The document summarizes the 2008 Mumbai terrorist attacks where militants carried out coordinated attacks across Mumbai killing 174 people. It discusses the locations that were attacked, including hotels and train stations. It then outlines the response from governments and improvements to security and counterterrorism efforts that were implemented in India after the attacks.

1. MUMBAI
TERREOR
ATTACK 26/11
By:
Vinay kumar.M
08011BB032
Department of Urban and Regional Planning,
School of Planning and Architecture,
Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University,
Hyderabad.
Facilities & service planning (7 sem)

2. The situation…
 several militants, armed with AK-47 rifles,
grenades and low intensity bombs carried out
coordinated attacks on several key sites within
India’s financial hub, Mumbai.
 Ten simultaneous attacks targeting the Taj Hotel,
the Oberoi Trident Hotel, Café Leopold,
Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus (CST) railway station
and the Cama Hospital, occurred.
 So far 174 people have been reported killed while
294-300 have been injured.

3. Movement at the time of attack…

4. Commando's in charge…

5. Vulnerable situation of city due to
attack…

6. Locations of attack…

7. Public and International
Reactions
 United Nations (UN) spokesman calls for the
militants to be brought to justice immediately.
 The government of the United States Obama
urged the United States to continue to strengthen
its partnerships with India and other nations
worldwide in the efforts to eliminate terrorist
networks.
 British Prime Minister Gordon Brow has stated
thatUK stands strongly with the Indian
government and will offer “necessary help”

8. The Indian government’s response to the Mumbai attacks highlighted
several key weaknesses in the country’s general counterterrorism and
threat-mitigation structure.
 Intelligence failure
 Gaps in coastal surveillance
 Inadequate “target hardening”
 Incomplete execution of response protocols
 Response time problems
 Inadequate counterterrorism training & equipment
for local police
 Limitations of municipal fire & emergency services
 Poor strategic communication & information
management

9. Indian local &national body
reaction…
 Criticism of politicians and resignations
Indians criticised their political leaders after the attacks,
saying their bickering and ineptness was at least partly
responsible.
 Criticism of the rescue operation
The NSG commandos based in Mehram Nagar, Palam
Airport,Delhitook 10 hours to reach the terrorists.
 Demand for self-defense
The war on Mumbai has left the corporate sector of
India angry; vulnerable sectors want to be armed.
 Tribute to victims

10. International
support…
 Australia – Australia had sent a team of Federal Police to
Mumbai. A group of seven officers have arrived to study the
terror attack and the modus operandi used by the terrorists.
 Israel – Israel had offered a forty-strong team of special
operation forces and assistance in investigations.
 Malaysia – Malaysian authorities had investigated reports
related to Malaysian-issued credit cards found in the
belongings of the terrorists involved in the Mumbai attacks.
 United Kingdom – United Kingdom had sent 15 forensic
experts from the intelligence services to Mumbai to help with
the investigations on the attacks on India’s financial capital.

11. Contd…
 US – President of the United States George W. Bush told
Prime Minister Manmohan Singh that American agencies
will "throw their weight" behind India's investigation into the
Mumbai terror attacks and demonstrate a "shared
commitment" to combat terrorism.

12. Improvement in security
arrengments after the attack
 Force One, Maharashtra’s “elite security force designed on
the lines of the National Security Guard (NSG)” has been
commissioned.
 Arms purchase has increased in India. Not just in
Maharashtra but by the central government, and the Army
too.
 The Navy is also beefing up on infrastructure to protect India
from the sea. From aircraft to boats, to the numerical
strength of personnel is all being increased.
 A 20 per cent increase in the budget for Coast Guard
vessels. Manpower is also being increased.
 The government has opened four NSG hubs in Mumbai,
Kolkata, Hyderabad and Chennai, each having a strength of

13. The government have strengthen the
following…
 Border Security Force
 Central Industrial Security Force
 Central Reserve Police Force
 National Security Guards
 Special Protection Group
 State police
 Metropolitan police
 State Armed Police Forces

14. Contd…
 Selection and Training
selection levels of the position and direct entry (where an
applicant does not have to start at the lowest level) is
possible. The educational requirements increase with
recruitments for higher posts.
 Encounter Squads
The Mumbai Encounter Squad is an unofficial group within
the police force of Mumbai, India. It consists of several high-
profile officers from the Detection Unit. The squad primarily
deals with members of the Mumbai underworld and other
criminal gangs and carries out the elimination of criminals.

15. contd…
 Mumbai government planned to buy 36 speed boats to
patrol the coastal areas and several helicopters for the
same purpose.
 to create an anti-terror force called "Force One" and
upgrade all the weapons that Mumbai police currently
have.
 The government strengthened anti-terror laws
with UAPA 2008, and the federal National Investigation
Agency was formed.

16. Conclusion…
Indian government failed in mitigating the attack
effect and could have done better then it have…
 Intelligence analysis & sharing
 Emergency preparedness & rapid response
 Investigation management
 Consequence management
 Advocacy and research roles
 Ensuring greater coordination on more regular
basis between the police & the vulnerable private
sector targets.