derive outage probability (OP) to characterize the system performance. Simulation results are verified to match well between theoretical and analytical methods, and main parameters are determined to understand how they affect the proposed scheme.
Performance Investigation of OFDM-FSO System under Diverse Weather Conditions...IJECEIAES
Free space optical (FSO) communication systems which are deployed for last mile access, being considered as a suitable alternative technology for optical fiber networks. It is one of the emerging technologies for broadband wireless connectivity which has also been receiving growing attention due to high data rate transmission capability with low installation cost and license free spectrum. However, the widespread use of FSO technology has been hampered by the randomly time varying characteristics of propagation path mainly due to atmospheric turbulence, sensitivity to diverse weather conditions and the nonlinear responsivity of laser diode. This paper presents the performance investigation of an OFDM-FSO system over atmospheric turbulence channels under diverse weather conditions of Bangladesh. The channel is modeled with gamma-gamma distribution using 16-QAM modulation format and 4×4 multiple transceiver FSO system. All possible challenges are imposed on the system performance such as atmospheric attenuation, turbulence, pointing error, geometric loss etc. The refractive index structure parameter and atmospheric attenuation coefficient for different weather conditions are calculated by using the data, collected from Bangladesh Meteorological Department. The acquired results can be fruitful for scheming, forecasting and assessing the OFDM-FSO system’s ability to transmit wireless services over turbulent FSO links under actual conditions of Bangladesh.
On the performance of non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) using FPGAIJECEIAES
In this paper, non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is designed and implemented for the fifth generation (5G) of multi-user wireless communication. Field-programmable gate array (FPGA) is considered for the implementation of this technique for two users. NOMA is applied in downlink phase of the base-station (BS) by applying power allocation mechanism for far and near users, in which one signal contains the superposition of two scaled signals depending on the distance of each user from the BS. We assume an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel for each user in the presence of the interference due to the non-orthogonality between the two users’ signals. Therefore, successive-interference cancellation (SIC) is exploited to remove the undesired signal of the other user. The outage probability and the biterror rate performance are presented over different signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR). Furthermore, Monte-Carlo simulations via Matlab are utilized to verify the results obtained by FPGA, which show exact-close match.
PERFORMANCE OF MIMO MC-CDMA SYSTEM WITH CHANNEL ESTIMATION AND MMSE EQUALIZATIONTamilarasan N
The quality of a wireless link can be described by three basic parameters, namely transmission rate, transmission range
and transmission reliability. With the advent of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) assisted Multicarrier code
division multiple access (MC-CDMA) systems, the above-mentioned three parameters may be simultaneously
improved. The MC-CDMA combined with the MIMO technique, has become a core technology for future mobile radio
communication system. However, possible potential gain in spectral efficiency is challenged by the receiver’s ability to
accurately detect the symbol due to inter symbol interference (ISI). Multipath propagation, mobility of transmitter,
receiver and local scattering cause the signal to be spread in frequency, different arrival time and angle, which results in
ISI in the received signal. This will affect overall system performance. The use of MC-CDMA mitigates the problem of
time dispersion. However, still it is necessary to remove the amplitude and phase shift caused by channel. To solve this
problem, a multiple antenna array can be used at the receiver, not only for spectral efficiency or gain enhancement, but
also for interference suppression. This can be done by the, efficient channel estimation with strong equalization. This
paper proposes MIMO MC-CDMA system, Minimum mean square error (MMSE) equalization with pilot based
channel estimation. The simulation result shows improved Bit error rate (BER) performance when the sub carrier (SC)
and antenna configuration were increased
Spectrum analysis of OFDM versus FBMC in 5G mobile communicationsTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
With the demand for mobile data traffic, multi-carrier transmission techniques are highly attractive for all-new wireless communication systems, which divides data into many components and sends each of these components via a different carrier signal. So far, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) and filter bank multi-carrier (FBMC) techniques are the dominant waveform contenders. A number of studies have been made and failed to give a complete comparison where they did not consider various conditions altogether. Therefore, this paper addresses a complete comparative analysis of OFDM and FBMC, performed based on spectral efficiency, modulation, demodulation, power spectral densities, and peak to average power ratio comparison, all simulated using Matlab and GNU’s not unix radio (GNU-radio) software.
Hardware Implementation of OFDM system to reduce PAPR using Selective Level M...IOSR Journals
Abstract : OFDM is a modulation as well as multiplexing technique which is widely used in various high speed mobile and wireless communication systems because of its capacity of ensuring high level robustness against interference. In this paper the design and implementation of OFDM system along with SLM implementation to reduce PAPR[6]is illustrated and a detailed simulation of the OFDM system with 16-QAM. OFDM transceiver is implemented using FPGA Spartan6 kit. The hardware results show a detailed study of RTL schematics and Test Bench. In this paper, the software simulation results show 2dB reduction in the peaks. Keywords - Field Programmable Gate Array, Matlab Simulink, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing , Peak-to-Average Power Ratio, Selective level Mapping and Xilinx
UFMC system performance improvement using RS codes for 5G communication systemTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
Fifth generation (5G) mobile communication is expected to be deployed in several countries by 2020. Where, the data consumptions are expected to be increased to 30% thus, it cannot be supported by the present technologies 3G and 4G. In contrast, looking for new alternative modulation techniques of orthogonal frequency division modulation (OFDM) system which is suffering from high peak to average power ratio (PAPR) and out of band (OOB) side lobes are needed to use in 5G communication system. Hence, universal filtered multi-carrier (UFMC) is considered as alternative waveform to overcome of OFDM disadvantages. In communication systems, channel coding is considered vital part, where error correction codes (ECC) are used to detect and correct the errors which is occurring in channel noise. In this paper, RS codes are suggested with UFMC system to achieve the reliability of information transmission over noisy channels. The results showed that although, the values of PAPR levels for using RS codes in UFMC increased to 8.8653dB against 6.9735 dB for OFDM system. However, there are significant improvements in BER performance owing to use RS codes against uncoded-UFMC system. Furthermore, the values of OOB in UFMC system was lower than OFDM system.
