The document summarizes key details about United States presidential elections from 1968 to 2012. It provides information on the candidates, parties, outcomes, and notable events for each election. The elections saw both Republicans and Democrats win the presidency and were impacted by factors like the Vietnam War, Watergate scandal, and economic conditions.
Welsh Consultants publishes- For C-SPAN's most recent Presidential Historians Survey conducted in 2017, nearly 100 historians and biographers rated 43 US presidents. The 2017 C-SPAN survey measured 10 qualities of presidential leadership: public persuasion, crisis leadership, economic management, moral authority, international relations, administrative skills, relations with Congress, vision, pursued equal justice for all, and performance within the context of his times. Historians agree: Abraham Lincoln was the best US president. Scores in each category were then averaged, and the 10 categories were given equal weighting in determining the presidents' total scores. George Washington came in at No. 2, followed by Franklin D. Roosevelt at No. 3. George H. W. Bush ranked at No. 20, beating out his son George W. Bush who came in at No. 33. Other notable commanders in chief included John F. Kennedy at No. 8, Ronald Reagan at No. 9, and Barack Obama at No. 12. Here are the top 25 presidents, according to historians surveyed by C-SPAN. Author, Founder- Manish P
Welsh Consultants publishes- For C-SPAN's most recent Presidential Historians Survey conducted in 2017, nearly 100 historians and biographers rated 43 US presidents. The 2017 C-SPAN survey measured 10 qualities of presidential leadership: public persuasion, crisis leadership, economic management, moral authority, international relations, administrative skills, relations with Congress, vision, pursued equal justice for all, and performance within the context of his times. Historians agree: Abraham Lincoln was the best US president. Scores in each category were then averaged, and the 10 categories were given equal weighting in determining the presidents' total scores. George Washington came in at No. 2, followed by Franklin D. Roosevelt at No. 3. George H. W. Bush ranked at No. 20, beating out his son George W. Bush who came in at No. 33. Other notable commanders in chief included John F. Kennedy at No. 8, Ronald Reagan at No. 9, and Barack Obama at No. 12. Here are the top 25 presidents, according to historians surveyed by C-SPAN. Author, Founder- Manish P
Royal Bobbles Presidential Bobblehead CollectionRick Schwarz
Royal Bobbles takes pride in providing the highest-quality bobbleheads on the market. Here is a look at our U.S. Presidents Bobblehead Collection. For more information, visit:
http://www.RoyalBobbles.com
Royal Bobbles Presidential Bobblehead CollectionRick Schwarz
Royal Bobbles takes pride in providing the highest-quality bobbleheads on the market. Here is a look at our U.S. Presidents Bobblehead Collection. For more information, visit:
http://www.RoyalBobbles.com
The 2016 United States elections will be held on Tuesday, November 8, 2016. During this presidential election year, the President of the United States and Vice President will be elected. In addition, elections will be held for all 435 voting-member seats in the United States House of Representatives (as well as all 6 non-voting delegate seats) and 34 of the 100 seats in the United States Senate. Twelve state governorships, two territorial governorships, and numerous other state and local elections will also be contested.
The United States presidential election of 2016 will be the 58th quadrennial U.S. presidential election. The current electoral vote distribution was determined by the 2010 census. Presidential electors who will elect the President and Vice President of the United States will be chosen; a simple majority (270) of the 538 electoral votes are required to win the election. The incumbent president, Democrat Barack Obama, is ineligible to be elected to a third term due to term limits established by the Twenty-second Amendment to the United States Constitution. There are numerous potential candidates in the Republican Party, Democratic Party, and among third parties. Assuming Barack Obama serves out his full term, the winner of this election will become the 45th President of the United States.
