The document provides an introduction to version control using Subversion (SVN), explaining basic concepts such as repositories, branches, and tags. It outlines the reasons for using version control, common practices for branching, merging, and tagging, and also addresses handling complex projects with multiple tasks and developers. Moreover, it emphasizes the importance of keeping branches in sync, resolving conflicts through collaboration, and the best practices for committing changes.

1. Version
Control
101
How
to
master
SCM
with
Subversion

2. What
is
Version
Control?
• Maintain
versions
of
sources
• Allows
for
collabora>on
• Tracking
progress
• Recording
history
2

3. Why
Version
Control?
• To
work
on
something
• Without
hindering
others
• Try,
fail
and
start
over
• Distribute
workload
3

4. Lingo
• Repository:
the
loca>on
that
acts
as
Version
Control
system
• Trunk:
the
lifeline
of
the
project
where
everything
starts
and
everything
ends
• Branch:
a
custom
lifeline
for
individual
tasks
or
collec>ve
works
• Tag:
a
label
to
iden>fy
something
in
>me
(like
a
version
or
milestone)
4

5. • Branching:
the
act
of
crea>ng
a
side
lifeline
for
a
specific
purpose
• Tagging:
the
act
of
labeling
an
event
in
>me
• Merging:
the
act
of
synchronizing
a
side
lifeline
with
his
parent
lifeline
• Integra6ng:
the
act
of
reuni>ng
the
side
lifeline
with
its
paren
lifeline
5

6. Common
situa>on
1
2 3
4
5
6
7 8
9
10
12
13
11
Trunk
Tags
Branches
Discontinued
6

7. Trunk
• Is
the
most
up-­‐to-­‐date
lifeline
• All
branches
start
from
here
• All
branches
must
return
here
7

8. Basic
merging
&
tagging
• Branch
from
TRUNK
• Work
on
branch
• Integrate
branch
• Tag
event
8

9. Standard
Layout
• Repository
-­‐ trunk:
the
main
lifeline
of
sources
-­‐ branches:
your
playground
-­‐ tags:
your
memory
labels
9

10. Trunk
Trunk
10

11. Crea>ng
a
branch
Trunk
Branch
11

12. How
to
branch
• svn
cp
^/trunk
^/branches/myBranch
• svn
co
^/branches/myBranch
12

13. Keep
in
sync
Trunk
Branch
13

14. How
to
sync
• svn
merge
^/repo/trunk
• svn
commit
14

15. Integra>ng
a
branch
Trunk
Branch
15

16. How
to
integrate
• svn
merge
-­‐-­‐reintegrate
^/branches/myBranch
• svn
commit
16

17. Tagging
Trunk
Branch
Tag
17

18. How
to
tag
• svn
cp
^/repo/trunk@12345
^/tags/myTag
18

19. Sub-­‐branching
• Why
sub-­‐branching?
• New
branch
• Small
sub-­‐branches
• Integrate
back
19

20. Why
sub-­‐branching?
• Working
on
a
large
task
-­‐ With
several
dependent
sub-­‐tasks
• You
want
to
keep
related
sources
together
-­‐ O^en
when
doing
versioning
• Try
stuff
out
20

21. Create
a
sub-­‐branch
Trunk
Branch
Sub-branch
Same way as creating a branch!
21

22. How
to
sub-­‐branch
• svn
cp
^/repo/branches/myBranch
^/repo/branches/mySubBranch
22

23. Syncing
sub-­‐branches
Trunk
Branch
Sub-branch
23

24. How
to
sync
sub
branches
• svn
merge
^/repo/trunk
^/repo/branches/myBranch
• svn
merge
^/repo/branches/myBranch
^/repo/branches/mySubBranches
24

25. Reintegrate
sub-­‐branch
25
Trunk
Branch
Sub-branch

26. How
to
reintegrate
sub-­‐branch
26
• svn
merge
-­‐-­‐reintegrate
^/repo/branches/mySubBranch
^/repo/branches/myBranch

27. Reintegrate
=
End-­‐Of-­‐Life
27

28. Complex
situa>ons
28
• A
project
with
mul>ple
tasks
• A
project
with
mul>ple
developers

29. Handle
complex
situa>ons
• Create
a
new
branch
for
the
project
-­‐ This
will
be
your
own
trunk
-­‐ Keep
it
in
sync
with
TRUNK
• For
each
itera>on
create
a
sub-­‐branch
-­‐ This
will
be
your
working
branch
-­‐ Keep
it
in
sync
with
project
branch
• For
each
task
create
a
sub-­‐branch
from
the
sub-­‐branch
-­‐ This
will
be
your
feature
branch
(playground)
-­‐ Keep
it
in
sync
with
project
sub-­‐branch
29

30. Visualiza>on
complex
situa>on
30
Trunk
Feature branch
Iteration branch Iteration branch
Task branches
X
New release
Merge
Merge
Merge
X
Hot fixes
Merge
Merge
Merge

31. Remember
31
• Always
keep
in
sync
with
parent
branch
• Merge
down
one
step
at
a
>me

32. What
about
conflicts
• Conflicts
indicate
a
problem
-­‐ Code
changed
on
same
posi>on
• What’s
“working”,
“le^”
and
“right”?
-­‐ Working
is
the
current
situa>on
a^er
merge
with
your
code
-­‐ Base
or
le^
is
the
code
before
merge
-­‐ Head
or
right
is
incoming
changes
from
the
code
you
merge
with
32

33. //File: example.php
<<<<<<.working
$this->property = $newValue;
======
$this->property = $oldValue;
>>>>>>.r12345-right
Example
conflict
• By
opening
the
conflicted
file
-­‐ look
what’s
in
conflict
-­‐ discuss
with
developers
which
value
to
take
-­‐ if
both
changes
are
required,
you
need
add
both
33

34. 34
Don’t solve conflicts yourself!
Always consult with all developers involved!
Changes made by one developer conflicting other developer’s
changes might require both changes to be implemented!

35. 35
Some
advice
• Commit
small
Ensure
your
commit
contains
one
task
• Commit
o=en
More
commits
build
up
history,
allowing
to
replay
changes
you
made
easily
to
parent
• Integrate
quick
Don’t
keep
sub-­‐branches
alive
too
long,
the
sooner
they
are
reintegrated,
the
easier
it
is
to
merge
with
other
tasks

36. Recommended
Reading
36
Click on the books to order

37. 37
Contact
us
info@in2it.be
www.in2it.be
tel EU: +32 15 34 52 90
tel US: (202) 559-7401
PHP Consulting
Training Courses
Quality Assurance
Web design