This document provides an overview of VMware vCloud Director and the components of a VMware cloud architecture. It discusses VMware vCloud Director, vSphere, vCenter Server, and other core components. It also covers setting up the management cluster, cloud resources like provider VDCs and networks, organizations, catalogs, and chargeback. The goal is to provide the information needed to deploy a complete VMware cloud.

1. VMware vCloud
Directory Technisch
Overzicht

2. Introductie ICT-Partners

3. VMware Accelerating the Journey to Cloud
Cloud Computing is an approach to computing that leverages the efficient pooling
of on-demand, self-managed virtual infrastructure, consumed as a service.
Pooling
From machines to highly elastic
resource pools, with on-demand
capacity
Zero-Touch Infrastructure
Policy-driven automation of
provisioning, deployment and
management
Self-Service
Easy access with policy-based
provisioning and
deployment
Control
Application-aware infrastructure
with built-in availability,
scalability, security and
performance guarantees
Open & Interoperable
Application mobility between
clouds, based on open standards
Leverage Existing Investments
Benefits of cloud computing to
existing applications and
datacenters
Efficiency thru Utilization
and Automation
Agility with Control Freedom of Choice

4. Agenda
 VMware Cloud Componenten en Licenties
 VMware Cloud Architectuur
 Deploying een VMware Cloud
 Cloud use cases
 Cloud Automation

5. Agenda
 VMware Cloud Componenten en Licenties
 VMware Cloud Architectuur
 Deploying een VMware Cloud
 Cloud use cases
 Cloud Automation

6. VMware Cloud Componenten
 VMware vSphere and vCenter Servers
 VMware vCloud Director
 vShield for VMware Cloud Director
 Chargeback Server

7. VMware vSphere en vCenter Server
 Clusters en Resource Pools
 Provide cloud compute
 DRS is a requirement for the
cluster
 Shared storage
 vMotion compatible or EVC
enabled
 Datastores
 Provide cloud storage
 Abstract away underlying storage
type
 Portgroups
 Provide cloud networking
 Abstract away underlying
networking infrastructure
 vSwitch, vNetwork Distributed
Switch or Nexus 1000V
vCenter Server
vNetwork Distributed Switch
FC Storage
vSphere Cluster/Resource Pool
ESXi/ESX hosts
iSCSI Storage NFS Storage

8. VMware vCloud Director
 Define standard infrastructure tiers
called Virtual Datacenters
 Pool virtualized infrastructure
resources across multiple vCenter
Servers
 Define standard collections of VMs
called vApps
 Create Organizations and manage
users with RBAC
 Provide UI for users to self provision
vApps into Virtual Datacenters
 Provide secure multi-tenancy using
vShield Edge

9. VMware vCloud Director Installation and Licensing
 Installs on RHEL 5 U4 or higher 64-bit
machine
 VMware vCloud Director supports
 VMware vSphere Editions
 VMware vSphere Enterprise*
 VMware vSphere Enterprise Plus
 VMware vCenter Server Editions
 VMware vCenter Server 4.0 Standard
 Minimum requirements
 vSphere and vCenter Server versions
4.0 U2 and 4.1.
vCenter Server
VMware vCloud
Director
VMware vCloud Director licensed by concurrent
powered-on VMs managed by VCD
*vSphere Enterprise will not support VLAN backed Network Pools and VMware vCloud Director Network Isolation (VCDNI) backed Network Pools

10. Oracle Database
 Oracle 10g/11g Standard or Enterprise database
 Oracle Express is not supported
 Will work for small test/dev, POC type deployments
 See Express database memory and storage restrictions on Oracle website
 Database can be run physical or in a virtual machine
 Ensure that the database is backed up and replicated
 Consult with your favorite DBA
 Sizing requirement guidelines
Database size VMs Users Orgs
173 MB 7943 4096 3854
343 MB 12793 4918 3951
443 MB 16443 11450 5022

11. VMware vShield for VMware vCloud Director
 VMware vShield Edge provides end point security
 Available for download with vSphere Enterprise and Enterprise Plus.
 One vShield Manager required per vCenter Server
 Provides network edge security
 Provides firewall, NAT, port forwarding, IP masquerading and DHCP functionality
(enforces multi-tenancy)
 Edge appliances deployed and managed by VMware vCloud Director on vSphere.
 Separate client not required.
 Does not require separate database
 Licensing
 Free but requires license key during configuration
 Upgradable to vShield Edge 1.0 (full version which includes site-to-site VPN and load
balancer)

