The document discusses various processes for reusing water from scouring and bleaching processes in industries. It outlines parameters for effluent water quality including pH, turbidity, chemicals, total suspended solids, smell, temperature, BOD and COD. Byproducts from scouring like oils, fats, and waxes can be converted to soap through saponification. Methods to remove soap include decantation, centrifugation, membrane filtration, dialysis and evaporation. Biological treatment with activated sludge can reduce BOD and COD levels. Carbon sorption using activated carbon can also be used due its large surface area and attractive forces that absorb organic compounds. Reverse osmosis and chemical coagulation are additional

1. REUSE OF WATER FROM
SCOURING AND BLEACHING PROCESSES
28/04/2016 BY SARMAD KHAN 1

2. 28/04/2016 2
 Why…?
i. EPA (Envoirmental Protection Agency)
ii. Marine life
iii. Rises in fuel cost for industries
 Parameters Of Effluent
i. PH
ii. Sunlight Penetration in Water (Turbidity)
iii. Chemicals which don’t effect fish but becomes part of it and can effect human health (TDS e.g. As and Hg)
iv. Total Suspended Solid TSS
v. Smell
vi. Temperature
vii. BOD
viii. COD

3. 28/04/2016 3
BY PRODUCT IN SCOURING
 OIL , FATS & WAXES are converted into SOAP by SAPONIFICATION.
 EMULSIFIER solubilize the insoluble particles in water.
 FOR REMOVING SOAP
Decantation is a process for the separation of mixtures, by removing a layer of liquid, generally one from which a
precipitate has settled. The purpose may be either to produce a clean decant, or to remove undesired liquid from
the precipitate (or other layers).
 FOR REMOVING OTHER BY PRODUCTS
1. Centrifugation
2. Membrane filtration
3. Dialysis (ULTRA FILTERATION)
4. Evaporation

4. 28/04/2016 4
BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF WASTE WATER
1. Activated Slugged is use which converts organic compound to Carbon di-oxide , water and other inorganic
compound
2. Decrease in BOD & COD

5. 28/04/2016 5
CARBON SORPTION
 Activated Carbon, charcoal or coal is used .
 They have low volume pores that increased surface area for chemical reaction.
 Just 1gm of activated carbon contain surface area of 5,400sq.ft.
WORKING PRINCIPLE….?
1. The pores has several attractive forces which works a the gravitational force.
2. Organic , high molecular weight , polar and non polar in nature absorb in activated carbon.

6. 28/04/2016 6
Reverse osmosis
Reverse Osmosis, commonly referred to as RO, is a process where you demineralize or deionize water by pushing it
under pressure through a semi-permeable Reverse Osmosis Membrane.

7. 28/04/2016 7
Chemical Coagulation (water treatment)
In a colloidal suspension, particles will settle very slowly or not at all because the colloidal particles carry surface
electrical charges that mutually repel each other. A coagulant (typically a metallic salt) with the opposite charge is
added to the water to overcome the repulsive charge and "destabilize" the suspension.

8. 28/04/2016 8