This document discusses human rights violations in Balochistan province of Pakistan. It details the history of Balochistan and nationalist movements seeking independence. It describes thousands of cases of enforced disappearances by the Pakistani military and intelligence agencies targeting Baloch nationalists and activists. The document also discusses abuses against Shia Muslims by terrorist groups and the assassination of Baloch leader Akbar Bugti ordered by the former military dictator. It covers issues of development, education and violence against women in Balochistan. The role of NGOs in advocating for human rights and development in the province is also outlined.

1. Violation of Human Rights in
Balochistan and role of NGO’s
SUBMITTED BY:
Aysha Zubaid
Neha Imtiaz
Fatima Karim

3. History:
 Before joining Pakistan,
Balochistan had four
states: Makran, Las
Bela, Kharan, and Kalat.
 Makran, Las Bela, and Kharan
joined Pakistan in 1947.
 Kalat, chose independence.
 In April 1948, Pakistan deployed
armed forces to Kalat, and the
Khan was forced to accede to
Pakistan.
 By June 1948, Baluchistan in
whole became a region of

4. Nationalist movement in Balochistan:
 There were three movements after 1948:
1958–1959, 1962–1963 and 1973–1977, and a
fifth began in 2002.
 1958–1959 conflict: caused by imposition of
the One Unit plan which had been
implemented in 1955.
 1957 : Nauroz Khan announced his intention to
secede; Pakistan declared martial law one day
later.
 Pakistan bombed villages and deployed tanks
with support from artillery.

5. Missing Persons:
“It is a general term used in Pakistan to refer to the
alleged ostensibly”
 Hundreds of persons in Pakistan who have
disappeared after accusation of terrorism.
 In 2002–2005 it is estimated that 4000 people
detained in province, only 200 were taken to
court and the rest have been held
incommunicado.

6. Supreme Court Investigation
 There are more than 5,000 cases
of ‘forced disappearances’ in
Balochistan.
 Many innocents stuck in slow
court system, others are in prison
waiting for charges.

7.  The Supreme Court is investigating
the "missing persons" and issued
arrest warrant for the former Military
Dictator Pervez Musharaf.
 Chief Justice said the military must act
under the government's direction and
follow parameters set by the
Constitution.

8. Military and Paramilitary
Abuses
 ISI has also been accused of human rights
abuses in Balochistan, with the disappearances of
nationalists and activists.
 In 2008 , an estimated 1102 people were
disappeared from the region.
 There have also been reports of torture and
roadside bodies having been shot.

9. Continue…
 In 2011, the Human Rights Commission
reported ISI and Frontier Corps as the
perpetrators in illegal disappearances in
Balochistan.
 Daily news reported that ISI and Frontier
Corps puts abducted Balochs to death
illegally.
 In 2012 the government denied allegations
over the use of death squads operating in
Balochistan in the Supreme Court.
 Balochistan’s former chief minister Sardar
Akhtar Jan claimed the current disturbances
in Balochistan were due to enforced
disappearances.

10. Shia Minority
 Shia Muslims make up at least 20% of the total
population.
 Hazara people in Quetta, have lost nearly 800
members in terrorist attacks by Lashkar-e-Jhangvi
and Sipah-e-Sahaba; Al-Qaeda and Taliban Sunni
Muslim terrorists organizations.
 The repression worsened after September 11
attacks.
 Since 2000, Hazara community were attacked by
Al-Qaeda and Taliban Sunni Muslim
terrorists.Many Shia Muslims were killed in
northern areas of Pakistan.

11. Continue…
 In 2002, 12 Shia police cadets were gunned
down in Quetta. In 2003, the main Shia Friday
Mosque was attacked in Quetta, killing 53
worshippers.
 March 2, 2004, many were killed and wounded
when a procession of the Shia Muslims was
attacked by rival Sunni extremists
 In 2006, 53 people died and 150 were injured
in a suicide attack on a Shia mosque in Quetta
in 2003.
 In 2009, as many as 40 Shias were killed in an
apparent suicide bombing during Ashura in
Karachi.

12. Baloch Separatist Group
 Baloch movements have
carried out a wide range of
systematic human rights
abuses in Balochistan,
including targeted killings of
ethnic non-Baloch civilians.
 This has caused an economic
draining in the province. A
large number of professors,
teachers, engineers, barbers
and masons are leaving the
province for fear of attacks.
 ".

13.  This will push the Baloch nation at
least one century back.
 These immigrant settlers had been
living in Balochistan for centuries and
called it "a crime against humanity

14. Assassination of Bugti
 Nawab Akbar Bugti was a famous
Baloch leader and head of Bugti
tribe, involved in struggles, in
Balochistan in the 1950s, 1960s,
and 1970s.
 He was accused by government of
running a well-organized
militia,called as Balochistan
Liberation Army (BLA)
 According to thegovernment, he
was directing a “Mullah Omar” style
guerrilla war.
 In 2006, General Pervez Musharraf

15. Development Issues
 Government of Pakistan has claimed its intention to
bring industrialization to the province, and continues to
claim that progress has been made and introduced an
economic package called "Aghaz-e-Haqooq-e-
Balochistan” along new Gawadar-Karachi highway.
 Baloch nationalist groups argue the benefits of these
policies and extraction of natural gas, have not accrued
to the native Baloch residents.