Performance Analysis of MIMO-LTE for MQAM over Fading ChannelsIOSRJECE
LTE (Long Term Evolution) is a 3GPP (Third Generation Partnership Project) wireless standards which uses the standard OFDMA (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access) modulation, MU-MIMO (Multiuser Multiple Input Multiple Output) technology and different multipath fading models. LTE uses the spectrum more efficiently to deliver high speed data. This paper characterizes the downlink performance of LTE. The MIMO technology which provides high data rate applications to the users made a breakthrough in wireless communication and is defined in the LTE standard. The performance is characterized in terms of BER (Bit Error Rate). In this paper the LTE system is modelled and simulated using MATLAB and the BER for 2×2 and 4×4 MIMO-LTE using 16QAM and 64QAM modulation schemes for Rayleigh fading environment are obtained against different SNR values.
Some of the key driving forces behind the transition from the UMTS based cellular system to the Long Term Evolution Advanced (LTE-A) are to improve the mean and the cell-edge throughput, improve the user fairness, and improve the quality of service (QoS) satisfaction for all users. In the latter system, relays appear as one of the most prominent enabler for improving the cell-edge user experience while increasing the system’s fairness.
In this white paper, we present the basics of relay deployments in LTE-A networks. Moreover, we analyze resource allocation problem for Relay Nodes (RN) deployments and present some of the solutions for improvement in system resource usage and QoS satisfaction. Afterwards, we introduce the capabilities of NOMOR’s LTE-A system level simulator and evaluate the performance of LTE-A relay systems under the described solutions.
Performance Analsis of Clipping Technique for Papr Reduction of MB-OFDM UWB S...ijcisjournal
Multiband Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (MB-OFDM) is used as efficacious procedure for
ultra-wideband (UWB) wireless communication applications, which divides the spectrum into various subbands,
whose bandwidth is approximately 500MHz. Major arduousness in multiband-OFDM is ,it have
very large peak to average power ratio value which causes the signal to enter into dynamic region that
consequence in the loss of orthogonal properties and results in the interference of the carrier signals which
crops the amplifier saturation and finally limits the capacity of the system. Many PAPR amortize
algorithms have reported in the survey and pre-coding is PAPR reduction which is inserted after
modulation in the OFDM system. The Existing work presents the reduction of that value by different
clipping techniques namely Classical-Clipping (CC), Heavy side-Clipping (HC), Deep-Clipping (DC) and
Smooth-Clipping (SC) and their comparison analysis is done. Every clipping method is best at its own
level .The proficiency of these strategies are evaluated in locutions of average power disparity, complete
system decadence and PAPR reduction. Finally results show the MB OFDM yields better performance to
reduce PAPR in effective way.
Wireless communication system with frequency selective channel OFDM modulatio...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
This paper introduces the design and implementation of a wireless communication system with MATLAB based on orthognal frequency division multiplexing technique (OFDM). The constructed system is consisting of transmitter, fading channel and receiver. At the transmitter, the transmitted signal first modulated with PSK modulation, and then multiplexed with OFDM technique to achieve a higher bit rates transmission. The signal was then transmitted through a frequency selective channel with 6 taps. In the receiver parity. The received faded signal processed to be de-multiplexed and de-modulated. Then, a frequency domain equalizer was adopted to remove the fading noise and the inter-symbol interference from the received signal that introduced due to the fading channel. In order to inspect the performance of the frequency equilizer, bit error rate for the overall system was calculated at the receiving point and to recover the original information signal. The simulation results of the designed system as well as the frequency equilizer showed a robustness against the frequency selective faded channel effects. The maximum obtained bit error rate was around 10-5, which means that original signal was effectively recovered.
Outage performance of downlink NOMA-aided small cell network with wireless po...journalBEEI
This article considers the outage performance of the downlink transmission for a small cell network in a heterogeneous network. Due to mobility and distribution of users, it is necessary to study massive connections and high energy efficiency for such kind of systems. To be an enabler of energy harvesting, a power beacon is helpful to support the base station to send signals to distant users, and wireless power transfer (WPT) is exploited to guarantee the data packets transmission from the power beacon to the base station. To provide massive connections, we propose a novel non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) technique combined with WPT to enhance outage performance and latency reduction. Furthermore, we derive outage probability (OP) to characterize the system performance. Simulation results are verified to match well between theoretical and analytical methods, and main parameters are determined to understand how they affect the proposed scheme.
