The document discusses the importance of inculcating values in students, defining values as principles that enhance the quality of life and guide behavior. It outlines the different types of values, their sources, and the crises surrounding declining values in society, emphasizing the need for educational institutions to foster a stronger sense of morality and social responsibility. Various strategies for value inculcation are suggested, including club activities, community service, and the role of teachers as role models.

1. Dr. B C Mondal
Principal, Nikhil Banga
Sikshan Mahavidyalaya
Inculcating values
among the students

2. Introduction
 Values are those principles, which assists us
for the betterment of the quality of life. It
codifies the do’s and don'ts of behavior. They
form the basics of character formation and
development of personality.
 Value is also defined as important and lasting
beliefs or ideals shared by the members of a
society about what is right or wrong and
desirable or undesirable.

3.  According to Makiguchi, a Japanese
Philosopher “Value arises from the interaction
between humans and their surroundings and
it is only in this sense that value can be
created”
 According to M. Haralambos, “A value is a
belief that something is good and desirable”.
Definition

4. Definition
 According to Zaleznik and David, “Values are
the ideas in the mind of men compared to
norms in that they specify how people should
behave. Values also attach degrees of
goodness to activities and relationships”
 Values defined in Organizational Behavior as
the collective conceptions of what is
considered good, desirable, and proper or
bad, undesirable, and improper in a culture.

5. Characteristics
 Values are relatively permanent.
 These can provide standards of competence
and morality.
 Personal values can be influenced by culture,
tradition, and a combination of internal and
external factors.
 Most of our core values are learned early in
life from family, friends, neighborhood school,
the mass print, visual media and other
sources within the society.

6.  Values are loaded with effective thoughts
about ideas, objects, behaviour, etc.
 They contain a judgmental element in that
they carry an individual’s ideas as to what is
right, good, or desirable.
 Values can differ from culture to culture and
even person to person.
 Values play a significant role in the integration
and fulfillment of man’s basic impulses and
desire stably and consistently appropriate for
his living.
Characteristics

7.  Value build up societies, integrate social
relations.
 They mold the ideal dimensions of personality
and depth of culture.
 They have a great role to play in the conduct
of social life. They help in creating norms to
guide day-to-day behaviour.
Characteristics

8. Types of Values
According to Rokeach, values are classified as
follows:
Terminal Values : In our personal lives, Terminal
Values are those things that we can work towards
or we think are most important and we feel are
most desirable – terminal values are desirable
states of existence. Terminal Values include
things like happiness, self respect, family security,
recognition, freedom, inner harmony, comfortable
life, professional excellence, etc
Instrumental Values :Instrumental values are
views of how human desires should be
achieved. Or in other words , it indicate
the methods an individual would like to adopt

9. Rokeach Value Survey
Terminal Values Instrumental Values
A comfortable life (a prosperous
life)
Ambitious (hardworking)
An exciting life (a stimulating,
active life)
Broadminded (open-minded)
A sense of accomplishment
(lasting contribution)
Capable (competent, efficient)
A world of peace (free of war and
conflict)
Cheerful ( lighthearted, joyful)
A world of beauty (the beauty of
nature and the arts)
Clean (neat, tidy)
Equality (brotherhood, equal
opportunity for all)
Courageous (standing up for your
beliefs)

10. Terminal Values Instrumental Values
Family security (taking care of
loved ones)
Forgiving (willing to pardon)
Freedom (independence, free
choice)
Helpful (working for the welfare of
others)
Happiness ( contentedness) Honest (sincere, truthful)
Inner harmony (freedom from
inner conflict)
Imaginative (daring, creative)
Mature love (sexual and spiritual
intimacy)
Independent (self-reliant, self-
sufficient)
National security (protection from
attack)
Intellectual (intelligent, reflective)
Rokeach Value Survey

11. Terminal Values Instrumental Values
Pleasure (an enjoyable, leisurely
life)
Logical (consistent, rational)
Salvation (saved, eternal) Loving (affectionate, tender)
Self-respect(self-esteem) Obedient (dutiful, respectful)
Social recognition (respect,
admiration)
Polite (courteous, well-mannered)
A true friend (close
companionship)
Responsible (dependable, reliable)
Wisdom ( a mature understanding
of life)
Self-controlled (restrained, self-
disciplined)
Rokeach Value Survey

12. Sources of Values
 Family:
 Friends & peers:
 Community or society:
 School:
 Media:
 Organization:
 Religion:
 History:

13. Why Value Inculcation ?
 Lack of our education system : Students are
nurtured in a spirit of enormous competition and
are trained right from the beginning to aggressive
competition and facts detached from contexts.
 Learners hardly realize why they are in school,
why they are studying different subjects and how
their schooling will be helpful to them.They hardly
know how they should live their lives, commit
themselves to the welfare of the country, care for
the environment and other social and moral
issues.

