This document summarizes plants that can be used for urinary tract infection (UTI) treatment. It discusses several categories of plants including botanical diuretics, urinary antiseptic and anti-adhesion herbs, and plants that relieve benign prostatic hyperplasia. For each category, it provides examples of plants, their active compounds, traditional uses, and results from studies. Key plants discussed include Solidago, Levisticum officinale, Urtica dioica, Arctostaphylos uva-ursi, Juniperus, Echinacea, Hydrastis canadensis, Agathosma betulina and Zea mays. The document emphasizes the need

1. Forthcoming plants
for
UTI treatment
(UTI – II)
Presented by
Dr. Sudhakar Kokate
Director PPRC, India

2. Plant categories of UTI treatment
 Botanical diuretics
 Urinary anti-septic and anti-adhesion herbs
 Botanicals with anti-nephrotoxic activity
 Plants to relieve from benign prostatic hyperplast
(BPH)
 Phyto-derivatives against Prostate cancer
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3. My Attitude
Researchers from different labs globally need to
work closely together, discuss problems frequently
and analyze the results instantly.
Herbal medicine research -
1. should be organized
2. consistent team work is absolutely vital.
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4. Data by WHO
% Use of herbal medicines
 Africa …. 80
 China …. 30 – 50
 Europe N. America …. > 50
 Germany …. 90
 India …. 40 – 70
 Global market for
herbal medicines …. > $ 60 bn / yr
….. And growing faster
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5. I.
Phyto Diuretics
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6.  Solidago virgaurea L. : European goldenrod
 Solidago canadensis : Canadian goldenrod
 S. gigantea Aiton : Early goldenrod
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7.  These contain saponins and tannins (Weiss 1985)
 Multiple compounds contribute to actions
(Okpanyi et. al. 1989)
 S. gigantea 60% ethanol extract on animal study
(Leuschher 1995)
 S. virgaurea extracts practised to prevent
formation of kidney stones and to help in
removing urinary gravel (Blumenthal et. al. 1998)
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8. Levisticum officinale
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9. Levisticum officinale
 Also called Lovage root
 Family: Apiaceae
 Good diuretic (Weiss 1985)
 Major active principle: Terpenoids, Iso-valeric acid,
Angelic acid, Coumarins
 Approved by the German Commission E for use in
lower UTI and urinary gravel. (Blumenthal et. al. 1998)
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10. Petroselinum crispus
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11. Petroselinum crispus
 Also called Parsley
 The root / fruit is used as a Diuretic
 Folk remedy since the ancient times (Yarnell 2002)
 Active principles: Terpenoids, Apicol, Flavanoids,
Apigenin
 This herb also shows carminative and calcium
channel – blocking activity in vitro (Neuhaus –
Charlisle et. al. 1993)
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12. Urtica dioica
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13. Urtica dioica
 Also called Stinging nettle
 Parts – Leaves, Seeds
 Used as – Mild diuretic, support for urinary tract
functions, internal anti-inflammatory and roots as
benign prostatic hyperplasia
 Aqueous extract have diuretics and natriuretic
effects (Tahri et. al. 2000)
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14. Ononis spinosa
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15. Ononis spinosa
 Also called Spiny restharrow
 Chemicals: Phenol, Lectin, Triterpenoid, Volatile
oils – Trans anethole, Camphor, Menthol,
Estragole, Borneol
 Family: Fabaceae
 Roots: Diuretic (Weiss 1985)
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16. Equisetum arvense
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17. Equisetum arvense
 Also called Horsetail
 Active principle: Silicic acid, Silicates
 Astringent effect on the genito-urinary system
(Steenkamp 2003)
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18. Forthcoming
Diuretic plants
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19.  Apium graveolens: (celery) fruits
 Taraxacum officinale (Dandelion) leaves
 Parietaria judaica (Pellitory-of-the-wall)
 Galium aparine (Cleavers)
 Chimaphila umbellata (Pipsissewa)
 Asarum europaeum (Asarabacca)
 Carlina vulgaris (Caroline thistle)
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20. Apium graveolens
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21. Taraxacum officinale
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22. Parietaria judaica
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23. Galium aparine
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24. Chimaphila umbellata
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25. Asarum europaeum
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26. Carlina vulgaris
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27.  Rosmarinus officinalis (Rosemary)
 Centaurium erythraea
 Spergularia purpurea
 Ananas comosus
 Carica papaya
 Cyperus rotundus
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28. Rosmarinus officinalis
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29. Centaurium erythraea
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30. Spergularia purpurea
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31. Ananas comosus
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32. Carica papaya
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33. Cyperus rotundus
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34. References
 Weiss, 1985
 Halouri et. al. 2000
 Jounad et. al. 2001
 Sripanidkulchai et. al. 2001
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35. Urinary antiseptic
&
anti-adhesion plants
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36. Arctostaphylos uva-ursi
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37. Arctostaphylos uva-ursi
 Also called Uva-ursi
 Active principle: Glycoside arbutoside – Arbutin
 Used for lower urinary tract infections by
Commission E. 1998 (Blumenthal et. al.)
 >7 pH …. Urine environment Arbutin converts
hydroquinone (caution – carcinogenic) which
kills bacteria (Yarnell 2002)
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38. Juniperus spp. fruit
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39. Juniperus spp. fruit
 Useful in digestive disorders, kidney and bladder
problems
 Volatile oil contains > 100 compounds i.e. alpha
and beta pinene, myrecene, limonene, sabinene
and alcohol, terpinene-4-ol (Clark et. al. 1990)
 Animal studies shows that extracts increase
urinary volume
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40. Juniperus spp. fruit
 Additionally terpinen-4-ol acts as diuretic
 Excessive doses of Juniper on animals show
kidney irritation (Schilcher and Leuschner 1997)
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41. Echinacea spp.
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42. Echinacea spp.
 E. purpurea – immunostimulating property in
UTI (Kligler 2003)
 Three sp. Effective – E. purpurea
E. angustifolia
E. pallida
 Purple coneflower is native to North America
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43. Hydrastis canadensis
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44. Hydrastis canadensis
 Also known as Goldenseal
 Active principle in roots: Hydrastine, Berberine
 Berberine: no side effects, compared with
antibiotics, it blocks adhesion of bacteria to
epithelial cells (Subbaiah and Amin 1967, Amin et.
al. 1969)
 Anti-microbial activities against bacteria, fungi and
protozoa
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45. Hydrastis canadensis
 Protective effect against several micro-organisms
including:
E. coli
Streptococcal bacteria
Chlamydia and Proteus sp.
Salmonella typi
Entamoeba histolytica
(Lahiri & Dutta 1967, Mahajan et. al. 1982, Sun et.
al. 1988 b)
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46. Agathosma betulina
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47. Agathosma betulina
 Also known as Buchu
 Used against UTI since the ancient times
 Native to South Africa
 Effective in treating cases of cystitis, nephritis,
catarrh of the bladder, urethritis
 Active principle: Monoterpene disophenol
‘buchu’
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48. Agathosma betulina
 In-vitro experiments show that flavonoids exhibit
anti-inflammatory effects
 Today, a tincture is used in treatment of genital
and UTI such as kidney stones, prostatitis
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49. Zea mays
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50. Zea mays
 Also known as Cornsilk
 Chemicals: saponins, tannins, alkaloid, hordenine,
sterols, stigmasterol, allantoin, polyphenols, Vitamin
K, B and C
 It soothes and relaxes the lining of ureter, bladder
and urethra
 Relieving irritation and improving urine excretion
(Steenkamp 2003)
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51. Thank You!!
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