Performance Investigation of OFDM-FSO System under Diverse Weather Conditions...IJECEIAES
Free space optical (FSO) communication systems which are deployed for last mile access, being considered as a suitable alternative technology for optical fiber networks. It is one of the emerging technologies for broadband wireless connectivity which has also been receiving growing attention due to high data rate transmission capability with low installation cost and license free spectrum. However, the widespread use of FSO technology has been hampered by the randomly time varying characteristics of propagation path mainly due to atmospheric turbulence, sensitivity to diverse weather conditions and the nonlinear responsivity of laser diode. This paper presents the performance investigation of an OFDM-FSO system over atmospheric turbulence channels under diverse weather conditions of Bangladesh. The channel is modeled with gamma-gamma distribution using 16-QAM modulation format and 4×4 multiple transceiver FSO system. All possible challenges are imposed on the system performance such as atmospheric attenuation, turbulence, pointing error, geometric loss etc. The refractive index structure parameter and atmospheric attenuation coefficient for different weather conditions are calculated by using the data, collected from Bangladesh Meteorological Department. The acquired results can be fruitful for scheming, forecasting and assessing the OFDM-FSO system’s ability to transmit wireless services over turbulent FSO links under actual conditions of Bangladesh.
On the performance of non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) using FPGAIJECEIAES
In this paper, non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is designed and implemented for the fifth generation (5G) of multi-user wireless communication. Field-programmable gate array (FPGA) is considered for the implementation of this technique for two users. NOMA is applied in downlink phase of the base-station (BS) by applying power allocation mechanism for far and near users, in which one signal contains the superposition of two scaled signals depending on the distance of each user from the BS. We assume an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel for each user in the presence of the interference due to the non-orthogonality between the two users’ signals. Therefore, successive-interference cancellation (SIC) is exploited to remove the undesired signal of the other user. The outage probability and the biterror rate performance are presented over different signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR). Furthermore, Monte-Carlo simulations via Matlab are utilized to verify the results obtained by FPGA, which show exact-close match.
PERFORMANCE OF MIMO MC-CDMA SYSTEM WITH CHANNEL ESTIMATION AND MMSE EQUALIZATIONTamilarasan N
The quality of a wireless link can be described by three basic parameters, namely transmission rate, transmission range
and transmission reliability. With the advent of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) assisted Multicarrier code
division multiple access (MC-CDMA) systems, the above-mentioned three parameters may be simultaneously
improved. The MC-CDMA combined with the MIMO technique, has become a core technology for future mobile radio
communication system. However, possible potential gain in spectral efficiency is challenged by the receiver’s ability to
accurately detect the symbol due to inter symbol interference (ISI). Multipath propagation, mobility of transmitter,
receiver and local scattering cause the signal to be spread in frequency, different arrival time and angle, which results in
ISI in the received signal. This will affect overall system performance. The use of MC-CDMA mitigates the problem of
time dispersion. However, still it is necessary to remove the amplitude and phase shift caused by channel. To solve this
problem, a multiple antenna array can be used at the receiver, not only for spectral efficiency or gain enhancement, but
also for interference suppression. This can be done by the, efficient channel estimation with strong equalization. This
paper proposes MIMO MC-CDMA system, Minimum mean square error (MMSE) equalization with pilot based
channel estimation. The simulation result shows improved Bit error rate (BER) performance when the sub carrier (SC)
and antenna configuration were increased
Spectrum analysis of OFDM versus FBMC in 5G mobile communicationsTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
With the demand for mobile data traffic, multi-carrier transmission techniques are highly attractive for all-new wireless communication systems, which divides data into many components and sends each of these components via a different carrier signal. So far, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) and filter bank multi-carrier (FBMC) techniques are the dominant waveform contenders. A number of studies have been made and failed to give a complete comparison where they did not consider various conditions altogether. Therefore, this paper addresses a complete comparative analysis of OFDM and FBMC, performed based on spectral efficiency, modulation, demodulation, power spectral densities, and peak to average power ratio comparison, all simulated using Matlab and GNU’s not unix radio (GNU-radio) software.
Hardware Implementation of OFDM system to reduce PAPR using Selective Level M...IOSR Journals
Abstract : OFDM is a modulation as well as multiplexing technique which is widely used in various high speed mobile and wireless communication systems because of its capacity of ensuring high level robustness against interference. In this paper the design and implementation of OFDM system along with SLM implementation to reduce PAPR[6]is illustrated and a detailed simulation of the OFDM system with 16-QAM. OFDM transceiver is implemented using FPGA Spartan6 kit. The hardware results show a detailed study of RTL schematics and Test Bench. In this paper, the software simulation results show 2dB reduction in the peaks. Keywords - Field Programmable Gate Array, Matlab Simulink, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing , Peak-to-Average Power Ratio, Selective level Mapping and Xilinx
ESTIMATION OF SYMBOL TIMING AND CARRIER FREQUENCY OFFSET USING SYNCHRONIZATI...Michael George
OFDM/OQAM is preferred as multicarrier system which operates over a multipath channel. By using the multipath channel the signal-to-noise ratio. In earlier, sub carriers are used to transmit the signals. Nowadays, FFT and DFT are used for transmitting the signals based upon the bit values. AWGN is a channel used to identify the noise produced at the output by adding the noise in the blind signal. By reducing subcarriers the noise and timing are reduced. FFT bit value was increased which provides better performance. In the multicarrier system, the error and noise was reduced by increasing the bit value.