12. VMware Chargeback Manager 1.5
 Associate costs and bill for VMware
vCloud Director usage
 Uses vCloud data collectors to
collect billable events from VMware
vCloud Director database
 Uses vCenter data collectors to
collect usage data for vCenter
Servers providing resources
 Database
 SQL Server 2005 and 2008
 Oracle 10g/11g Ent. or Std.
 Built-in load balancer
 Create new Chargeback servers to
scale with the cloud
 Licensed per VM

13. Agenda
 VMware Cloud Componenten en Licenties
 VMware Cloud Architectuur
 Deploying een VMware Cloud
 Cloud use cases
 Cloud Automation

14. VMware Cloud Architecture

15. Agenda
 VMware Cloud Componenten en Licenties
 VMware Cloud Architectuur
 Deploying een VMware Cloud
 Cloud use cases
 Cloud Automation

16. Deploying een VMware Cloud
 Setting up Management Cluster
 Setting up Cloud resources
 Provider VDC
 External Networks
 Network Pools
 Setting up Organizations
 Setting up Users, roles and privileges
 Setting up Policies
 Setting up Organizational Resources
 Organization VDC
 Organization Networks
 Setting up Catalogs of vApps and Media
 Setting up Chargeback

17. Install and protect VMware Cloud components
 Create a Management Cluster
 Verify DNS, AD, NTP availability and
redundancy
 Install vCloud Director Server on a
Management Cluster
 vCloud Director Server
o load balancer (if using >1
cell)
 Oracle Database
 vShield Manager virtual appliance
 Chargeback Server
 Chargeback SQL Server
 Protect using HA, DRS and SRM.
 Backup Management VMs via storage
level backups or vDR.
 Backup the Databases
 Use VUM to patch hosts
Management cluster
ESXi/ESX Servers

18. Deploying een VMware Cloud
 Setting up Management Cluster
 Setting up Cloud resources
 Provider VDC
 External Networks
 Network Pools
 Setting up Organizations
 Setting up Users, roles and privileges
 Setting up Policies
 Setting up Organizational Resources
 Organization VDC
 Organization Networks
 Setting up Catalogs of vApps and Media
 Setting up Chargeback

19. VMware vCloud Director web portal
 Provides a convenient web based
portal for
 Cloud administrators to deploy
and manage cloud resources
 End users to use cloud resources
 Web based – works with any
standard browser
 Rich Flash based UI experience

20. Cloud Personas
 Cloud Administrator
 Deploy and manage cloud infrastructure
 Add vCenter Servers
 Create Provider VDCs, External Networks and Network Pools
 Create Organizations
 Create Organization VDCs and Organization Networks
 Organization Administrator
 Organization user and roles management
 Creating catalogs
 Managing organization policies leases, quotas and limits
 Setting up org specific SMTP settings and org specific domain to join
 End Users
 Use vApps from catalogs
 Create vApp networks

21. Add vCenter Servers
 VMware vCloud Director supports
multiple vCenter Servers
 vCenter Servers provide
 Compute via Clusters and
Resource Pools
 Storage via Datastores
 Networks via portgroups and
vNetwork Distributed Switches
 Requires vCenter user with admin
credentials
 Requires vShield Manager
connected to vCenter Server

22. Create Provider Virtual Data Centers (VDC)
 Combine compute and storage into
standard offerings
 Created by Cloud administrator
 To create Provider VDC
 Select a Resource Pool/Cluster
 Select datastores that you wish to
attach to the Provider VDC.
 Max of 256 datastores per
Provider VDC
 Choose from across inventory of
vCenter Servers
 VMware vCloud Director prepares
each host in the cluster by installing
an agent. Host does not require
reboot.

