Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies such as lakes, rivers, and oceans caused by human activities that introduce contaminants into the natural environment. It can cause diseases like dysentery and diarrhea. Several countries like India, Nigeria, Argentina, and Tanzania face issues with water contamination from sources such as sewage, oil spills, agricultural runoff, underground storage leaks, and religious practices negatively impacting water quality. The document advocates taking a pledge to avoid contaminating water and keep water bodies clean.