vbe1

1. TOPIC
UNIT
CLASS
NO
WEEK
UNIT I CAR BODY DETAILS
Introduction to Vehicle body Engineering. Need for Vehicle body
Engineering
1
1
1 Types of Car body: Saloon, convertibles, Limousine, Estate Van, Racing
and Sports car
1
2
Car body terminology
1
3

2. Need for Vehicle body Engineering
• Body contributes about 40% to 60% of total weight in the case of cars and 65% to 70% in
the case of buses – reduction is must to increase payload.
• Weight reduction also improves fuel consumption.
• Aerodynamic characteristics determines fuel consumption at high speed & stability in cross
wind.
2

3. • Most customers’ appeal of style should also be considered.
• Safety of drivers, passengers and pedestrians should be considered.
• In direct cost – body contributes bout 50% to 70% of total cost. In indirect cost,
expected life influence the price.
3

4. History
• Carriage –vehicle jolting with 5 miles/hr to smooth comfort vehicle running with a
km/hr.
• 1896-98 – body is a convenient seat for the driver & a cover for engine and other
chassis.
• Horse carriage builder built the vehicles.
• Sheet metal is introduced to reduce weight.
• Around 1909 – vehicle speed is 12miles/hr –design of body took place.
4

5. CARRIAGE
5

6. • In 1913 Hendry Ford stared mass production of cars – Ford Model-T with slogan “Car
for everyone”
• This car took few man hours to assemble the engine and several man hours for body
building.
• In Model –A wooden components are replaced.
• In 1930 Butt Corporation of Philadelphia made all-metal body by welding.
• In 1930 only Spot-welding has been introduced.
6

7. • First style – Two seater, open and equipped with sheets for covering the driver and
passenger.
• Later a glass screen was erected in front of the driver.
• Four seater style with collapsible hood and celluloid side screen – All weather body.
• Popular model – Saloon –Enclosed body with glass windscreen, wind-up windows and
sheet metal roof.
• In 1950 – Integral construction was introduced.
7

8. TYPES OF CAR BODIES

9. • Saloon or sedan
• Notchback
• Fastback
• Hatchback
• Four Door Saloon
• Two Door Saloon
• Pillar less Saloon
• Sports Coupe
• Coupe
• Limousine
• Estate car
• Convertibles
9

10. NOTCHBACK
• A notchback sedan is a three-box sedan, where the
passenger volume is clearly distinct from the trunk
volume of the vehicle (when seen from the side).
• The roof is on one plane, generally parallel to the
ground, the rear window at a sharp angle to the roof,
and the trunk lid is also parallel to the ground.
• Example: Maruthi Suzuki Swift Dzire
10

11. FASTBACK
• A fastback sedan is a two-box sedan,
with continuous slope from the roof to
the base of the deck lid, but excludes
the hatchback feature.
11

12. HATCHBACK
• Hatchback containing a passenger
cabin with an integrated cargo space,
accessed from behind the vehicle by a
single, top-hinged tailgate or large flip-
up window.
• The vehicle commonly has two rows of
seats, with the rear seat able to fold
down to increase cargo space.
12

13. FOUR DOOR SALOON
• This is the most common passenger car.
• Passenger comforts such as
• well designed seats,
• ease of entry and exit,
• good heating and ventilation system and
better styling are the features of this
model.
• Drag coefficient of this model is about
0.35 to 0.50
13

14. TWO DOOR SALOON AND PILLAR LESS SALOON
• The features of two door saloon and
pillar less saloon are the same as that
of four door saloon.
• However in pillar less saloon there
will not be a center pillar.
14

15. SPORTS COUPE
• It is a small car with two seats.
• Better aerodynamic shape and better
acceleration are the features of this
model.
• Styling is not important.
• Lightness and rigidity are also the
features of this model.
• Cd = 0.2 to 0.3
15

16. COUPE
• A coupe is commonly understood to have
a fixed roof and two doors.
• The rear seat placed further forward than
in a standard sedan offering either two
seats or 2+2 seating for two passengers
in the front and two occasional passengers
or children in the rear.
• However several four-door vehicles,
including the Mercedes-Benz CLS and
Rover P5 Coupé, are claimed by their
manufacturers to be "coupes".
16

17. LIMOUSINE
• It is a luxury car. It is provided with
components and equipment of high
quality and with better finish.
• It is usually provided with a partition
between the driver and the
passengers.
• Cushioned seats, air conditioning,
cooling glasses etc are the other
features of this model.
17

18. Estate car
• The luggage compartment is the
continuation of passenger compartment
without partition between them.
• Thus more luggage space and longer
wheelbase are the speciality of this
model.
• The other names of this model are
Universal, Kombi, Station wagon,
Camping Van and Break van.
18

19. CONVERTIBLES
• These models are provided with
wind-up windows and folding roof.
19

20. CAR BODY TERMINOLOGY

21. 21

22. • Roof panel
• Bonnet panel
• Boot lid
• Front wing
• Radiator grille
• Front bumper bar
• Headlamps
• Side lamps
• Sill panel
• Front door
• Rear door
• Centre pillar
• Rear quarter panel
22

23. • Head lining: Material like Cloth, PVC etc to cover the inner surface of the roof.
• Quarter lite: The window directly above quarter panel.
• Bonnet: Metal cover over the engine compartment.
• Boot: Luggage compartment.
• Scuttle Panel: Panel between the bonnet and windscreen.
• Squab: The rear seat back construction.
• Tunnel: A raised floor panel section for drive shaft.
• Wheel arch: panel forming the inner housing for road wheels.
23

24. • Back lite: Central window in the rear panel.
• Body sill: Panel directly below the bottom of the door.
• Cant rail: Longitudinal framing of the roof at the joining.
• Cant panel: Curved section of the roof top running between the flat top & rain channel.
• Door skin: Door exterior panel.
• Door trim: Door interior.
• Drip moulding: Roof gutter to direct water from door opening.
• Fire wall: Panel dividing engine compartment from passenger compartment.
24

25. 25