23. Examples of Provider VDCs
 Use Provider VDCs to offer tiered compute and storage
 Fast, medium, slow compute and storage
 Silver (SATA), Gold (FC), Platinum (EFD), Unobtainium (aggregate) storage
 Nehalem based clusters, AMD based clusters
 Create a Provider VDC per tier of compute and storage you wish to offer to users

24. Create External Networks
 Provide external network
connectivity to cloud workloads
 “External” to (organizations in) the
cloud
 External networks can be isolated
at Layer 2 by VLANs or physical
separation
 Portgroup on a vDS (Nexus 1000V
supported)
 Shared resource providing cloud
workloads access to network
resources
 E.g. Corporate network, Test and
dev network, Production
network, Internet.

25. Create Network Pools
 Provide “Internal” network
connectivity to cloud workloads
 Internal to organizations
 Internal to vApps
 Pools of isolated Layer-2 networks
 Empower users to self-provision
networks
 Networks are provisioned on vDS
 portgroup backed network pools
supported on Nexus 1000V (see
next slide)

26. Types of Network Pools
 Portgroup-backed
 Create isolated portgroups in vSphere manually or with automation
 Attach a collection of them to VMware vCloud Director
 VLAN-backed
 VMware vCloud Director will automatically create portgroups as needed, and use a
range of VLANs to isolate them
 VMware vCloud Director Network Isolation-backed
 Proprietary network isolation technology
Network Pool Building Blocks
VLAN Backed + VLAN tags
vNetwork Distributed Switch
VCDNI + one VLAN for transport
vNetwork Distributed Switch
Portgroup backed vNetwork Distributed Switchor portgrovuSpwsitch

27. Deploying een VMware Cloud
 Setting up Management Cluster
 Setting up Cloud resources
 Provider VDC
 External Networks
 Network Pools
 Setting up Organizations
 Setting up Users, roles and privileges
 Setting up Policies
 Setting up Organizational Resources
 Organization VDC
 Organization Networks
 Setting up Catalogs of vApps and Media
 Setting up Chargeback

28. Create Organizations
 Unit of tenancy
 Isolate groups or users or lines of
business from each other
 E.g. Finance and IT
 created by Cloud administrator
 Users on boarded to organizations
 Each organization has a unique URL in
the VMware vCloud Director system

29. Authentication and RBAC
 3 Ways to Manage Users
 Local Users
 Simplest. User auth stored in
DB
 One LDAP server for entire cloud
 E.g. corporate Active Directory
 Organizations = OUs
 LDAP server per-organization
 Users & Groups assigned Roles
 Roles = collection of rights
 Create new or edit existing roles

30. Leases, Quotas and Limits
 Exercise control via leases, quotas
and limits
 Set by Organization administrator
 Lease – Length of time that a user
can use a vApp in a VDC
 Runtime and storage lease
 Quotas
 Running VM Quota
 Stored VM Quota
 Limits
 Heavy operations
o Per user
o Per Org
 Simultaneous connection per
VM

31. Deploying een VMware Cloud
 Setting up Management Cluster
 Setting up Cloud resources
 Provider VDC
 External Networks
 Network Pools
 Setting up Organizations
 Setting up Users, roles and privileges
 Setting up Policies
 Setting up Organizational Resources
 Organization VDC
 Organization Networks
 Setting up Catalogs of vApps and Media
 Setting up Chargeback

32. Create Organization VDCs
 Allocate resources to organizations
using Organization VDCs
 Org VDCs are allocated from
Provider VDCs
 Can be as large as a Provider VDC
 All Organization VDCs in a
Provider VDC are the same tier of
service
 Each organization VDC represents
a tier of service
 SLA
 Cost
 vApps run in Org VDCs
Org 1 Org 2
Premium
Provider VDC
Org 1
Premium
Organization
VDC
Commodity Provider
VDC
Org 2 Premium Organization VDC
Premium
Provider VDC
Other
Provider VDC

33. Organization VDCs
 Cloud Administrator allocates
portions of Provider VDCs to
organizations
 Select organization
 Select the Provider VDC
 Select the Allocation Model
 Pay-As-You-Go
 Reservation Pool
 Allocation Pool
 Select how much you wish to
allocate
 CPU, memory and storage
shares
 Select Thin Provisioning
 Select Network Pools for vApps to
use

