Water mapping
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The document discusses concepts in water management including the natural water cycle, how humans impact the cycle through infrastructure like dams and pipes, and strategies for sustainable urban water management. It focuses on rainwater harvesting techniques like catchment areas, conveyance pipes, filters, storage tanks, and recharge structures. Greywater reuse is also covered. Integrated systems are proposed that combine rainwater and greywater collection, filtration, storage and reuse or recharge to better manage water resources at household and neighborhood levels year-round.
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Water mapping
- 1. concepts in water management Asst Prof. Samyukta R Dept. Of Architecture Jawaharlal Nehru Architecture and Fine Arts University 23..03.2018
- 2. Natural water cycle 1. RAIN—->catchment—-> surface run off—- >creeks/ streams— >rivers/ lakes—-> oceans —> evaporation—->RAIN 2. RAIN—-> ground water infiltration—> underground aquifers (slow release to surface in dry season) source: sswm.info
- 4. source: sswm.info humans and the water cycle DAMS EFFLUENTS PIPES STORM WATER Have a major impact on the health of an ecosystem e.g. exploitation of groundwater e.g. pollution through inadequate sanitation BOREWELLS Depend entirely on a functioning ecosystem e.g. quantity and quality of water
- 7. Sustainable urban water cycle less infiltration low ground water flow more run off RAIN WATER HARVESTING • collection • recharge
- 8. At the micro level HOUSEHOLD NEIGHBOURHOOD
- 9. SUPPLY DRINKING COOKING BATHING WASHING CLOTHES WASHING UTENSILS Mopping indoors Cleaning outdoor Areas Cleaning the Car Gardening Flushing Collected rainwater Re use grey water Re use Grey water Legend: conventional piping piping to cut down water use Re use Grey water?
- 10. Rainwater Harvesting collection + recharge source: rainwaterharvesting.org Catch water where it falls, a toolkit on urban rainwater harvesting, CSE
- 11. Basic components ❖ Catchment ❖ convey pipes ❖ storage structure ❖ recharge structure
- 12. Catchments ❖ PAVED AREAS- terrace, balcony, courtyard etc. minimally used areas can be kept clean enough to harvest water for potable uses ❖ NON PAVED AREAS- Driveways, gardens, lawns. Water harvested off these areas is better suited for recharge and that too after suitable filtration
- 14. First Flushing A first flush device is a valve that ensures that runoff from the first spell of rain is flushed out and does not enter the system
- 15. Filter Sand Filter DEWAS filter • (PVC) pipe 140 mm in diameter and 1.2m long. • There are three chambers. • purification chamber has pebbles varying between 2-6 mm, • the second chamber has slightly larger pebbles, between 6 and 12 mm • the third chamber has the largest - 12-20 mm pebbles. There is a mesh at the outflow side through which clean water flows out charcoal filter can be used for smaller scale
- 16. Filter for large catchments concentric filter horizontal roughing filter
- 17. Storage tanks
- 18. Material of Storage tanks
- 19. Rainwater Collection Residence of Dr Satya Bhupal Reddy, Champapet, Hyderabad Case Study:
- 20. 54 sq m terrace Sand filter 54000l tanks for 6 months storage
- 21. Details CATCHMENT ❖ 54 sqm terrace area of metal sheet roofing ❖ cleaned before rainy season to ensure clean water run off STORAGE ❖ 3 tanks of 1800l each for potable water requirement ❖ 6lx30daysx6 monthsx5members ❖ tank is kept dark ❖ 5mg bleach added per 1000l once in 2 months ❖ Cleaned by removing the bottom valve, end of May every year FILTER ❖ sand filter made of ferrocement rings. 1.5m height ❖
- 22. Recharge structures allow settlement of suspended solids before recharge in unused wells or bore wells Include a filter media when recharging into bore wells in use
- 24. Grey water re-use source: SSWM.info Especially in the dry season
- 25. House hold grey water re-use By separating waste streams at the source, it is possible to retain high volumes of relatively safe water (i.e. greywater, rainwater) that can be directly reused, whilst reducing the volume of wastewater (i.e. blackwater) that must be treated before reuse.
- 26. to Summarise….
- 27. three different concepts rainwater filter settlement tank recharge storage tankgrey water filter storage tank1 2 3
- 28. Scope for integration? rainwater settlement tank recharge storage tank grey water filter 1 rainy season dry season valve to be installed to alternate two possible inlets combined design for catering to grey and rain water separation required if harvesting is done for drinking purpose All excess can be recharged during all seasons