VSAT (Very Small Aperture Terminal) is a small satellite antenna, ranging from 80cm to 1.2m, used for data, voice, and video transfers in remote locations lacking infrastructure. It offers quick installation, low-cost network reconfiguration, and operates primarily on C-band and Ku-band frequencies using TDMA technology. Various implementation methods include one-way, split-two-way, and two-way services, with the ability to configure networks in star, mesh, or hybrid topologies.

1. VSAT
IN SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS

2. What it VSAT(Very Small Aperture Terminal)?
▪VSAT is a very small satellite antenna ranging in size
from 80cm to 1.2m.
▪VSAT is used for both broadcast & interactive
applications of effective data, voice and video transfer.
▪They can be installed where there is not predominant
infrastructure for communication in remote locations
because of their small size.

4. Why do we need VSAT’s?
▪ The dish is small, easily transportable and installation
lead-time is much shorter if compared to terrestrial
links.
▪ VSAT network allows rapid, low-cost network
reconfiguration and expansion to meet new or
unexpected business requirements.
▪ Cost effective transmission and network operations
are made possible by use of the Ex-C band satellite
frequency and FTDMA, FDMA or Time division multiple
access (TDMA) transmission techniques.

5. How a VSAT works?

6. How a VSAT works?

9. VSAT implementation
• THERE ARE THREE WAYS VSAT SERVICES MIGHT BE
IMPLEMENTED
– ONE-WAY (E.G. TV BROADCASTING SATELLITES)
– SPLIT-TWO-WAY (SPLIT IP) IMPLEMENTATION
(RETURN LINK FROM USER IS NOT VIA THE SATELLITE;
E.G. DIRECTV)
– TWO-WAY IMPLEMENTATION (UP- AND DOWNLINK)

10. VSAT transmitter

11. VSAT receiver Block diagram

12. VSAT parts

14. • VSAT system can operate using various industry frequencies
such as C-Band, Ku-Band, Ka-Band and X-Band. However, most
commercial VSAT networks use the C-Band and Ku-Band
frequencies.
• VSAT works on TDMA technology.
• VSAT’s can be arranged in Star, Mesh and Hybrid typology.
• At present, band used by VSAT system have three categories
which are 4/6 GHz at C-band, 12/14GHz at Ku-band,
20/30GHz at Ka-band. C-band has the advantage of mature
technology and stable space transmission