Water quality is a growing issue in the United States, particularly in underserved communities like Flint, Michigan. The document outlines challenges with water access and quality globally and in the US, where millions rely on unsafe water. A case study focuses on Flint, where contaminated water from the Flint River caused health issues in local residents. The proposed research aims to identify rates of water-borne illness in Flint and examine whether lack of water infrastructure investment relates to the community being predominantly minority. The study will survey Flint residents and test water samples to assess ongoing health and quality issues.

1. Water Quality in USA
Yalda Battori

2. Objectives & Originality
• Mapping the health
challenges
• Identifying rights of
water
• Estimate future
water demands
• Finding the gaps
• Clarifying water born
health hazards
• Comparison of
regulation among US
people

3. Background
• Earths has 1374 million km3
• 97.4% in oceans ( 1340.74 km3)
• 2.6% fresh water (36.26 km3)
• Water pollutions 100’s millions of people rely on
unsafe water
• 2.8 billion people(40% world) , shortage
• 1.6 billion live in economic water shortage

4. Cont…
• 2.4 billion , lack of
access
• 4 million die annually &
30% of diseases
• 16% poor % 79 % rich
countries access
• 4 billions causes, 1.5m
cases caused by poor
water quality
• USA rich country (5.6% )
worlds fresh water
• 355 billion gallons/day
• 59% households
• 185$/ year extra
charging by
Government(11.9%
crisis)

5. Cont..
• 63 cases
• 39 hospitalizations
• White House, other
150 institutions
( 5$ billion) to
improve water
accessibility
• Still, flint, Michigan
https://www.youtube.
com/watch?v=7w9aSB
HVBL8

6. Welcome to Michigan
• Michigan, United
States. Located
along the Flint River,
66 miles northwest
of Detroit
• 97,386 p (2016)
• Highly exposed &
contaminated water
• sources of anxiety

7. Health Hazards
• Bathrooms &
laundry rooms lack
filtered water
• Bathing, daily uses
water
• Regular reports ( skin
rashes, welts &
thinning hair among
local people)

8. Research Question
• Why does the water crisis exist in United State
though it is an improved country?
• Do flint , Michigan people think that water
policy is not following in their community
because they are the minorities in United
State?

9. Methodology
• Study design: Cross sectional study
• Study site : Michigan, Flint residents - United
States
• Sample Size: 305 families
• Sampling Method: Random sampling
• Data analysis: SPSS & STATA, Chi-squired test ,
regression test

10. Outcomes
• Identifying the rate of infected people by
water born bacteria and disease
• Identifying the level unsafe water & lack of
facilities in flint, Michigan
• Awareness , insurance of water policy

11. Knowledge Dissemination Plan
• Working on environmental & health impact
projects in different countries.
• Applying the aims and methods in my own
country.
• Making aware of people on health effects
• Mapping recommendation on the issues.

12. Timeline
Date 2019-
20
Months Activity
2019 Jan- April Survey from families , familiar with environment
2019 April- June Survey from families, checking hospitals , water sources
2019 June-sep Health check up
2019 Sep- Dec Water sampling
 Home
 Nearby home
 Main source
2020 Jan- March Survey , awareness on health
2020 March - Nov Rerecords $ comparing with first days

13. Budged
1 Air fare cost ( round trip) 2,500 $
2 Accommodation
.
600,000 $
3 Food expense 3000$
4 Contingency
Any other cost in case of emergency,
health, accident etc.
10,000$
5 Documentation 1,500$
6 Land transport 3,000 $
7 Laundry and others 10,000$
Total 630,000$

14. References
• Campbell 1. Carla,(2016) , A Case Study of Environmental Injustice: The
Failure in Flint, file:///C:/Users/hphp/Downloads/ijerph-13-00951.pdf
• Cosgrove. William J., (2000), Making Water Everybody’s Business, world
water vision.
http://www.worldwatercouncil.org/fileadmin/wwc/Library/WWVision/Tab
leOfContents.pdf
• DeAngelis. Tori, (2016), Mental health concerns in Flint,
http://www.apa.org/monitor/2016/07-08/flint.aspx
• Grafton. R. Quentin,(2014), Global Water: Issues and Insights.
http://press-
files.anu.edu.au/downloads/press/p281381/pdf/book.pdf?referer=227
• Michigan Civil Rights Commission,(2017), the flint water crisis, Systematic
Racism Through the lens of Flint.
https://www.michigan.gov/documents/mdcr/VFlintCrisisRep-F-Edited3-
13-17_554317_7.pdf
• Mampane. P.M., GLOBAL FRESHWATER QUANTITY, QUALITY AND
DISTRIBUTION. http://eolss.net/Sample-Chapters/C07/E2-25-01-02.pdf