14.  Value crisis : The problem of declining values is
multi dimensional arising out of combination of
major social forces such as globalization,
actualization, consumerism, commercialization of
education, threats to humanity due to climatic
changes, degradation of environment, violence
and terrorism. These lead to insecurities,
individualistic life styles, acceleration of desires,
misuse of science and technology, pessimisms,
sense of alienation and other negative
consequences.
Why Value Inculcation

15.  Despite considerable development made, our
society is full of conflicts, corruption and violence
as a result of which distortion of value system
occurs in our society.
Why Value Inculcation ?

16. Value through Curriculum and co-
curriculum

17. Strategies for Value inculcation
 Organization of various clubs like nature club,
adventure club, literature club in the school.
 Organize projects work.
 Organization of educational excursion.
 Organize student self-government, Mock
parliaments, etc.
 Encourage the students to learn more and more
international and regional languages and
provide facilities for the same.

18.  Organization of exhibitions on history of
freedom movement
 Organize cultural activities like paragraph
writing, storytelling, recitations, group
songs, action songs, solo songs, shadow
play, one act play, group dances, etc. for
developing self confidence, sense of
achievements, self-respect, team spirit and
appreciation.
 Organize national integration exhibitions
depicting the cultural, economic, historical
and social aspects.
Strategies for Value inculcation

19.  Organizing debates, declamations and paper
reading contests on the suggested topics for
discrimination between right and wrong and
the topics from the lives of great leaders,
patriot, sages etc.
 Have a notice board with “new thought of the
day”- for students to read, reflect and
introspect.
 In the morning assembly include prayer, good
thoughts, talk by teachers, students,
recitations. Patriotic songs of different
languages may be sung as song of the day.
Strategies for Value inculcation

20.  Organization of social service camps,
cleaning colonies, hospitals, schools,
distribution of food material, medicines,
clothing’s etc. during natural calamities, help
accident victims, lending help to blind, old,
children etc. for developing team spirit,
dignity of labour, helpfulness, service to
humanity, honesty and concern others.
 Organizing inter-house meets, and cultural
meets to develop quality of leadership,
initiative, and fellow feeling amongst the
participants.
Strategies for Value inculcation

21.  Organizing games-sports, scouting
guiding, NCC and Yoga programmes to
help cultivate sense of discipline,
punctuality, cooperation and spirit of
competition amongst the students.
 Participation of students in national days
and other days of national importance.
 Display quotations from great thinkers on
the themes of value education at all the
suitable corners of the school.
Strategies for Value inculcation

22.  Ensure active participation of local
community and parents to strengthen
the programme of value education in
schools.
 Ensure that the students participate
in plantation programmes organized
by local communities / NGOs /
Government Departments /
Organizations for improvement of
environment.
Strategies for Value inculcation

23.  Organization of Meditation : Sitting quietly for a few
minutes with the attention turned inwards towards a
peace-filled realm is good for health. Silent sitting
also helpful in improving self confidence, enhancing
positive emotions and experiencing calmness and
inspiration.
 Story Telling : Authenticate and persuasive tales,
rooted in real world, to be communicated in such a
way so that it is comprehensible and appealing to
students for understanding values.
 Group Singing : Lyric of the meaning song generally
remains in the consciousness for a long time. Singing
in a choir provides an immediate and tangible
manifestation of the power and the joy of co-
operation.
Role of Teacher

24.  Group Works : Improvement of fundamental
values of love, tolerance, cooperation, peaceful
co-existence, mutual respect is important.
 Reflective practice : Reflective practice is a
process by which individual think over a practice,
consciously analyze the process of decision
making and draw on theory and relate it to what
to do in practice.

28.  Teaching Accountability :The children should be
encouraged to be accountable for their own
actions and should learn to respect and treat
others kindly.
 Playing Role model : The teachers are the first
role model to the children outside their family.
When the children sees the model showing
concern for others, motivating them for their good
deeds and cooperating and helpful with their
academic issues, the children learn them by
observing and imitate with fellow peers.
Role of Teacher

29.  Teaching Basic morals and values : The
children are taught basic morals and
values in school. They should be taught by
emphasizing the idea through many
activities, stories and tales, which will
encourage them to engage in more helping
behaviours
 Appreciation : The teacher should
appreciate the children for developing pro-
social behaviour, especially for any
specific action they have done to help
other
Role of Teacher