Implementation and Study of Universal Filtered Multi Carrier under Carrier Fr...Editor IJAIEM
Sathiyapriya N.S
PG Student, Dept. of ECE, Periyar Maniammai University Thanjavur, Tamilnadu, India
ABSTRACT
OFDM is a matured technology and applied in various wireless standards. However they are not suitable for Uplink and this
technology is replaced by SC FDMA in 4G standards. Similarly Universal Filtered Multicarrier Communication (UFMC) is
another suitable technology for Multi user Uplink and for applications like cognitive radio. UFMC is a new, non-orthogonal,
waveform designed by Alcatel Lucent Labs which provide a much more efficient way of enabling networks to serve both
broadband users and very narrowband “short data” devices such as any embedded sensor or M2M module. In UFMC the
filtering of waveform is done on a group of subcarriers. In OFDM it is done on the whole subcarriers together. This reduces
the side lobe levels, inters carrier interference (ICI) and requires reduced filter length. Moreover Internet-of-Things where
Machine-Machine communication and applications where very tight response in time requirements are needed, OFDM
miserably fails. We examine impact of carrier frequency offset on the performance of the proposed scheme and compare the
results performance of cyclic prefix based orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(CP-OFDM) system.-
Key words: ICI,CFO,OFDM,UFMC
A review paper on the papr analysis of orthogonal frequency division multiple...ijmnct
OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) has been raised a new modulation technique. Due
to its advantages in multipath fading channel e.g. robust against ISI, ICI and some other advantages like
best QoS for multiple users, efficient usage of bandwidth it is suggested to be the modulation technique for
next generation 4G networks e.g. LTE. But along with all its advantages there are some disadvantages also
e.g. High PAPR (Peak to Average Power Ratio) at the transmitter end and BER (Bit Error Rate) at the
receiving end. Since OFDM is only used in the downlink of 4G networks. To reduce the problems of OFDM
some techniques e.g. SLM, PTS, Clipping, Coding, & Pre-coding etc are suggested but none of them is
reduce the PAPR and BER to an acceptable value. This Paper will discuss some techniques of PAPR &
BER reduction, and their advantages and disadvantages in detail.
A SEMI BLIND CHANNEL ESTIMATION METHOD BASED ON HYBRID NEURAL NETWORKS FOR UP...ijwmn
The paper describes how to improve channel estimation in Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple
Access (SC-FDMA) system, using a Hybrid Artificial Neural Networks (HANN). The 3rd Generation
Partnership Project (3GPP) standards for uplink Long Term Evolution Advanced (LTE-A) uses pilot based
channel estimation technique. This kind of channel estimation method suffers from a considerable loss
ofbitrate due to pilot insertion; all data frame sent contains reference signal. The HANN converts data
aided channel estimator to semi blind channel estimator. To increase convergence speed, HANN uses some
channel propagation Fuzzy Rules to initialize Neural Network parameters before learning instead of a
random initialization, so its learning phase ismore rapidly compared to classic ANN.HANN allows more
bandwidth efficient and less complexity. Simulation results show that HANN has better computational
efficiency than the Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE) estimator and has faster convergence than
classic Neural Networks estimators.
One of vital parts of the mobile wireless channel is channel estimation significantly
improve the performance of the system, especially for 4G LTE and 5G systems. The
main goal of this project is to test the time-variant channel estimation using F-OFDM
model. It investigates the Mean Square Error (MSE), the Least Squares (LS) method
and compares performance of OFDM and F-OFDM using BER vs SNR.
Designing and Performance Evaluation of 64 QAM OFDM SystemIOSR Journals
Abstract (11Bold) : — In this report, the performance analysis of 64 QAM-OFDM wireless communication
systems affected by AWGN in terms of Symbol Error Rate and Throughput is addressed. 64 QAM (64 ary
Quadrature Amplitude Modulation) is the one of the effective digital modulation technique as it is more power
efficient for larger values of M(64). The MATLAB script based model of the 64 QAM-OFDM system with
normal AWGN channel and Rayleigh fading channel has been made for study error performance and
throughput under different channel conditions. This simulated model maximizes the system throughput in the
presence of narrowband interference, while guaranteeing a SER below a predefined threshold. The SER
calculation is accomplished by means of modelling the decision variable at the receiver as a particular case of
quadratic form D in complex Gaussian random variables. Lastly comparative study of SER performance of 64
QAM-OFDM simulated & 64 QAM-OFDM theoretical under AWGN channel has been given. Also
performance of the system is given in terms of throughput (received bits/ofm symbol) is given in a plot for
different SNR. Keywords (11Bold) –64 QAM, BPSK, OFDM, PDF, SNR.
Designing and Performance Evaluation of 64 QAM OFDM SystemIOSR Journals
In this report, the performance analysis of 64 QAM-OFDM wireless communication
systems affected by AWGN in terms of Symbol Error Rate and Throughput is addressed. 64 QAM (64 ary
Quadrature Amplitude Modulation) is the one of the effective digital modulation technique as it is more power
efficient for larger values of M(64). The MATLAB script based model of the 64 QAM-OFDM system with
normal AWGN channel and Rayleigh fading channel has been made for study error performance and
throughput under different channel conditions. This simulated model maximizes the system throughput in the
presence of narrowband interference, while guaranteeing a SER below a predefined threshold. The SER
calculation is accomplished by means of modelling the decision variable at the receiver as a particular case of
quadratic form D in complex Gaussian random variables. Lastly comparative study of SER performance of 64
QAM-OFDM simulated & 64 QAM-OFDM theoretical under AWGN channel has been given. Also
performance of the system is given in terms of throughput (received bits/ofm symbol) is given in a plot for
different SNR
A Review: Significant Research on Time And Frequency Synchronization In MIMO ...IJERA Editor
This paper proposes a fast and dependable procedure for timing and frequency synchronization of multiple-input
multiple- output (MIMO) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems. Orthogonal frequency
division multiplexing (OFDM) could be a outstanding technique for high info rate remote transmission. The
execution of OFDM framework is exceptionally touchy to transporter repeat Offset (CFO) that presents between
bearer electric resistances (ICI). Multi data multi yield frame work used for increasing various qualities increase
and limit of the framework. During this space repeat synchronization in associate OFDM framework is
contemplated and gave past work OFDM framework.