Rafael Edward “Ted” Cruz (born December 22, 1970) is the junior United States Senator from Texas. Elected in 2012, he is the first Cuban American or Latino to hold the office of US Senator from Texas. Cruz is a member of the Republican Party. He served as Solicitor General of Texas from 2003 to May 2008, after being appointed by Texas Attorney General Greg Abbott. Between 1999 and 2003, Cruz served as the director of the Office of Policy Planning at the Federal Trade Commission, an Associate Deputy Attorney General at the United States Department of Justice, and as Domestic Policy Advisor to U.S. President George W. Bush on the 2000 Bush-Cheney campaign. Cruz was also an Adjunct Professor of Law at the University of Texas School of Law in Austin, where he taught U.S. Supreme Court litigation, from 2004 to 2009.
He was the first Hispanic Solicitor General in Texas, the youngest Solicitor General of Texas, and the longest-serving Solicitor General in Texas’ history. Cruz is one of three Latinos in the Senate; the others — also Americans of Cuban ancestry — are fellow Republican Marco Rubio of Florida and Democrat Bob Menendez of New Jersey.
Lesson 2, Part 2 Campaigns and ElectionsDuring his 1956 presi.docxSHIVA101531
Lesson 2, Part 2: Campaigns and Elections
During his 1956 presidential campaign, a woman called out to Adlai E. Stevenson: “Senator, you have the vote of every thinking person!” Stevenson replied: “That's not enough, madam, we need a majority!”
Expected Outcomes
To understand how political candidates conduct campaigns; to comprehend how the American electoral system works and how the electoral map reveals political turning points; and to analyze the style and substance of leading candidates in the 2008 election.
Overview
Today, American politics has come a long way since the days of whistle-stop tours and street pamphlets, which, before the age of television, encapsulated political messages.
Some Presidential Campaign Slogans from the Past
1860 Abraham Lincoln "Vote Yourself a Farm"
1864 Abraham Lincoln "Don't Swap Horses in the Middle of the Stream"
1888 Benjamin Harrison "Rejuvenated Republicanism"
1896 William McKinley "Patriotism, Protection, and Prosperity"
1900 William McKinley "A Full Dinner Bucket"
More sophistication has now entered the process of campaign and elections. Politicians hone their messages with “focus groups” and, often, modify their positions based on opinion polls.
As this Lesson travels across time, it reveals that the technology and sophistication of campaigns has changed dramatically. That being said, it is not possible to say that campaigns are more substantive today than in previous decades or centuries.
In the age of the whistle-stop tour, not many Americans were exposed to political messages – but those who were often got an earful. Consider, for example, the famous Lincoln-Douglas debates of 1858 (held for a US Senate seat from Illinois), were complex, nuanced, and substantive. Today, television enables candidates to reach out to tens of millions of people, but they often do so with a simplistic mix of soundbites, catchphrases and bumper-sticker slogans.
Elections for Congress are held at the state level, and rules vary from state to state. This unit is primarily concerned with campaigns and elections for national office – for the Presidency.
The United States Electoral College is the official name of the group of Presidential Electors who are chosen every four years to cast the electoral vote and thereby elect the president and vice president of the United States. It was established by Article Two, Section One of the United States Constitution, which provides for a quadrennial election of Presidential Electors in each state.
In each election, there are 538 possible electoral votes to be won (270 are needed to win), with large states such as California worth more than small states such as Rhode Island. There is a rough but not exact correlation between population size and electoral votes.
The Electoral College dilutes the votes of population centers that might have different concerns from the rest of the country. The system is supposed to require presidential candidates to appeal to many different ty ...
The history, economy, and culture of JENA, a university city in east-central Germany and one of the most important cities in the federal state of Thuringia.
The major events of the RUSSIAN REVOLUTION, a series of two revolutions in RUSSIA in 1917. The first revolution in March (O.S. February) deposed TSAR NICHOLAS II. The second revolution in November (O.S. October) toppled the Provisional Government and handed power to the Bolsheviks, giving way to the rise of the SOVIET UNION (U.S.S.R.), the world's first communist state.
The history of trade unions, from the dawn of the labor movement in Great Britain, mainland Europe, and the United States in the 19th century to the successes and challenges in the 20th and 21st centuries.
A presentation about socialism, a political and economic theory of social organization that advocates that the means of production, distribution, and exchange should be owned or regulated by the community as a whole.
