This document provides a timeline of key political, social, and economic events in U.S. history from 1850-1910. It includes the development of important technologies like the Bessemer steel process and the telephone. Significant people are also noted such as Frederick Law Olmstead, Charles Darwin, and Booker T. Washington. Events covered include the Civil War, westward expansion, the Gold Rush, and issues around immigration, labor unions, and racial segregation.

1. U.S. HiStory timeline
Nikki Madle
KEY
Political/ Major Events Important Organizations
Social People
Other

2. 1850 1850 1850’s 1857
Bessemer Process Bimetallism Frederick Law
Soddy
Olmstead
This process was This monetary
A house made
developed system consisted of He drew up the
mostly of actual
independently by the the government plans for what would
land. It stayed cool
British manufacturer giving gold or silver become Central
in the summer, and
Henry Bessemer, to citizens in return Park.
warm in the winter.
and American iron for paper money.
The main problem,
maker William Greenbacks were
was the fact that it
Kelley. This process usually the only
constantly leaked.
increased the steel thing used after the
production rate. 1850’s, though this
system lasted nearly
60 years.

3. Charles Darwin
1859 1860 1860 1860’s 1860’s
Social Darwinism Graft Kickback Great Plains Long Drive
It grew out of an
The illegal use if of Illegal payment for Beginning in the The cowboy lifestyle
English Naturalist,
political influence for service. It was a 1860’s, life began to became well known
Charles Darwin, and
personal gain. corrupt method in flourish in this area. during this period of
his theory of
politics, used for The people had time. The long drive
biological evolution.
personal gain. distinct and highly was the overland
His observations
developed ways of transport of about
about natural
life, and trade was 250 to 300 head of
selection, made him
regulated by tribal cattle, which lasted
a very famous
law. about 3 months.
scientist.
Cowboys lived with
the constant fear of
losing their cattle.

4. Sand Creek Massacre
1862 1862 1864 1864
Homestead Act Exodusters Credit Mobilier Massacre at Sand
Creek
Offered 160 acres of African Americans A construction
land free to any who moved from the company formed by Wanting the Native
citizen or intended post reconstruction the union pacific Americans to suffer
citizen who was the south to Kansas. railroad that was more, General Curtis
head of the able to lay and sell ordered John Chiving
household. It tracks at two to three and his troops to
attracted people to times the actual attack the Sand
the west. cost. They pocketed Creek Camp. They
the profits. killed over 150
inhabitants, mostly
women and children.

5. 1865 1867 1867 1868
Andrew Carnegie Oliver Kelley Grandfather Clause Sitting Bull
Born in poverty, he This man started the It stated that even if He refused to sign
began working at a patrons of a man failed the the treaty of
railroad station. After husbandry, an literacy test, or could Laramie, which
solving a train back organization for not afford the poll would turn over he
up, his boss allowed farmers that later tax, he could still and his people’s
him to invest in became known as vote if his father or land.
stock. By 1865, he Grange. This grandfather had
made enough organization led to voted before
money to quite his many other alliances January of 1867.
job and begin between farmers
investing in other and sympathetic
things. He donated a citizens.
lot of his money to
charity.

6. 1868 1869 1869 1870
Tammany Hall Tweed Ring Transcontinental Jacob Riss
Railroad
The name of the It was a group of He left his life in
New York political corrupt politicians Began to span the Denmark so he
machine. It was who set out to nation as more and could dedicate his
extremely corrupt, defraud the city. The more tracks were life to police
and run by Boss group was led by laid down. The first reporting. In his
Tweed. Boss Tweed railroad met at reports, he exposed
promontory Utah. the horrifying
The railroad system conditions of the
made trade and poor section of New
supply transportation York.
much more efficient.

7. 1870’s (Grange)
Tenement Fredrick Law Grange Segregation
Olmestead
Multifamily urban An organization for This movement was
dwellings that were He planned farmer that’s original instated to separate
overcrowded and landscaping for purpose was to white and black
unsanitary. These Washington D.C., provide a social people in public and
buildings were filled and St. Louis. He outlet and an private facilities.
with immigrants. also drew up the educational reform
designs for ‘The for isolated farm
Emerald Necklace,’ families.
Boston’s park
system.

8. (Montgomery
Ward)
1870’s 1872 1875 1876 7/2/1877
Jim Crow Laws Mail Order Catalog Eugene V. Debbs Telephone/ The Great Strike
Alexander Bell
Segregation laws Ward’s catalog went He helped to form Workers for the
became later known from being only a the first lodge for He unveiled the Baltimore and Ohio
as Jim Crow laws. single page, to The Brotherhood of telephone, opening Railroad struck to
becoming an entire Locomotive new opportunities for protest their second
booklet, with Firemen. office work. Women wage cut in two
directions in seven began to enter the months.
different languages. workforce in greater
It was a landmark for numbers, and the
American efficiency. doorway to
nationwide
communication had
been opened.

9. 1874 1880’s 1880
1875
George A. Custer Wild Bill Hickock Thomas Edison
Eugene V. Debb
patented his long
A colonel who He became well
He formed the first lasting lamp, made
spread the word known during this
industrial union-The of bamboo filament.
about gold in the time, when he began
Railway Union. In Soon after, he
Indian's land. The to appear in the
1875, it won a strike produce an entire
Indians appealed to Wild West show,
for higher wages, system for
congress for help which reenacted
giving hope to generating and
protecting their land, unionists everywhere. fights between
distributing electrical
but they were turned Indians and
power.
away. When Custer cowboys. Before his
and his troops time there, he
reached the Little served as a spy in
Bighorn River, they the Civil War, and
were all killed by the became a Marshall
Native Americans. in Kansas.