Enhancing PAPR reduction for FBMC-OQAM systems by joint both tone reservation...nooriasukmaningtyas
As all multi-carrier designs FBMC-OQAM signal suffers from large peak-toaverage power ratio (PAPR). There are divers PAPR reduction methods to
solve this problem. Tone reservation (TR) scheme is one of the most famous
PAPR reduction techniques in which a peak cancelling signal is added to the
original one in such a way that PAPR will reduce. Companding is another
easy PAPR reduction technique in which compression of large amplitude
samples and expansion of low one. In this paper, we suggest a new PAPR
reduction scheme called TR&Compd, based on combining tone reservation
and Mu-law companding techniques for FBMC-OQAM systems. The
simulation results show that the new proposed scheme (TR&Compd)
presents better results in term of PAPR reduction compared to TR and Mulaw companding methods taken separately.
Impact of carrier frequency offset and in-phase and quadrature imbalance on t...IJECEIAES
Precoding in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system proved to reduce the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR), so that it improves BER. However, from the existing literature, the effect of carrier frequency offset (CFO), in-phase and quadrature (IQ) imbalance on precoded wireless OFDM systems has not been carried out. Therefore, this study evaluated the precoded OFDM (P-OFDM) system performance by considering the impact of CFO and IQ imbalance. P-OFDM performance evaluation is expressed in signal-to-interference noise ratio (SINR) and bit error rates (BER). The communication channels used are the additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel and the frequency-selective Rayleigh fading (FSRF) channel, while the channel equalization process is considered perfect. The results of the analysis and simulation show that P-OFDM is greater affected by the presence of CFO and IQ imbalance than conventional OFDM system. In AWGN channel, P-OFDM experiences different SINR for each subcarrier. This is different from conventional OFDM system, where all SINRs are the same for all subcarriers. In the FSRF channel, both the POFDM system and the OFDM system experience different SINR for each subcarrier, where the SINRs fluctuation in the P-OFDM system is much larger than in the OFDM system.
FRAMEWORK, IMPLEMENTATION AND ALGORITHM FOR ASYNCHRONOUS POWER SAVING OF UWBM...pijans
Asynchronous Power Saving (APS) technique is one of the unique standard used in Mobile Ad hoc
Networks to conserve more energy in the system. This technique when combined with other power saving
systems like Ultra WideBand System and the use of Directional antenna in MANETs provides astonishing
result. In designing Medium Access Control (MAC), developing a framework and giving a detailed
implementation procedure are among the factors that hinder the process; specifically in MANETs not to
mention the Algorithm. This paper aimed at exploring a standard framework, implementation procedure
and Algorithm for designing an Asynchronous Power Saving Ultra WideBandMeduim Access Control
(UWB-MAC) in MANETs using directional antenna. An implementation procedure that comprises of
transmission, channelization, and receiver pattern of the Physical layer is specified in this research work.
The paper concludes with an algorithm for an Asynchronous Power Saving UWB-MAC using a Steerable
Directional antenna in MANETs.
FRAMEWORK, IMPLEMENTATION AND ALGORITHM FOR ASYNCHRONOUS POWER SAVING OF UWB-...pijans
Asynchronous Power Saving (APS) technique is one of the unique standard used in Mobile Ad hoc
Networks to conserve more energy in the system. This technique when combined with other power saving
systems like Ultra WideBand System and the use of Directional antenna in MANETs provides astonishing
result. In designing Medium Access Control (MAC), developing a framework and giving a detailed
implementation procedure are among the factors that hinder the process; specifically in MANETs not to
mention the Algorithm. This paper aimed at exploring a standard framework, implementation procedure
and Algorithm for designing an Asynchronous Power Saving Ultra WideBandMeduim Access Control
(UWB-MAC) in MANETs using directional antenna. An implementation procedure that comprises of
transmission, channelization, and receiver pattern of the Physical layer is specified in this research work.
The paper concludes with an algorithm for an Asynchronous Power Saving UWB-MAC using a Steerable
Directional antenna in MANETs.
