Discription on Ready Mix Concrete, Vacuum Concrete,Shortcrete,Ferrocement,Light Weight Concrete,Air Entrained Concrete, Fiber Reinforced Concrete,Polymer Concrete.
Unit 5, according to Rajiv Gandhi Technological University syllabus.
Special Concrete - High End Out put Value for MaterialsARIVU SUDAR
High value generally associated with High-Performance
What is High-Performance?
High-Early Strength Concrete
High-Strength Concrete
High-Durability Concrete
Self-Consolidating Concrete
Reactive Powder Concrete
Discription on Ready Mix Concrete, Vacuum Concrete,Shortcrete,Ferrocement,Light Weight Concrete,Air Entrained Concrete, Fiber Reinforced Concrete,Polymer Concrete.
Unit 5, according to Rajiv Gandhi Technological University syllabus.
Special Concrete - High End Out put Value for MaterialsARIVU SUDAR
High value generally associated with High-Performance
What is High-Performance?
High-Early Strength Concrete
High-Strength Concrete
High-Durability Concrete
Self-Consolidating Concrete
Reactive Powder Concrete
Alat ini menggunakan 3 sensor, yaitu sensor LDR, LM35 dan PIR sensor. Cara kerja dari alat ini yaitu ketika sensor LDR merasakan kondisi gelap maka lampu akan nyala dan akan mati ketika sensor merasakan ada cahaya.
Ketika sensor LM35 merasakan panas yaitu temperatur yang di setting 28 derajat celcius, jika lebih dari 28 derajat maka fan akan menyala dan temperatur ditampilkan si LCD, jika temperatur kurang dari 28 derajat maka fan akan mati.
Ketika PIR sensor merasakan adanya gerakan maka motor akan berputar dan pintu akan membuka dan menutup kembali secara otomatis.
The 2016 edition of the OECD Pensions Outlook was launched in Paris on 5 December 2016 in the presence of Angel Gurría, OECD Secretary-General, Phyllis Borzi, Assistant Secretary of Employment to the US Department of Labor and Ambrogio Rinaldi, Director at COVIP.
Find out more here: http://www.oecd.org/daf/oecd-pensions-outlook-23137649.htm
Gaby Aandeweg, Imagelabel, tekende voor het concept van de Groen Tuin van restaurant Fortuyn. Leverancier Sempergreen en interieurbeplanter Ambius tekenden voor de uitvoering.
Indian construction industry is growing at a rate of 9.2% as against the world average of 5.5%.
Construction by nature is not an eco-friendly activity. Construction, renovation and demolition activities lead to the formation of waste.
Growth in construction activities generates construction waste which is fast becoming a serious environmental problem with deadly
consequences. Most of the construction and demolition, waste in our country are not recycled but end up in landfills occupying valuable
land.
The promotion of environmental management and the mission of sustainable development have exerted the pressure demanding for
the adoption of proper methods to protect the environment across all industries including construction.
Construction waste recycling reduces the demand up on new resources. Cuts down the cost and effort of transport and production. Use
waste which would otherwise be lost to land fill sites.
using granite waste a concrete block paver with different shapes and different thickness can be made. Replacing granite waste with coarse aggregate, in the ratio of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% ,50%. results showed that replacing up to 20% can be used for medium to heavy traffic and replacing up to 40% can be used for low to medium traffic.