The history, architecture, culture, infrastructure, and demographics of Debrecen (Romanian: Debrețin; German: Debrezin; Serbian: Дебрецин, Debrecin; Czech and Slovak: Debrecín), the second-largest city in Hungary.
A brief history of the formerly Hungarian city Cluj-Napoca (German: Klausenburg; Hungarian: Kolozsvár; Medieval Latin: Castrum Clus, Claudiopolis; Yiddish: קלויזנבורג, Kloiznburg), a Romanian city since 1920. Historic sites are also included in this presentation.
01062024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
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हम आग्रह करते हैं कि जो भी सत्ता में आए, वह संविधान का पालन करे, उसकी रक्षा करे और उसे बनाए रखे।" प्रस्ताव में कुल तीन प्रमुख हस्तक्षेप और उनके तंत्र भी प्रस्तुत किए गए। पहला हस्तक्षेप स्वतंत्र मीडिया को प्रोत्साहित करके, वास्तविकता पर आधारित काउंटर नैरेटिव का निर्माण करके और सत्तारूढ़ सरकार द्वारा नियोजित मनोवैज्ञानिक हेरफेर की रणनीति का मुकाबला करके लोगों द्वारा निर्धारित कथा को बनाए रखना और उस पर कार्यकरना था।
In a May 9, 2024 paper, Juri Opitz from the University of Zurich, along with Shira Wein and Nathan Schneider form Georgetown University, discussed the importance of linguistic expertise in natural language processing (NLP) in an era dominated by large language models (LLMs).
The authors explained that while machine translation (MT) previously relied heavily on linguists, the landscape has shifted. “Linguistics is no longer front and center in the way we build NLP systems,” they said. With the emergence of LLMs, which can generate fluent text without the need for specialized modules to handle grammar or semantic coherence, the need for linguistic expertise in NLP is being questioned.
role of women and girls in various terror groupssadiakorobi2
Women have three distinct types of involvement: direct involvement in terrorist acts; enabling of others to commit such acts; and facilitating the disengagement of others from violent or extremist groups.
31052024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
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03062024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
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‘वोटर्स विल मस्ट प्रीवेल’ (मतदाताओं को जीतना होगा) अभियान द्वारा जारी हेल्पलाइन नंबर, 4 जून को सुबह 7 बजे से दोपहर 12 बजे तक मतगणना प्रक्रिया में कहीं भी किसी भी तरह के उल्लंघन की रिपोर्ट करने के लिए खुला रहेगा।
2. United States presidential election, 1968
Held November 5, 1968; came four years
after Democrat and incumbent Lyndon B.
Johnson won by historic landslide
Johnson, who had become very
unpopular for increasing number of
troops sent to Vietnam, declined to seek
or accept a second full term; VP Hubert
H. Humphrey was selected as
Democratic candidate after prior
candidate Robert F. Kennedy was
assassinated
Was a breaking election against the
background, which included the
assassination and death of Martin Luther
King, Jr. in April resulting in riots across
the country, the assassination of Robert
F. Kennedy, widespread protests in
opposition to Vietnam War, and violent
fights between police and anti-war
demonstrators at 1968 Democratic
National Convention as Democratic Party
broke continually
President before election was Democrat
Lyndon B. Johnson of Texas; elected
President was Republican Richard Nixon
of California
3. United States presidential election, 1972
Held November 7, 1972
Democratic Party’s nomination was won by
Senator George McGovern of South Dakota,
who ran on anti-war campaign as opponent
of incumbent Republican Richard Nixon, but
he received only limited support from his
party, along with medical scandal and firing
of VP nominee Thomas Eagleton, who was
replaced by Sargent Shriver
With a strong economy and successes in
foreign affairs (particularly ending U.S.