10. 1881 1881 1882 1883
Chinese Exclusion
Assimilation Booker T. Joseph Pulitzer
Acts
Washington
A plan under which He was a Hungarian
Banned entry to all
Native Americans After he graduated Immigrant who
Chinese, except
would have to give up from Virginia's bough ‘The New
students, teachers,
their beliefs and way Hampton University, York World,’ a
merchants, tourists,
of life to become part he became the head popular news paper.
and government
of white culture. of the Tuckasegee He filled his stories
officials It was in
Normal Industrial with sex, sin, and
place for nearly
Institution, now called sensation, to
twenty years..
Tucasegee surpass his
University. competitors.

11. 1885 1886 1886 1886
John D. Settlement Houses Haymarket Affair Samuel Gompers
Rockefeller’s
Monopoly These were Three thousand This was the man
community centers people gathered to who led the Cigar
After surpassing his in slum protest police Makers International
competition, by neighborhoods, that brutality A bomb was Union, which later
making his oil prices provided assistance thrown, and police joined with other
cheaper than it cost to people in the opened fire into craft unions. He later
to make them, he area. It was enemy lines. Seven was elected
gained control of the especially helpful to police officers were president of the
entire oil business. immigrants. killed, and a several American Federation
This gave him a total workers as well. of Labor.
monopoly over oil,
and gave him
incredible wealth.

12. 1886 1887 1888 1888
Dawe’s Act George Eastman Poll Tax
Colored Farmer’s
National Alliance The act broke up He sold the first roll This annual tax had
reservations, and film camera, by to be paid before
This alliance was
while it gave some developing an qualifying to vote. It
formed by a white
land to individual alternative to the kept the poor from
Baptist missionary. It
Native Americans, heavy glass plates voting.
promoted
most of the land that were being
cooperative buying
went to American used.
and selling. Unlike
settlers. They
white organizations,
received nothing in
they had to work in
return for their land,
secret to avoid
racially motivated though they were
promised payment.
violence.

13. 1889 1890 1890 1890
Sherman Anti Trust Vaudeville Theater
Jane Adams Ghost Dance Act
Performances were
She was a very This ritual was This act made it mainly done by
influential women explained by a illegal to form a trust African American
who believed in paiute prophet, who that interfered with actors, and included
helping win child told them that if they free trade between dance, juggling,
labor laws. She also performed a ghost states or with other slapstick comedy,
helped to found the dance, their way of countries. and sometimes
first Hull House. life would be chorus line of female
restored. The dance performers. It was
frightened nearby the Broadway of the
soldiers, and ended 19th century.
in bloodshed.

14. 1890’s 1892 1892 1892 1895
Political Machine Mugawumps Ellis Island Scab W.E.B. Du Bois
These were corrupt In the presidential This was the major During the Great The 1st African
political parties that election of 1892, immigration station Strike of 1877 and American to receive
offered service to these republicans in the U.S. Only other strikes, Scabs a doctorate from
voters and refused to vote for about 2% of the were hired to deal Harvard University.
businesses who the presidential immigrants who with the strikers. A This was a landmark
offered them candidate. They applied for entrance, scab is just another for the hopes of
financial support. instead voted for were denied. An name for a strike African American
Grover Cleavland, estimated 17 million breaker. education.
winning him the people passed
election. through the facility.

15. 1895 1896 1896 1902
William Hearst Plessey Vs. Cross of Gold Debt Peonage
Ferguson Speech
He purchased the A system that bound
New York Morning In this court case, This speech was laborers into slavery
Journal. He filled the the supreme court given passionately in order to work off a
journal with ruled that at the democratic debt to the
exaggerated tales of segregation of the convention, by a employer.
personal scandals, races in public man named William
cruelty, hypnotism, facilities was legal, Jennings Bryan. The
and even imaginary and did not violate speech’s position
conquests on Mars. the fourteenth was against the gold
amendment. standard.

16. 12/1903 1907-1908 1910 1911
Oreville and Wilbur Gentlemen’s Angel Island Debt Peonage
Wright Agreement
This was the It was finally
Their first flight was at Japan agreed to limit Immigration Station declared
Kitty Hawke, North the emigration of for the west coast, unconstitutional by
Carolina, and covered unskilled workers to located in the San the Supreme Court.
one hundred feet in the U.S., in Francisco Bay, More
twelve seconds. In exchange for a than fifty thousand
two years, they repeal of the San Chinese immigrants
increased the Francisco entered the United
distance to twenty Segregation Order. States here.
four miles.

17. Credits
 Google Images
 http://www.google.com/imgres?q
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 http://www.google.com/imgres?q=cross+of+gold+speech
 http://www.google.com/imgres?q=First+flight+kitty+hawk
 http://www.google.com/imgres?q=Angel+Island+in+1800s
 http://www.google.com/imgres?
q=The+first+mail+order+catalog
 http://www.google.com/imgres?
q=massacre+at+sand+creek