Experimental Study of Partial Replacement of Cement in Concrete with Marble D...YogeshIJTSRD
The advancement of concrete technology is abridging the usance of natural and energy asset, and lessen the pollution of environment by the industrial waste. Marble is a metamorphic rock, resulting from the transformation of pure lime stone. Marble dust is generated in stone processing plants which pollute the environment and affect the humans directly or indirectly. Marble is industrially processed by being cut, polished and used for decorative purpose and thus, economically variable. During cutting process, 20 30 of a marble block becomes waste marble powder. Krishnendra Kumar Shukla | Hirendra Pratap Singh "Experimental Study of Partial Replacement of Cement in Concrete with Marble Dust and Recron Fibre as Admixture" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-3 , April 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38703.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/38703/experimental-study-of-partial-replacement-of-cement-in-concrete-with-marble-dust-and-recron-fibre-as-admixture/krishnendra-kumar-shukla
Use of Over-Burnt Bricks as Coarse aggregate in ConcreteEditorIJAERD
In modern construction industry number of materials are used and one of the materials is Brick. Regular
bricks are generally used in buildings or in some other engineering applications. In manufacturing of these bricks, a lot
of waste is produced in the form of over- burnt-bricks. The bricks being near to the fire in the furnace receives a
temperature more heat and eventually shrink and loose its shape, its color becomes reddish. These bricks can’t be used
in construction, directly because of their distorted shape dark color. hose over-burnt brick could be a source of recycled
coarse aggregate. The primary goal of this paper is to assess the suitability of incorporating over-burnt bricks in
concrete, by the partial replacement of natural coarse aggregate (NCA) with overburnt brick aggregate (OBBA) in a
ratio of 20%, 50%, and 100%. Initially, mix proportion of 1:2:4 and w/c of 0.57 was selected. By replacing NCA with
OBBA while using mix proportion of 1:2:4 and w/c of 0.57, the resulting concrete was found non-mixable and nonworkable. Thus, mix was designed (for targeted strength of 4ksi) for all replacement percentages. Slump test was
conducted for each replacement and the results show that by increasing replacement percentage the workability of
concrete decreases. the slump values are in between the range of 3–1.5 inches. For compressive strength the cylindrical
specimens of 6" x 12" were tested at 3, 7, and 28 days. For 20% replacement, the loss in compressive strength is 42.16%
for 3 days and for 7 and 28 days the loss is 46.96% and 61.37% respectively. For 50 % replacement, the loss in strength
for 3, 7 and 28 days is 29.73%, 30.87% and 58.29% respectively. For 100% replacement, the loss in strength for 3, 7 and
28 days is 48.65%, 55.65% and 69.19%.
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) inventionjournals
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online
Concrete is a major waste in construction Industry. It needs to be recycled to make a waste free environment. So how concrete is recycled, which type of concrete can be recycled, where it can be used is mentioned in this ppt.
In the last decade, the volume of construction waste has risen significantly and social and environmental issues around waste recycling have also been increased. Many analysts contend that recycled concrete aggregates RCAs are mainly useful for non structural concrete purposes. However, this study reveals that the recycled aggregates obtained from concrete collections have good quality concrete. Baton waste from the collapsing structure has been treated and a vast variety of various concentrations are used for the preparation of fresh concrete. Recycled and renewable buildings Waste has long been known to recover manufacturing renewable energy and energy. Among some, gross output is missing. The usage of recycled aggregates decreases the quality of recycled aggregate concrete, which limits its use. Various surface treatment methods were tested to improve the quality of the recycled gross aggregate, such as the purification of the recycled aggregates by water and diluted acid. The pressure characteristics of the refined and untreated field aggregate is contrasted. The results revealed that the tensile strength of the recycled aggregate was compressive, bent and crack less than the natural aggregate. Rajat Saini | Ajay Singh | Swati Dhiman "Study on Recycled Aggregate Concrete" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-4 , June 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.compapers/ijtsrd42499.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.comengineering/civil-engineering/42499/study-on-recycled-aggregate-concrete/rajat-saini
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Science is published by the group of young academic and industrial researchers with 12 Issues per year. It is an online as well as print version open access journal that provides rapid publication (monthly) of articles in all areas of the subject such as: civil, mechanical, chemical, electronic and computer engineering as well as production and information technology. The Journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of significance and scientific excellence. Papers will be published by rapid process within 20 days after acceptance and peer review process takes only 7 days. All articles published in Research Inventy will be peer-reviewed.
Natural resources are vanishing universal while at the similar time the generated wastes from the industry are
growing substantially. The sustainable development for construction requires the use of nonconventional and
innovative materials, and recycling of demolished and waste materials so to compensate the lack of natural
resources and to find alternative ways of conserving the environment. So, this paper presents the consequences
of an experimental study carried out to evaluate the power-driven properties of concrete mixtures in which fine
aggregate (sand) was swapped with Copper Slag (CS) while coarse aggregates were swapped by used and
recycled concrete coarse aggregate (RCA) from demolished structure or building. Both the coarse and fine
aggregate were replaced with percentages 0% (for the control mixture), 10%, 20%, 30%, of Copper Slag by
weight ratio. Tests were performed for properties of new concrete and toughened Concrete simultaneously.
Slump test was conducted to regulate the workability of the several design concrete mix. Compressive strength
and split tensile strength were determined at 7, 28 days of curing completely.
