The document discusses the concept of computer architecture. It describes computer architecture as the programmer's view of the structure of a computer that must be understood to write correct programs. Computer organization is defined as the actual hardware structure and implementation. The concept of computer architecture is explained as a hierarchical framework with multiple levels of abstraction from operating system down to circuit elements. Formal descriptions of computer architectures can be provided using languages like VHDL or design space trees.

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2. The Concept of Computer Architecture
• Evolution and interpretation
• levels of abstraction
• hierarchical framework
• Extensions
• Description of computer architectures
CH02
TECH
Computer Science
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3. Evolution of the concept of
computer architecture
• Computer architecture (programmer’s view)
the structure of a computer that a machine language
programmer must understand to write a correct (timing
independent) program for the machine
• Computer organization (implementer’s view)
actual hardware structure and realization
• hierarchical, multilevel description
electronic circuit, logic design, programming,
processor-memory-switch
• functional specification and hardware implementation
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4. Recent interpretation of the concept
• Computer architecture
Underlying computational model
 von Neumann, dataflow, …
Level of consideration
 micromachine, processor, computer system
Scope of interest
 functional specification, implementation
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5. The concept of computer architecture
• as a Multilevel hierarchical framework
See fig. 2.10
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6. Hierarchical description of digital systems
• 1. operating system
• 2. Computer system
• 3. Processor
• 4. functional block
• 5. circuit
• 6. circuit elements
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7. Description of computer architectures
• informal description
• Formal description
description by ADLs (VHDL)
description by a design space using DS-trees
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8. A brief overview of general purpose ADLs
• VHDL
Very high speed integrated circuits Hardware
Definition Language
formal description used by simulation tools
circuit, logic, functional, algorithmic, architectural
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9. The design space and its representation
Using DS-trees
• A “consists of” B and C
• A “can be performed by”
B or C
• A “can be executively
performed by” B or C
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10. The design space and its representation
Using DS-trees
• A “consists of” B and C
• A “can be performed by”
B or C
• A “can be executively
performed by” B or C
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