34. Org VDC Allocation Models
 Pay as you go
 No upfront resource allocation
 Org VDC allocated resources only as users create vApps
 Can set compute limits to cap usage
 Can guarantee only a % of organization VDC resources to cap usage
 Reservation Pool
 Org VDC allocated a “container” set of resources
 100% of container guaranteed
 Organizations use advanced vSphere resource management
Guarantee
controls such as Shares and Reservations to manage over commitment of their
resources between their
workloads
 Allocation Pool
 Org VDC allocated a “container” set of resources
 Organizations have very simple model of resources and
Overcommit
range
Guarantee
Actual
advanced resource management controls such as Shares and
Reservations are managed by the cloud operator Actual

35. Create Organization Networks
 Provide connectivity to workloads running inside an organization
Network Features
Internal Connectivity to vApps within the organization. No external connectivity
External Routed Connectivity to vApps and services on a shared external network. vShield Edge device is deployed outside the organization to
provide NAT and firewall services for vApps inside the organization
External Direct Connect Connectivity to vApps and services on a shared external network. vApps get IP addresses on the external network. No NAT or
firewall exists between the organization vApps and other vApps on the External Network

36. Gold” vDC
Physical
Group
Resources
into
“Service
Tiers” with
Specific
costs
Resource
Groupings:
Provider
vDC
Org Resource
Allocation
Org: Finance
Provisioning Policies
Access Control
vDCs
Catalogs
Org: Sales
Provisioning Policies
Access Control
vDCs
Catalogs
Host
SAN
Network
vSphere
Resource Pool
Datastore
Port Group
Gold
Silver
VMware vCloud Director
From vSphere to Cloud Infrastructure

37. Deploying een VMware Cloud
 Setting up Management Cluster
 Setting up Cloud resources
 Provider VDC
 External Networks
 Network Pools
 Setting up Organizations
 Setting up Users, roles and privileges
 Setting up Policies
 Setting up Organizational Resources
 Organization VDC
 Organization Networks
 Setting up Catalogs of vApps and Media
 Setting up Chargeback

38. Catalogs
 Catalogs are collections of vApps and
media created & owned by Organizations
 Can be shared (to the org) & published (to the
whole cloud)
 Examples:
 Infrastructure as a Service Catalogs
 Empty Small, medium and large VMs/vApps.
 Pre-installed Windows & Linux VMs
 OS Media files (ISO, floppy images)
 App catalogs
 Corp standard Database servers, application servers
 If post deploy configurations are needed, guest
customization in VCD can run custom scripts
Linux Templates
Windows Templates
Engineering vApps
Basic Media
Catalog
IT - Oracle vApps Premium
Media Catalog

39. Create Catalogs
 Standardize infrastructure and
application offerings via Catalogs
 Organizations can create their
own catalogs
 Create multiple catalogs per
organization
 Catalogs can be
 Shared – Select users or entire
organizations can use catalog
 Published – All organizations in
the cloud can access and use
catalog

40. vApps
 Container of one or more VMs
 Package up multi-tier applications
into vApps
 Operate on VMs as one unit
 Select boot order of VMs, start
delays and stop delays
 Set runtime and storage leases
 Can be created from scratch
 Building blocks templates in the
catalog
 Can be imported from outside the
cloud
Availability =
99.99%
Security = High
Performance =
msec
SLA Definitions
Ap
p
OS
vApp
Ap
p
OS
Ap
p
OS
 Uses the OVF standard
 Captures meta data about the
VMs
 Allows import and export
between clouds in standard
format

41. Import vApp templates and media into catalogs
 Import vApps (.ovf) from local file
system
 VMware vCloud Director uses
image transfer service to copy
vApp from local file system to
vSphere
 Requires NFS share mounted to
all VMware vCloud Director
servers
 Import powered off VMs from
attached vCenter Servers
 No import of vApps from vCenter
Server. VMs only.
 Export your vSphere vApps to
ovf and import from local
filesystem
 Organization administrators
cannot import VMs from vSphere

42. Deploying een VMware Cloud
 Setting up Management Cluster
 Setting up Cloud resources
 Provider VDC
 External Networks
 Network Pools
 Setting up Organizations
 Setting up Users, roles and privileges
 Setting up Policies
 Setting up Organizational Resources
 Organization VDC
 Organization Networks
 Setting up Catalogs of vApps and Media
 Setting up Chargeback

43. Chargeback
 Manage cloud organizations and
workloads via hierarchies
 Attach cost models
 Generate usage and billing reports