involvement in Vietnam, establishing
diplomatic relations with China, and most
prominently détente with Soviet leader
Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev), Nixon won over
McGovern in landslide, only slightly lower
than predecessor Lyndon B. Johnson eight
years earlier
Subsequent Watergate Scandal was
inspiration for bumper stickers saying “Don’t
blame me – I’m from Massachusetts”
(reference to McGovern’s only victory in that
state)
Earliest U.S. presidential election where one
of the two major candidates is still alive
4. United States presidential election, 1976
Held November 2, 1976; was
preceded by 1974 resignation of
President Richard Nixon in the crisis
following the wake of the Watergate
Scandal
Candidates were incumbent President
and Republican candidate Gerald
Ford; his Democratic opponent was
relatively not well known ex-Governor
of Georgia Jimmy Carter
Ford dealt with struggling economy
and paid a heavy price for pardoning
predecessor Nixon; Carter ran as
Washington outsider and reformer ,
defeating Ford in narrow victory, and
became first president to be elected
from Deep South since Zachary Taylor
in 1848, and first Deep South
president since Andrew Johnson
(1865-1869)
No Democratic candidate since 1976
has been able to match or exceed
Carter’s electoral performance in the
South
5. United States presidential election, 1980
Held November 4, 1980; was contest
between incumbent President and
Democrat Jimmy Carter and Republican
opponent Ronald Reagan as well as
Republican Congressman John B.
Anderson (who ran as Independent
candidate)
Reagan, helped by Iran hostage crisis
and deteriorating economy at home, won
election in landslide, gaining largest
number of electoral votes ever won by
non-incumbent presidential candidate
After receiving Democratic nomination
over Ted Kennedy, Carter labeled
Reagan a “dangerous right-wing radical”;
Reagan, for his own part, constantly
mocked Carter, winning decisive victory
In simultaneous Congressional elections,
Republicans gained control of U.S.
Senate for the first time since 1952
This election marked the birth of what is
commonly refereed to as the “Reagan
Revolution”
6. United States presidential election, 1984
Held November 6, 1984; was contest
between incumbent President and
Republican candidate Ronald Reagan; his
Democratic opponent was former VP Walter
Mondale
As a result of strong economic recovery from
deep recession of 1981-1982, Reagan won
in 49 of 50 states; became only second
presidential (and Republican) candidate to
do so since Richard Nixon’s victory twelve
years prior
Mondale only carried home state Minnesota
and District of Columbia; he won Minnesota
with 3,761 votes, making Reagan short 3,800
votes of winning all fifty states
Reagan’s electoral votes of 525 (out of 538)
is largest ever gained by presidential
candidate; Mondale’s 13 electoral votes is
also second fewest ever gained by second
place candidate, only second to Alf Landon’s
eight 48 years prior
In national popular vote, Reagan gathered
58.8% to Mondale’s 40.6%; no candidate
since has been able to equal, if exceed,
Reagan’s 1984 electoral result
7. United States presidential election, 1988
Held November 8, 1988; first
election since 1952 where
incumbent (Ronald Reagan) stood
down as president in honor of
serving maximum of two terms by
22nd Amendment
Reagan’s VP George H. W. Bush
received Republican nomination,
while Democrats nominated
Governor of Massachusetts Michael
Dukakis
Bush campaigned on “good
economy” with his campaign slogan
“Read my lips: no new taxes,”
stable international stage, and on
Reagan’s popularity; Dukakis’
campaign suffered from several
failures
Result was third consecutive
landslide for Republicans
8. United States presidential election, 1992
Held November 3, 1992; was contest of
three major candidates: Incumbent
Republican President George H. W.