Framework, Implementation and Algorithm for Asynchronous Power Saving of UWBM...pijans
Asynchronous Power Saving (APS) technique is one of the unique standard used in Mobile Ad hoc Networks to conserve more energy in the system. This technique when combined with other power saving systems like Ultra WideBand System and the use of Directional antenna in MANETs provides astonishing result. In designing Medium Access Control (MAC), developing a framework and giving a detailed implementation procedure are among the factors that hinder the process; specifically in MANETs not to mention the Algorithm. This paper aimed at exploring a standard framework, implementation procedure and Algorithm for designing an Asynchronous Power Saving Ultra WideBandMeduim Access Control (UWB-MAC) in MANETs using directional antenna. An implementation procedure that comprises of transmission, channelization, and receiver pattern of the Physical layer is specified in this research work. The paper concludes with an algorithm for an Asynchronous Power Saving UWB-MAC using a Steerable
Directional antenna in MANETs
Wavelet Packet based Multicarrier Modulation for Cognitive UWB SystemsCSCJournals
Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is a multi-carrier modulation (MCM) scheme where the sub carriers are orthogonal waves. The main advantages of OFDM are robustness against multi-path fading, frequency selective fading, narrowband interference, and efficient use of spectrum. Recently it is proved that MCM system optimization can be achieved by applying wavelet bases instead of conventional fourier bases. Wavelet packet based MCM (WPMCM) systems have overall the same capabilities as OFDM systems with some improved features. In this research the literature and analytic schemes of WPMCM system is addressed, a wavelet packet based cognitive ultra wideband (UWB) transceiver is proposed, and performance analysis of WPMCM in different wireless multipath channels is investigated. Simulation results show a significant enhancement in terms of BER, spectral efficiency and side-lobes suppression comparing to conventional OFDM.
An adaptive channel estimation scheme based on redundancy minimization for fi...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
Filtered orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (F-OFDM), a technology which is being considered as a promising platform for beyond 4G era is expected to help deliver the new features at millimeter wave in the new 5th generation of cellular communication. Some of its key features notably better spectral utilization, enhanced throughput and immunity to interference can be enabling for the new cellular standards. These features of filtered OFDM comes with strict requirements of filter design, guard tone managements, and efficient channel state information harness. This paper is intended to propose an intuitive channel estimation scheme which will allow efficient acquisition of channel state information (CSI) through exploiting the redundant steps of the conventional pilot training-based algorithms and by also using an adaptive weight to expedite the minimization of the error between the estimated values and the actual values. Various simulations will follow to demonstrate the superiority of the scheme over traditional pilot-based algorithms and thus prove its utility in the current 5G cellular era.
A BER Performance Analysis of Shift Keying Technique with MMSE/MLSE estimatio...AM Publications
In this paper Bit Error Rate performance of OFDM - BPSK, QPSK, 4-QAM, 16-QAM System over Rayleigh fading
channel is analyzed. OFDM is a orthogonal frequency division multiplexing to reduce inter-symbol interference problem. Two
of the most equalization algorithms are minimum mean square error (MMSE) equalizer and maximum likelihood sequence
estimation (MLSE) equalizer. Finally simulations of OFDM signals are carried with Rayleigh faded signals to understand the effect of channel fading and to obtain optimum value of Bit Error Rate (BER) and Signal to noise ratio (SNR).
Similar to WAVEFORM COMPARISON AND NONLINEARITY SENSITIVITIES OF FBMC, UFMC AND W-OFDM SYSTEMS (20)
Democratizing Fuzzing at Scale by Abhishek Aryaabh.arya
Presented at NUS: Fuzzing and Software Security Summer School 2024
This keynote talks about the democratization of fuzzing at scale, highlighting the collaboration between open source communities, academia, and industry to advance the field of fuzzing. It delves into the history of fuzzing, the development of scalable fuzzing platforms, and the empowerment of community-driven research. The talk will further discuss recent advancements leveraging AI/ML and offer insights into the future evolution of the fuzzing landscape.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
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In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
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It is now-a-days very important for the people to send or receive articles like imported furniture, electronic items, gifts, business goods and the like. People depend vastly on different transport systems which mostly use the manual way of receiving and delivering the articles. There is no way to track the articles till they are received and there is no way to let the customer know what happened in transit, once he booked some articles. In such a situation, we need a system which completely computerizes the cargo activities including time to time tracking of the articles sent. This need is fulfilled by Courier Management System software which is online software for the cargo management people that enables them to receive the goods from a source and send them to a required destination and track their status from time to time.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
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Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
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TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL GENERAL FAMILIARIZATION COURSEDuvanRamosGarzon1
AIRCRAFT GENERAL
The Single Aisle is the most advanced family aircraft in service today, with fly-by-wire flight controls.
The A318, A319, A320 and A321 are twin-engine subsonic medium range aircraft.
The family offers a choice of engines
2. 84 Computer Science & Information Technology (CS & IT)
f-OFDM suggested by Huawei appeared in the first place, the filtered-OFDM system adopted
one-filter system for the sharper OOB (out-of-band) spectrum characteristics, but they changed
into the multiple filter system, which became very similar to the UFMC(universal filtered multi-
carrier) system. These systems use filtering technique based on multi-carrier. These techniques
have characteristic of low OOB power in comparison with conventional OFDM. Therefore, these
systems have high spectrum efficiency. FBMC uses a filtering technique in each sub-carrier.
UFMC uses a filtering technique in each sub-band [8-9].
However, these systems based on OFDM are vulnerable to non-linearity of high-power amplifier
(HPA), like OFDM. OFDM has high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) because multi-carrier
signals are overlapped. High PAPR causes nonlinear distortion in HPA because it saturates HPA.
Similarly, UFMC and FBMC have high PAPR because these systems are based on multi-carrier
[10-11]. In UFMC and FBMC system, if nonlinear distortion is caused by high PAPR, OOB
power of these systems is increased. That is, advantage of these systems vanishes. Therefore, this
drawback should be overcome in the candidate techniques for 5G mobile communication.
In this paper, in order to overcome the drawback, we focus on spectrum characteristic analysis
and performance evaluation of FBMC and UFMC system under the effect of nonlinear HPA.