44. Connecting Chargeback to the Cloud
 Install Chargeback data collectors
for
 vCenter Server
 VMware vCloud Director
 vShield Manager
 Add Cloud vCenter Server to
Chargeback Server

45. Setting up Hierarchies
 Chargeback automatically creates
hierarchies for organizations
created in VMware vCloud Director
 Under each organization, four top
level folders are created
 Allocation Pool
 Reservation Pool
 Pay-As-You-Go
 Networks
 Any changes made to Organization
VDCs will be reflected in
Chargeback heirarchy

46. Cost Models
 Chargeback ships with a set of cost
models pre-defined for each
VMware vCloud Director resource
allocation model
 vCloud Allocation Pool
 vCloud Reservation Pool
 vCloud Pay-As-You-Go
 vCloud Networking

47. Reports
 Generate reports by selecting
objects in Chargeback hierarchy
 Organization level usage and cost
report
 VM level usage and cost report
 Network and bandwidth usage
and cost report

48. Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS)
 Access vApps from Home screen
 Browse catalogs
 Copy to “My Cloud”
 Access VM consoles from within
browser

49. Access vApps from Home screen
 User logs in to organization
 User role definies the capabilities
available in the UI
 Simple UI allowing the following
user operations
 Quick access to all vApps owned
by the user
 Click the Thumbnail to launch the
Remote console
 Quick access to Catalog via “Add
Cloud Computer System” link

50. Remote Console
 Launches a new window allowing
users to interact with the VMs in
the vApp
 Allows power and suspend
operations
 Connect local CD ROM and floppy
devices, CD iso images from file
shares.
 Alternatively, users can connect via
remote protocols like ssh and RDP
to their VMs

51. Browse catalog and deploy vApps
 Copy vApps from the Organization
catalog (self-service)
 Select Organization VDC
 Connect the vApps to one or more
networks
 Create vApp networks
 Connect to organization networks
 Customize the VMs while deploying
 Requires sysprep files to be
available on VMware vCloud
Director server

52. Search for catalog items and deploy to org VDC
 Search catalog items based on
 Name
 Description
 Catalog
 VDC
 Owner
 Date Created

53. Network connections for vApp
 Networking
 Connect the vApp to
 External Network
 Organization Networks
 Create a new vApp Network on the fly
 Requires Network Pool available to the
organization
 Connect vApp Network to Org Network
o NAT or firewall
o VMware vCloud Director deploys a vShield Edge VM
to provide NAT and firewall services

54. Shared Catalogs
 Setup catalogs to be shared by
users in the organization
 Sharing needs to be setup by Org
admin
 Dev and Test users work on a
shared set of vApps
 Build systems, Source control
systems, Toolchains
 Users need permissions to upload
vApps into the catalog for sharing
 vApp owner role

55. Network Fencing
 Requires available Network Pool attached to
the Organization VDC
 Deploys a vShield Edge VM into the Org VDC
 Creates a portgroup on the vNetwork
Distributed Switch (vDS)
 Attaches the vShield Edge VM and the
vApp VMs to the portgroup
 Fenced vApp can span multiple hosts
 Deploy multiple copies of the vApp on the
same Org/External network without
modifying hostname or IP address
 Each VM keep original hostname/IP
information inside the fence
 Each VM assigned a new IP outside the
fence

56. The complete picture
Provider VDC
Organization
VDC
vApp
vCenter
Server 1
vCenter
Server 2
vCenter
Server n
VMware vCloud Director
Clusters,
datastores,
portgroups
Clusters,
datastores,
portgroups
Clusters,
datastores,
portgroups
Cloud compute cluster
Provider VDCs
Organization VDCs
vApps and templates
vShield Edge
Cloud management cluster with
management VMs
Network
Pool
External
Networks
External Networks
Network Pools
Organization Networks and
vApp Networks

57. BCDR with VMware vCloud Director
 Backup and recovery is fully supported in conjunction with vCloud
Director
 VMware recommends VADP-based backup solutions for backing up your
environment
 VMware Data Recovery is currently not compatible with vCloud Director
due to an identified bug
 VMware SRM is currently not compatible with vCloud Director
 Classic disaster recovery (DR) solutions are fully supported with vCloud
Director

58. Agenda
 VMware Cloud Componenten en Licenties
 VMware Cloud Architectuur
 Deploying een VMware Cloud
 Cloud use cases
 Cloud Automation

59. Elastic and Seasonal Workloads
 Elastic workloads
 Scale up and down based on load easily by adding or removing
 ESXi/ESX Servers to Provider VDC
 Datastores to Provider VDCs
 vCenter Servers
 VMware vCloud Director cells
 E.g. Monte Carlo simulations
 Seasonal Workloads
 Avoid having to purchase and maintain capacity through out the year for workloads
that are seasonal
 E.g. Tax season workloads, end of quarter accounting workloads
 Scale up resources during the season and scale down resources in the off season.

