Unit_1_Ppt_1.pptx

DISCOVER . LEARN . EMPOWER
Part 1
Tourism Product
UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF TOURISM
AND HOSPITALITY MANAGEMENT
DEPARTMENT- UITHM
B.Sc AAM / TTM
Subject Name – Tourism Resources of India
Code- AAT / TTT 114

Tourism Resources Of
India
2
CO
Number
Title Level
CO1 The Concept of Heritage and Heritage & Pilgrimage
Tourism products of India like Art and Architecture,
famous historical monuments and various pilgrimage
sites of India .
Understand
& Remember
CO2 Cultural tourism products of India i.e. Fairs and Festivals,
Classical Dance and Music, Handicrafts and Handlooms,
National Park and Sanctuary, World Heritage Sites in
India, Museums and Art Galleries, Indian Cuisines.
Understand
CO3 The emerging forms of Tourism i.e. Adventure tourism,
Rural Tourism, Medical Tourism, Yoga and wellness
Tourism, Eco Tourism, Event and Sports Tourism.
Understand
Course Outcome

Syllabus for unit 1
Unit – I:
Tourism Products- Concept, Definitions,
Classification, Characteristics of tourism
Products., difference between tourism
product and other consumer product.
Heritage & Pilgrimage Tourism -
Classification, Art and Architecture, Historical
Monuments, Religious and Spiritual Centers
(Hindu, Buddhist, Jain, Muslim, Christian and
Sikh).
In unit 1- Student will learn about the Tourism
Products, Heritage and Pilgrimage Tourism of
India.
3

Resources
Generally, resources are defined as any item or bundle of items which are
consumed by humans to satisfy their requirement.
• The resources used in tourism industry are called tourism resources.
•Tourism resources form the most essential element of the tourism product.
•Tourism resource should reflect the destination's uniqueness.

Tourism marine or
hydrological
resources
Tourism
climatological
Bio-geographical
resources
Tourism
cultural
Resources
Physical
resources
Classification of Tourism resources
Hills mountain
rocks ,valley
Caves , desert
plains volcanoes
Lake , rivers ,
glaciers,
lagoon,
back water
beaches,
island , etc
Climate ,
Season &
weather
BioDiversity
Ecology
Archaeological,
Historical and
Cultural
Sites,Performing &
visual Art , etc.

Tourism Product
• Tourism product is something that can be offered to tourists to visit
a tourist destination.
• The products which satisfy the leisure, pleasure, religious or
business needs at places other than the normal place of residence
are known as tourism products.
• The tourism product focuses on facilities and services designed to
meet the needs of the tourist.
• It can be seen as a composite product, as the sum total of a
country’s tourist attractions, transport, accommodation and
entertainment which result in tourist satisfaction.

Classification of Tourism Product
Source https://www.google.co.in/search?q=classification+of+tourism+product

A ) Natural Tourism Products –These include natural resources such as
• Countryside
• Climate
• Natural beauty-landforms, hills, rocks, gorges, terrain
• Water-beaches, lakes, ponds, rivers, waterfalls, springs
• Flora and fauna
• Wildlife
• Islands
• Scenic attractions

Natural Tourism Products of India
• Beach Tourism - Beaches of Goa- Calangute,Baga, Anjuna, Vagator,
Colva ,Kerala- Kovalam, Bekal water-skiing,Maharashtra- Juhu,
Ganpatipule , Beaches of Orissa- Gopalpur-on-sea, Puri beach
• Mountain Tourism -Shimla, Kullu, Manali, Jammu , Mahabaleshwar,
Matheran, Lonavala, Khandala , Darjeeling, etc.
• Island Tourism -Andaman & Nicobar Islands Enjoying beautiful
beaches,Lakshadweep Islands
• Desert Tourism - Desert Triangle of India- Jodhpur- Camel riding,
camping sightJaisalmer- Bikaner

B ) Man-made Tourism Products - Man-made tourism products are
created by man for pleasure, leisure or business.
• Culture
• Sites and areas of archaeological interest
• Historical buildings and monuments
• Places of historical significance
• Museums and art galleries
• Political and educational institutions
• Religious institutions

• Traditions
• Pilgrimages
• Fairs and festivals
• Arts and handicrafts
• Dance
• Music
• Folklore
• Native life and customs