Firstly, we describe and explain OFDM, UFMC, FBMC system. And then, we design the
systems. Next, under linear environment, we analyse the spectrum characteristic of each system
and evaluate bit error rate (BER) performance of each system. And then, under the effect of
nonlinear HPA, we analyse spectrum characteristic of each system and evaluate bit error rate
(BER) performance of each system.
Also, we like to show the comparison of the time-frequency resources of each system because it
would be very important to estimate the spectral efficiency and communication throughput.
2. SYSTEM MODEL
2.1. OFDM
In OFDM system, firstly, in transmitter of OFDM system, the data symbols are transformed into
parallel stream from series stream by S/P block. The changed symbols are mapped onto each
subcarrier by inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) operation. After IFFT operation, the time-
domain signals are transformed into series stream from parallel stream by P/S block. And then,
cyclic prefix (CP) is added in order to reduce the effect of inter-symbol interference (ISI). Finally,
the RF signals are amplified by high-power amplifier (HPA). Receiver of OFDM system consists
of reversed structure in comparison with OFDM transmitter. Additionally, in OFDM receiver, an
equalizer is used in order to restore desired signal. The equalizer is very simple because of CP.
OFDM receiver uses one-tap equalizer. OFDM system requires simple equalizer with one tap
[12]. However, each subcarrier of OFDM system has high side-lobe power. As a result, channel
capacity is decreased in OFDM system [12].
2.2. UFMC
UFMC filters each sub-band that consists of orthogonal multi-carrier in order to reduce OOB
power [6]. In the UFMC system, each sub-band signal is transformed into series stream by P/S.
Secondly, in UFMC receiver, the received signal is applied to RF chain. The received signal is
transformed into baseband signal by RF chain. Baseband signal is converted into digital signal by
ADC. And then, time-domain pre-processing is processed. After the process, the series data
stream is transformed into a parallel data stream by S/P. The time-domain parallel data stream is
converted to frequency-domain stream by 2N-FFT operation [6]. After 2N-FFT operation, odd-
3. Computer Science & Information Technology (CS & IT) 85
numbered data symbols are selected and equalized. Spectrum of UFMC system has lower OOB
power in comparison with spectrum of OFDM system. This is good advantage. However, because
UFMC system uses multi-carriers and multi-carriers are overlapped, UFMC system has high
PAPR. High PAPR characteristic can distort signal of UFMC system [6].
2.3. FBMC
FBMC system filters each sub-carrier in order to reduce OOB power of spectrum [7]. In FBMC
system, firstly, in transmitter of FBMC system, data symbols are transformed into parallel stream
from series stream by S/P. The parallel symbols are modulated to offset quadrature amplitude
modulation (OQAM) signal [7]. The modulated OQAM signal is transformed into a signal
filtered by each sub-carrier by using the synthesis filter bank that consists of IFFT and poly phase
network (PPN) [7]. Finally, the amplified FBMC signal is transmitted by antenna. Receiver of
FBMC system consists of reversed structure in comparison with FBMC transmitter. FBMC
system has lower OOB power in comparison with UFMC system and OFDM system. This is a
good advantage. However, FBMC system has high system complexity. Additionally, because
FBMC system uses multi-carrier, it has high PAPR.
2.4. W-OFDM
W-OFDM is a improved version of OFDM system. In the W-OFDM system, it does not use the
filter but it uses the extension and windowing method on each OFDM symbol in order to reduce
OOB power of spectrum.
2.5. HPA nonlinearity
In this paper, purposes are spectrum characteristic analysis and performance evaluation of
OFDM, UFMC, FBMC and W-OFDM system under the effect of nonlinear HPA. Therefore, we
have designed each system. In Saleh model, characteristics of AM-AM and AM-PM are as
follows [13].
Equation (1) shows AM-AM characteristic of Saleh model, nonlinear HPA model. A is amplitude
of input signal. are coefficients for adjusting amplitude of output signal. Equation (2)
shows AM-PM characteristic of Saleh model. are coefficients for adjusting phase of
output signal.
The following formatting rules must be followed strictly. This (.doc) document may be used as a
template for papers prepared using Microsoft Word. Papers not conforming to these requirements
may not be published in the conference proceedings.
3. SIMULATION RESULTS
Table 1 shows simulation parameters.
4. 86 Computer Science & Information Technology (CS & IT)
Table 1. Simulation parameters.
Parameter Value
Modulation QPSK
# of total subcarrier 64
# of used subcarrier 32
# of null subcarrier 32
Filter for FBMC
Phydyas prototype
H0 = 1
H1 = 0.97196
H2 = 0.7071
H3 = 0.235147
Filter for UFMC
Chebyshev
Attenuation = 60dB,Length = 10
# of sub-band in UFMC 64/8
# of used sub-band in UFMC 4
Table 2 shows the considered HPA nonlinear conditions. Condition 0 is linear. Conditions 1 to 5
are nonlinear condition. Condition 1 is weak nonlinear condition. Condition 5 is strong nonlinear
condition.
Table 2. Condition of HPA nonlinearity.
Table 3. Comparison of OOB power characteristic.
Condition OFDM UFMC FBMC W-OFDM
Linear -26 dB -83 dB -120 dB -90 dB
condition 1 -26 dB -82 dB -85 dB -85 dB
condition 2 -26 dB -74 dB -75 dB -75 dB
condition 3 -26 dB -66 dB -67 dB -69 dB
condition 4 -26 dB -61 dB -62 dB -63 dB
Table 3 shows OOB power comparison about each system. In this table, we have confirmed as
follows. Under the HPA nonlinearity environment FBMC system shows the biggest change of
OOB power, and OFDM system shows the smallest change of OOB power.