60. Multi-tenancy and Organization Isolation
 Use VMware vCloud Director to
provide complete Organization
isolation on a shared cloud
infrastructure
 E.g. Organizations storing
Consumer data
 Secure LOBs that store
consumer data using vShield
Edge
 Provide edge security isolating
the Organizations containing
customer data from other
organizations
 Multi-tenant UI with Role
based access control
 E.g. R&D org isolation
 Drive cost down by sharing
physical infrastructure
Org 2 Secure
vApp
Organization VDC
Org 1 vApp
Organization
secured by
vShield Edge

61. Customer Support and Troubleshooting
 Quickly spin up vApps to test customer configurations with minimal IT intervention
 Each vApp has short deployment and storage lease to save on resources
 Fence vApps to deploy multiple copies of vApps on shared networks
 Support Engineers can create vApp Networks on the fly without IT invervention
and deploy vApps to ensure network isolation

62. Product/Solution Demo and Training
 Demo use case
 Maintain a catalog of demos
 Systems Engineers can deploy demo vApps quickly with short deployment and storage
leases for demo purposes
 Training and remote education use cases
 Training administrator maintains course offerings in vApps
 Easily on-board students and associate roles and permissions
 Students can deploy course offerings into their cloud without IT intervention

63. Agenda
 VMware Cloud Componenten en Licenties
 VMware Cloud Architectuur
 Deploying een VMware Cloud
 Cloud use cases
 Cloud Automation

64. vCloud API
 RESTful
 Designed for web infrastructure
 Extensible, Modular
 Released in “Open” form
 Version 0.9 currently public
 Spans vCenter Instances
 Operate across multiple vCenter
Servers
 100% Virtual
 VIM API Unchanged
 With OVF standard, unlocks ability
to move vApps across clouds
(Hybrid cloud use case)

65. 2 Logical APIs for VMware vCloud Director
1: VMware vCloud Director “Admin
API”
 Automate VCD
Management
 Attach virtual/physical
resources
 Manage organizations,
users, etc.
 RESTful for loose coupling
to existing systems
2: vCloud API
 Standard way to consume
vCloud Resources

66. Orchestration + VMware Cloud
Financia
l
System
s
End Users
Redwoo
d Portal
Orchestration
Engine
vCenter
Chargeback
Datastores
VMware vCloud IaaS
VMware vSphere
Hosts
Approva
l
System
s
Asset
System
s
CMDB
….
User Portal + vCloud
API
vCloud API
Physical Config
1. User Workflow
Initiation
2. User Resource
Interaction
vSphere API
VCD Portal

67. Driving agility and efficiency in a secure and evolutionary way
Increase business agility by empowering
users to self-deploy services with the click of
a button
Maintain security and control over multi-tenant
environments with user controls and
VMware vShield
Reduce costs by efficiently delivering
resources to internal organizations as secure
virtual datacenters
Leverage existing investments and open
standards to ensure interoperability and
application portability between clouds

68. Backup

69. Responsibilities delegated to Organization Administrator
 Responsibilities of the org admin
 Organization user and roles
management
 Creating catalogs
 Managing leases, quotas and
limits for vApps deployed by the
org
 Setting up org specific SMTP
settings
 Specifying org specific domain
join for vApps deployed by the
org

70. User roles and previliges
 Users only get access to resources
that are associated with their
organizations
 The system comes with built-in
roles that range from “root” to
“view-only” users
 Custom roles can be defined by
those with the rights from a set of
over 50 rights
 If a user has multiple roles he/she
gets the union of rights
 Organization (tenant) specific
policies can conditionally be
delegated to the tenant without
compromising overall cloud policies