• Entertainment
• Amusement and recreation parks
• Sporting events
• Zoos and oceanariums
• Cinemas and theatre
• Night life
• Cuisine
• Business
• Conventions
• Conferences

C ) Symbiotic Tourism Products
• These tourism products are an excellent blend of natural and
manmade resources.
• Nature has provided the natural resource and man has converted
them into a tourism product by managing them.
• National Parks, Wildlife Sanctuaries, Marine Parks are good
examples of Symbiotic Tourism Products.
• Ex - Jim Corbett National Park, Uttarakhand; Kaziranga National and
The Gulf of Mannar Marine National Park.

D ) Event based Tourism Products
• Where event is an attraction, it is event based tourism product.
Event is a thing that happens or takes place, especially one of
importance.
• It is a planned public or social occasion.
• Events attracts tourists as spectators or as participants in the
events, sometimes it can be both.
• Ex -Holi, Barsana Dusshera, Indian Premier League , Desert Festival,
Jaisalmer , Khajuraho Dance Festival, International Trade Fair, New
Delhi.

E ) Site based Tourism Products
• When an attraction is place or site then it is a site based tourism
product.
Examples of site based tourism products Taj Mahal, Sunset at
Kanyakumari, Sunrise in Himalayas, snow capped peaks etc.

Characteristics of Tourism Product
Intangibility
Inseparability
Perishability
• cannot be seen ,tasted ,
felt or smelled before
purchasing
• production and
consumption ,and from
the provider
• cannot be stored ,for
resale or later use

Cont……
Heterogeneity /Variability
Ownership
•service quality
depends on who
provides and under
what condition
•Non transferable
even after paying

• Intangibility
• It cannot be seen ,tasted , felt or smelled before they are bought unlike
physical product .The intangibility creates of a feeling of uncertainty
about the outcome of service
• Services are first sold ,later on produced and than consumed .
• Sampling of services is not possible.
• Tangible evidences reduce uncertainty
• High risk associated with services.
• Lack of tangibility after the experience
• Tourism Service providers should create memorable guest experiences
•

• Unlike a tangible product, say, a motor car or refrigerator, no transfer of
ownership of goods is involved in tourism. The product here cannot be
seen or inspected before its purchase.
• Instead, certain facilities, installations, items of equipment are made
available for a specified time and for a specified use. For example, a seat
in an aero plane is provided only for a specified time.

Highly Perishable
• A travel agent or tour operator who sells a tourism product cannot
store it.
• Production can only take place if the customer is actually present. And
once consumption begins, it cannot be stopped, interrupted or
modified.
• If the product remains unused, the chances are lost i.e. if tourists do
not visit a particular place, the opportunity at that time is lost. It is due
to this reason that heavy discount is offered by hotels and transport
generating organisations

Heterogeneous
Tourism is not a homogeneous product since it tends to vary in standard
and quality over time, unlike a T.V set or any other manufactured
product. A package tour or even a flight on an aircraft can’t be
consistent at all times. The reason is that this product is a service and
services are people based.
• Absence of ownership
You neither own the automobile nor the driver of the vehicle. Similarly,
hotel rooms, airline tickets, etc. can be used but not owned. These
services can be bought for consumption but ownership remains with
the provider of the service. So, a dance can be enjoyed by viewing it,
but the dancer cannot be owned.

Art & Architecture
• Indian art consists of a variety of art forms, including plastic arts (e.g.,
pottery sculpture), visual arts (e.g., paintings), and textile arts (e.g.,
woven silk). ... Indianfuneral and philosophic traditions
• Indian architecture, which has evolved through centuries, is the result
of socio-economic and geographical conditions.
• One of the most enduring achievements of Indian civilization is
undoubtedly its architecture.
• Indian architecture, which has evolved through centuries, is the result of
socio-economic and geographical conditions.

• Different types of Indian architectural styles include a mass of
expressions over space and time, transformed by the forces of history
considered unique to India.
• Indian architecture, belonging to different periods of history, bears the
stamp of nespective periods.
• The buildings of Mohenjo Daro and Harappa are the oldest examples of
subcontinental architecture. Other examples are Kalibangan at
Rajasthan, Lothal in Gujrat and Ropar in Punjab.
• Among the most renowned monuments are many cave temples hewn
from rock (of which those at Ajanta and Ellora are most noteworthy)
the Sun Temple at Konark (Konarka); the vast temple complexes at
Bhubaneshwar, Khajuraho and Kanchipuram (Conjeeveram)such
Mughal masterpieces as Humayun’s tomb and the Taj Mahal.

