Movement is fundamental to how urban places function. It relates to encouraging people to stop and spend time in public spaces, which generates life and activity. There are two types of movement - vehicular and pedestrian. Pedestrian movement is important as it allows for optional activities beyond basic travel. Space syntax theory explores how urban grid configuration and connectivity relates to pedestrian movement and densities. Well-connected places encourage more pedestrian movement and support a variety of land uses.

1. THE FUNCTIONAL DIMENSION
INTRODUCTION:
Q. What is urban design’s functional dimension?
It relates to how the place work
Or how the designers can make it a better place
Or increase their potential to develop

2.  Based on Physical Sciences  Based on Social Sciences
VISUAL AESTHETICS SOCIAL USAGE TRADITION
Functional perspective

3. 1st Part:
movement
The Functional
Dimension
5th Part
: aspectsof the
infrastructurenecessary
to support
contemporary
life.
3rd part:
environmental
design
4th part:
designing for
healthier
environments
2nd part: the
design of
“people
places”

4. MOVEMENT
(Harajuka, Tokyo)
• Movement is fundamental to
understanding how places
function
• Movement through public space
lies at the heart of the urban
experience
• Important in generating life and
activity
• The key to a successful people
place lies in encouraging people
to stop and spend time

5. Movement
Vehicular Movement
Pedestrian
Movement
 Pure Circulation  Circulation with economic, social
and cultural exchange

6. Vehicular Movement
• Spatially isolated and
fragmented origin and
destination.
• Seamless travel from origin to
destination.
• Opportunity for social
interaction and exchange
• Quality and Continuity of
urban space
• “Park once” Strategy

7. Pedestrian Movement
• Pedestrian travel is rarely single-
purpose
• Hillier (1996a, 1996b) terms ‘by-
product’ of movement– the
potential for other (optional)
activities in addition to the basic
activity of travelling from origin
to destination.
• As Gehl (2000) argues,
“… there is much more to walking
than walking”

8. For Example; (Shopping Centre)
•Behavioral considerations
•Exploiting shopper
psychologically and
manipulating shopper
movements
•Magnet stores attract
shoppers to the mall
•In the process pass the
smaller stores

9. Go-to Places & Go-through places
•Point A is the
example of Go-to
place.
•Point B is the
example of Go-
through place.

10. Space Syntax
Bill Hillier (Hillier & Hanson, 1984) Explored the
relationship between pedestrian movement and the
configuration of urban space, and thereafter the
relationship with pedestrian densities and land uses.
The proportion of movement is determined by the
structure of the urban grid rather than by the presence
of specific land uses

11. This theory measures quantitatively the relational
properties of urban space
‘Such relational properties rest onassumptions
that longer lines of sight, fewerturns,higher
connectivity and a high ability to reach points
from everyother point in space are desirable.
The evidence … has shown a positive
relationship between the occurrence of activity
and spaces that exhibit these desirable
properties.’
(Baran et al 2008:8).

12. Axial Map Of Rothenburg
Syntactical Properties of
lines
 Its connectivity – the number of
lines that are directly
connected to it.
 Its integration – it indicates how
easily one can reach a specific
line.
 High-integration streets have
higher numbers of pedestrians and
carmovements

13. • In particular, it reminds urban designers both of the
importance of connectivity and of the overarching
need to consider movementin the design of urban areas
(especially pedestrian movement).
• Key message is that well connected places are more
likely to encourage pedestrian movement and to
support a vital and viablerange of uses.
To Conclude…