5. Computer Science & Information Technology (CS & IT) 87
Figs. 1 to 4 show BER performances of each system. Each system has ideal performance under
the linear condition or nonlinear condition. Under the nonlinear HPA environment, BER
performance of every system is degraded. Additionally, FBMC system shows the smallest
degradation of BER performance. However, even though FBMC system is the strongest against
HPA nonlinearity, every system needs the PAPR reduction method for the nonlinear distortion
compensation and power saving.
Figure 1. BER of OFDM system according in HPA conditions.
Figure 2. BER of UFMC system according in HPA conditions.
Figure 3. BER of FBMC system according in HPA conditions.
6. 88 Computer Science & Information Technology (CS & IT)
Figure 4. BER of W-OFDM system in HPA conditions.
Next, in order to compare the time-frequency resources of each candidates system, we have set
some necessary conditions as in the below. Also, in the Table 4, we provide the comparison for
the time-frequency resources requirement for the each modulation systems.
Allocated bandwidth = 20MHz
# of used sub-carriers = 16
# of transmission bits = 128
4QAM modulation(2bit) * 16 sub-carrier * 4 synthesis symbols = 128 bits
iFFT size = 64, CP length = 9
FBMC, Overlapping Factor (K) = 4
W-OFDM, Extension length = 6
OOB emission suppression (Frequency, 7.5Mhz Offset) / TTI length (Time)
Table 4. Comparison of the time-frequency resources.
OFDM UFMC FBMC W-OFDM
Linear -26 dBc/ 292 -83 dBc / 292 -130 dBc / 480 -66 dBc/ 304
HPA condition 1 -26 dBc / 292 -82 dBc / 292 -85 dBc / 480 -66dBc/ 304
HPA condition 2 -26 dBc / 292 -74 dBc / 292 -75 dBc / 480 -66dBc/ 304
HPA condition 3 -26 dBc / 292 -66 dBc / 292 -67 dBc / 480 -65dBc/ 304
HPA condition 4 -26 dBc / 292 -63 dBc / 292 -65 dBc / 480 -63dBc/ 304
4. CONCLUSIONS
FBMC and UFMC systems are the strong modulation candidate for 5G mobile communication
system. Since these systems are basically multicarrier system, it is important to study the
nonlinearity sensitivity. In this paper, we have focused on spectrum characteristic analysis and
BER performance evaluation of OFDM, FBMC, and UFMC system under the effect of nonlinear
HPA. As simulation results, we have confirmed that if HPA nonlinearity rises in each system,
OOB power of each system increases. The OOB power increase of FBMC system is the biggest.
Additionally, we have confirmed that performance of every system is degraded by strength of
HPA nonlinearity, and every system needs the PAPR reduction method for the nonlinear
distortion compensation and power saving, even though it would be more complicated. Also, we
like to show the comparison of the time-frequency resources of each system because it would be
7. Computer Science & Information Technology (CS & IT) 89
very important to estimate the spectral efficiency and communication throughput. We provide the
comparison table for the time-frequency resources requirement for the each modulation systems.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
“This research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research
Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and
Technology(No.2013R1A2A2A01005849) and This work was supported by Institute for
Information & communications Technology Promotion (IITP) grant funded by the Korea
government(MSIP) (No. R0101-16-244, Development of 5G Mobile Communication
Technologies for Hyper-connected Smart Services)”
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AUTHORS
Changyoung An was born in Chungbuk, Republic of Korea in 1989. He received the
B.S. degree and M.S. degree in the department of electronic engineering from Chungbuk
National University in February 2013 and February 2013, respectively. He is currently
working toward the Ph.D degree at the department of Electronic Engineering, Chungbuk
National University, Republic of Korea. His research interests include wireless
communication system, signal processing, antenna technology and 5G mobile
communication.
Byeongjae Kim was born in Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea in 1992. He received the
B.S. degree in the department of electronic engineering from Chungbuk National
University in 2016. Now he is currently working toward the master’s degree at the
department of Electronic Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Republic of
Korea. His research interests include wireless communication system, signal processing.
Heung-Gyoon Ryu (M’88) was born in Seoul, Republic of Korea in 1959. He received
the B.S. and M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in electronic engineering from Seoul National
University in 1982, 1984 and 1989. Since 1988, he has been with Chungbuk National
University, Korea, where he is currently Professor of Department of Electrical,
Electronic and Computer Engineering in Chungbuk National University. And he worked
as chief director of RICIC (research institute of computer, information communication
center) in Chungbuk National University from March 2002 to Feb 2004. His main
research interests are digital communication systems, communication circuit design,
spread spectrum system and communication signal processing. Since 1999, he has worked as reviewer of
the IEEE transaction paper. He received the ‘2002 ACADEMY AWARD’ from the Korea Electromagnetic
Engineering Society, Korea. He received the “BEST PAPER AWARD” at the 4th International Conference
on Wireless Mobile Communications (ICWMC 2008) Athens, Greece, July 27-Aug.1, 2008. Also, He
received the “BEST PAPER AWARD” at the International Conference on Advances in Satellite and Space
Communications (SPACOMM 2009), Colmar France, July 20-25, 2009.