Temple Architecture
• Religious
• Astronomy
• Sacred geometry
• Representation of macrocosm and microcosm
• Has an inner sanctum: garba girha
• Sanctum crowned by a shikara
• Distinguishes the Nagra and Dravida styles

North Indian Styles
• Nagara style
• From Himalayas to the Deccan
• Shikhara – beehive shaped
• Capotas and gavakas
• amalaka
• Shrine is square at center
• Bell-shaped structure on main shrine
Source-https://www.culturalindia.net/indian-architecture/

South Indian Style
• Dravida Style
• Shikhara – pyramid shaped
• Have different: ground plan; position of stone deities;
decorative elements
• Walls around whole building
• Different types: Pallava, Chola, Pandya, Vijayanagar, Nayak

Pallava – Shore Temple
Chola -
Brihdiswara
Temple
Pandya - Chidambaram
Nayak –
Rameswaram
Temple

Buddhist Architecture
• The earliest monumental heritage was Buddhist stupas.
• These monuments are known as stupas, built in the memory of Lord
Buddha ,taller and more magnificent with different style and character
related to its religion.
• A sailing with one or more gates enclosed the structure and the
preaching hall ‘chaitya’.
• The most famous ‘stupas’ are at Sanchi and at Bodh Gaya where
Buddha achieved the enlightenment. In the South the ‘stupa’ at
Amravati and Nagarjunkonda are more decorated. The ‘stupa’ of
Surnath is of 7th century.
•

Islamic Architecture
Islamic architecture encompasses a wide range of both secular and religious
styles from the foundation of Islam to the present day.
Indo-Islamic Architecture
• The Muslims brought in the culture which has left a tremendous influence on
India’s art and architecture.
• Tombs are built in the memory of the Sultan and their families.
• - the Muslim monuments are huge and show the splendid grandeur and
luxury of their patron.
• They are mostly built in red stone which imparts solidity to the construction.
• Muslim architecture introduced for the first time in India the arches Use of
gardens around the buildings added beauty.
.

• Jharokhas are again one of the main features of Muslim architecture.
• Jharokhas are the delicate stone nets decorated with flora or
geometrical designs.
• The use of precious stones demonstrated their luxury inscriptions of
calligraphy from Holy Quran added delicacy and decoration to the
Islamic Architecture The most famous of them is the Taj Mahal built by
Shahjahan in the memory of Mumtaj Mahal

British Architecture
• During the British period, massive gothic architecture of the west
was introduced to India.
• Historically three states of India ,Madras (Chennai), Bombay
(Mumbai) and Calcutta (Kolkata) are best example of British
Architecture.
Gateway of India

Sikh Architecture –
• Religious buildings of the Sikhs present an identifiable picture of a
style which can doubtlessly be called Sikh Architecture.
• Sikh architecture represents the last flicker of religious architecture in
India.
• When classified according to their plan form, buildings of the Sikh
shrines are of four basic forms : the square, the rectangular, the
octagonal and the cruciform.
• Sikh architecture reflects a lively blend of Mughal and Rajput styles.
• The Golden Temple at Amritsar is its most celebrated example as this
is the only monument in which all the characteristics of the style are
fully represented.

Jain Architecture
• The main feature of Jain buildings is the horizontal archway.
• The bracket form of capital was also introduced in Jaina buildings for
the first time in Indian architecture.
• There are two type of Jain temples:
 Shikar-bandhi Jain temple(one with the dome) and
 Ghar Jain temple (Jain house temple without dome
• The great Jain temples and sculptured monuments of Karnataka,
Maharashtra and Rajasthan are world-renowned.

• The most spectacular of all Jain temples are found at Ranakpur and
Mount Abu in Rajasthan. Deogarh (Lalitpur, U.P.), Ellora, Badami and
Aihole also have some of the important specimens of Jain Art.
Jain Architecture of Jodhpur, Rajasthan

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