16. Continue…
 The people of the region maintain a nomadic lifestyle
due to extreme poverty and illiteracy.
 The native people are continuously threatened which
has resulted in loss of thousands of innocent lives for
many years.
 In 2004 three chinese engineers working on a
hydropower project to develop Baloch agricultural
capacity, were killed while another 11 injured in a car
bomb attack by BLA.
 The royalties do not drop down to the common people
in Balochistan due to corruption and wealth-hoarding
of Baloch tribal chiefs. This has hindered the growth
of infrastructure.

17. Education Problem
 The government has sought to encourage
scholarships for Balochistan students so they can
go home and lead development programs.
 The provincial governments of Sindh, Punjab and
KP said they would take steps to encourage
Balochistan students to enroll and benefits from
100% scholarships.
 Nationalists argue that not enough education
development is taking place, and the government
has neglected its duty.

18. Violence Against Women in
Balochistan
 Domestic Violence The
supremacy of the male and
subordination of the female
assumed to be the part of the
culture and even to have
permission of the religion is
responsible for the acceptability of
the universal features of domestic
violence.

19. Stove burning
 Stove burning has become more
common indication of increased
marital violence. Deaths by stove
burning are generally attributed to be
accidental bursting of stoves with
responsibility on manufacturer or the
carelessness and ignorance of women
using the stove.

20.  Karo-kari An increased incidence of
karo-kari ‘blackened man, blackened
woman’ in Balochistan. Perceptions
of women as male property, karo-kari
takes place to avenge family ‘honor’
when a woman violates tribal or
cultural norms.
Continue…

21. Watta Satta
 Watta Satta The Practice of Watta
Satta in which a brother and sister are
married to another pair of siblings
continues unchanged. This custom
prevails not only amongst the lower
classes, in order to cut down demand
of dowry but also amongst middle and
upper classes.

22. Role of NGO’s in
Balochistan
 The Human Rights Commission of Pakistan
(HRCP) has remained concerned about the human
rights situation in Balochistan
 The recent incident of multiple suicide bombings in
Quetta and Ziarat. HRCP expresses its deep
condolences to the families of all the victims.
 There was almost all speakers that HRCP met
expressed some hope in the formation of the new
government. It was considered to be a positive step
which could lead to an opportunity for ending grave
human rights violations in the province.

23. Continue..
 However, the same speakers warned that they saw
no signs of a change in policy within the security
and intelligence agencies as the acts “kill and
dump”, torture, extra judicial killings continue.
 Even while the new government was being sworn
in, dead bodies were being discovered and there
have been reports of missing people post elections
as
 HRCP finds that such allegations must be taken
seriously.
 The federal government was expected to fully back
the provincial government in its developmental
works in the province.

24. NGO’s within Balochistan
 Balochistan Environmental and educational Journey
(BEEJ)
 Harboi Development Organization
 AZAT Foundation
 Participatory Educational Awareness And Community
Empowerment
 Welfare Association For New Generation
 Peaceful Environment for Women Society
 Ncbp-Nations Capacity Building Program
 Balochistan Organization for Needful Development
(BOND)
 Balochistan Education Foundation (BEF)
 ASHDS - Ahmer Social and Human Development
Society
 PAWAL-Promotion for Awareness Welfare and Literacy
 BDI-Balochistan Development Initiatives

25. Azat Foundation
 It is a not for profit and non – governmental
organization, established on 17th February 2003.
 Azat Foundation is engaged in advocacy,
campaigning, community mobilization, research,
networking, challenging anti poor policies, plans
and actions at local, national and international level
with different coalitions.
 Azat Foundation also works for development of
unprivileged and less developed communities and
responses disasters in disaster prone areas to
make sure all human exercise equal rights and get
equal opportunities of development.

26. References
 http://www.diplomaticcircle.com/November11_Arti
cles/ruralwomen.php
 http://balochhouse.blogspot.com/2010/02/balochi
stan-violence-against-women-are.html
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balochistan_conflict
 http://www.ngos.org.pk/cities/balochistan-
ngos.htm
 http://www.azatfoundation.org
 http://www.irinnews.org/report/18369/pakistan-
focus-on-ngos-and-community-development-in-
balochistan
 http://hrcp-web.org/hrcpweb/hrcp-launches-
balochistan-fact-finding-missions-report/
 http://hrcp-web.org/hrcpweb/hrcp-fact-finding-
mission-to-balochistan-issues-observations/

27. Thank you for your
attention!