Bush, Arkansas Governor and Democrat
Bill Clinton, and businessman and
Independent candidate from Texas Ross
Perot
Bush received hostile response from a
large part of his conservative base by not
following 1988 campaign against raising
taxes; the economy was still in a
recession from the Reagan years and
Bush’s strength in foreign policy was
seen as far less important after collapse
of Soviet Union and peaceful climate in
Middle East following Iraq’s defeat in
Persian Gulf War of 1990-1991
Clinton gained plurality in popular vote
along with wide Electoral College margin
This election was important realigning
election with three consecutive
Republican landslides; Democrats
received backing in Northeast, Great
Lakes region and California, but won only
four states in Clinton’s native South,
which included his home state Arkansas
9. United States presidential election, 1996
Held November 5, 1996; was contest
between Democratic national ticket of
incumbent President Bill Clinton of
Arkansas and Vice President Al Gore of
Tennessee and Republican national
ticket of former Kansas Senator Bob Dole
and former Housing Secretary Jack
Kemp of New York
Businessman Ross Perot ran as Reform
Party candidate with economist Pat
Choate as his running mate; received
less media attention than Clinton and
Dole and was ostracized from
presidential debates , and while still
getting worthy results as third-party
candidate, did not reclaim his success of
1992 election
Clinton benefited from recovered
economy which pulled out of early 1990s
recession, and relatively fixed world
stage
President before election was Democrat
Bill Clinton of Arkansas; elected
President was Democrat Bill Clinton of
Arkansas, who was re-elected with
substantial margin in both popular vote
and electoral college
10. United States presidential election, 2000
Held November 7, 2000; was contest
between Republican candidate , then-
governor of Texas and son of ex-
president George H. W. Bush (1989-
1993) George W. Bush and Democratic
candidate and then-VP Al Gore
Incumbent President Bill Clinton, having
served maximum two terms allowed by
22nd Amendment, was vacating the office
Bush narrowly won November 7 election
and received 271 electoral votes to
Gore’s 266 (one elector refrained in the
official tally)
Well known for controversy over
awarding of 25 electoral votes in Florida,
the follow-up recount process in that
state, and unusual event of winning
candidate having won less votes than
opponent; fourth election where electoral
vote winner did not also win plurality of
popular vote
President before election was Democrat
Bill Clinton of Arkansas; elected president
was Republican George W. Bush of
Texas
11. United States presidential election, 2004
Held November 2, 2004; incumbent
President and Republican candidate
George W. Bush defeated Democratic
candidate and then-junior U.S. Senator
from Massachusetts John Kerry
Foreign policy, in particular Bush’s
handling of War on Terror and 2003
invasion of Iraq, was dominant theme
during election campaign
As in 2000 presidential election, voting
controversies and concerns of defects
arose both during and after vote
Winner was not decided until following
day, when Kerry chose not to dispute
Bush’s victory in Ohio, which had enough
electoral votes to determine victor
Only three of fifty states switched
allegiance- New Mexico and Iowa voted
Democratic in 2000, but Republican in
2004; New Hampshire, in contrast, voted
Republican in 2000, but Democratic in
2004
In Electoral College, Bush got 286 votes;
Kerry got 251
12. United States presidential election, 2008
Held November 4, 2008; then-junior U.S.
Senator from Illinois and Democrat Barack
Obama defeated senior U.S. Senator from
Arizona and Republican John McCain
Obama won 365 electoral votes, far
exceeding McCain’s 173; popular vote for the
two candidates was 69,456,897 to
59,934,814, respectively
During presidential election campaign, both
candidates ran on platform of change and
reform in Washington; in the last few months
of election campaign, Domestic policy and
the economy rose as primary themes after
the start of the late 2000s economic
recession
Together with Democratic and Republican
parties, the three minor parties (Constitution
Party, Green Party, and Libertarian Party)
nominated candidates with access to ballots
in enough states to theoretically gain
minimum of 270 electoral votes needed to
win election
First election where a candidate of African
American descent was elected President and
also first where a person of African American
descent won nomination of one of two major
parties
13. United States presidential election, 2012
Is scheduled to be held November 6, 2012; incumbent
President and Democrat Barack Obama is seeking second and
final term
As of January 19, 2012, four Republican candidates are
seeking their party’s nomination: Newt Gingrich (former speaker
of U.S. House of Representatives from Georgia), Ron Paul
(U.S. Representative from Texas), Mitt Romney (former
Governor of Massachusetts), and Rick Santorum (former
Senator from Pennsylvania)
As written in Constitution, 2012 presidential election will occur
at the same time as U.S. Senate elections in which one-third of
Senators will be up for re-election (33 in this election); U.S.
House of Representatives elections (which takes place every
two years) will elect members for 113th Congress
Eleven gubernational elections and several elections for state
legislatures will also occur at same time