Water pollution occurs when contaminants are introduced into bodies of water, usually through human activities. The three main types of water pollution are surface water pollution, marine pollution, and groundwater pollution. Some key causes of water pollution include industrial and urban waste being disposed into water systems, agricultural runoff, and inadequate wastewater treatment. The effects of water pollution include threats to public health, reduced biodiversity and natural resources, and impacts on industries like agriculture and tourism that depend on clean water. Measures to control pollution include enforcement of regulations and building public awareness of water pollution issues.

1. Water
Pollution
Prepared by Lt Cdr
Shoboocktagin

2. Introduction
 Water pollution is the contamination of water
bodies, usually as a result of human activities.
Water bodies include for example lakes, rivers,
oceans, aquifers and groundwater. Water pollution
results when contaminants are introduced into the
natural environment. For example, releasing
inadequately treated wastewater into natural
water bodies can lead to degradation of aquatic
ecosystems. In turn, this can lead to public health
problems for people living downstream. They may
use the same polluted river water for drinking or
bathing or irrigation. Water pollution is the leading
worldwide cause of death and disease, e.g. due
to water-borne diseases.

3. Types
 Surface water pollution: Surface water pollution includes
pollution of rivers, lakes and oceans. A subset of surface water
pollution is marine pollution.
 Marine pollution: One common path of entry by contaminants
to the sea are rivers. An example is directly discharging
sewage and industrial waste into the ocean. Pollution such as
this occurs particularly in developing nations. In fact, the 10
largest emitters of oceanic plastic pollution worldwide are,
from the most to the least, China, Indonesia, Philippines,
Vietnam, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Egypt, Malaysia, Nigeria, and
Bangladesh.
 Groundwater pollution: Interactions between groundwater
and surface water are complex. Consequently, groundwater
pollution, also referred to as groundwater contamination, is
not as easily classified as surface water pollution. By its very
nature, groundwater aquifers are susceptible to
contamination from sources that may not directly affect
surface water bodies.

4.  Water washed away to the river and pollute
 Hydroelectricity
 Sedimentation
 Industrial waste and chemical particles in to river and water
body
 Tannery’s waste disposed off in to the water body
 Acid rain
 Urban waste water/waste disposal to the river or other water
body
 Sanitation
 Motor boat or other water vessel disposed off waste by
violating the regulation
 Accident in water
 Structure in the river
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5. Causes
 Natural
 Manmade

6. Effect of water pollution
 Dependence on ground water for irrigation as a
result agricultural production reduced
 Surface water reduced
 Natural resource from water reduced. Such as
fish.
 Navigable water reduced
 Water tourism
 Dumping in the ocean by waste disposal, cargo
waste disposal
 Atomic waste disposal in the ocean by
developed country

7. Effect on Biodiversity
 Sea weed, cord liver oil, skin and other
parts of fish or living resources used as
medicine
 Sea water dependent community will
divert to other occupation

8. Measures to control
Pollution
 Through enforcement
 Through motivation or building awareness
in global and national level