The results show that workability shrinkages slightly with rise in Copper Slag ratio, however workability for
the illustrations were within the prearranged boundary for M25 concrete. Test results shown substantial
enhancement in the strength assets of simple concrete by the insertion of CS alone whereas a reverse tendency
in observed for growing proportion of RCA in the illustration. The result of this study work displayed that
Copper slag in addition recycled concrete aggregate can be efficiently used in physical concrete as a standby of
coarse aggregate and fine aggregate (sand) respectively.
Similar to Unit-1 Lecture-6- Light Weight Construction Materials by Brig. S.K. Sharma (20)
Admissions Open for BBA-LLB(Honours) - Join NCU Law School, Gurgaon (Delhi-NCR)THE NORTHCAP UNIVERSITY
Admissions Open for BBA-LLB(Honours) (5 years Integrated Degree Programme), LLM (1 year Degree Programme) and PhD Programme
http://www.ncuindia.edu/ncu/school-of-law/course-matrix-bballb-h
Admission open for M.tech 2016 in Civil Engineering - The Northcap University...THE NORTHCAP UNIVERSITY
Admission open for M.tech 2016 in Civil Engineering, Session Starts in July, 2016 - http://www.ncuindia.edu/schools/school-of-engg-technology/dept-of-civil-env-engg/postgraduate-programmes
Last Date for Application 20 June 2016 - http://www.ncuindia.edu/schools/school-of-engg-technology/dept-of-eece/courses-offered/bachelors-of-technology-in-electronics-communication-engineering
We have compiled the most important slides from each speaker's presentation. This year’s compilation, available for free, captures the key insights and contributions shared during the DfMAy 2024 conference.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
CW RADAR, FMCW RADAR, FMCW ALTIMETER, AND THEIR PARAMETERSveerababupersonal22
It consists of cw radar and fmcw radar ,range measurement,if amplifier and fmcw altimeterThe CW radar operates using continuous wave transmission, while the FMCW radar employs frequency-modulated continuous wave technology. Range measurement is a crucial aspect of radar systems, providing information about the distance to a target. The IF amplifier plays a key role in signal processing, amplifying intermediate frequency signals for further analysis. The FMCW altimeter utilizes frequency-modulated continuous wave technology to accurately measure altitude above a reference point.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024)ClaraZara1
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024) will provide an excellent international forum for sharing knowledge and results in theory, methodology and applications of on Machine Learning & Applications.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...
Unit-1 Lecture-6- Light Weight Construction Materials by Brig. S.K. Sharma
1. LIGHT WEIGHT CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS
The Northcap University, Gurgaon1
UNIT-1
LECTURE - 6
Brig. S.K. Sharma (Retd.)
Pro Vice Chancellor and Professor
Department of Civil Engineering,
The Northcap University, Gurgaon
2. INDEX
WASTE MATERIAL BASED CONCRETE
ORGANIC WASTES
INORGANIC WASTES
2 The Northcap University, Gurgaon
3. WASTE MATERIAL-BASED CONCRETE
Recent investigations have made it possible to make
concrete using agro, urban and industrial waste
materials. Successful utilization of a waste material
depends on its use being economically competitive with the
alternate natural materials. These costs are primarily made
up of handling, processing and transportation.
The stability and durability of products made of concrete
using waste materials over the expected life span is of
utmost importance, particularly in relation to building and
structural applications. The forms in which they are used
are wide and varied: they may be used as a binder
material, as partial replacement of conventional
Portland cements or directly as aggregates in their
natural or processed states.
3 The Northcap University, Gurgaon
4. For discussion waste materials may be classified as
Organic wastes (agro-wastes), Inorganic wastes (urban
wastes) and Industrial wastes.
A. ORGANIC WASTES
The waste materials included in this category are of plant
origin, namely sawdust, coconut pith, rice husk, wheat
husk, groundnut husk, etc. It must be appreciated that
development of concrete using such aggregates is still in
early stages and published data are limited. Before using
organic wastes on a large scale as constituents in
concrete, careful investigations regarding their
structural properties and durability need be carried out.
4 The Northcap University, Gurgaon
5. Uses Of Natural Organic Waste Materials
They are used for making lighweight concrete. However,
they often contain substances (cement poisons) which
retard the hydration and hardening of cement which need
be neutralized appropriately. Moreover, it is difficult to
obtain a waste material which is not a mixture of several
species. Consequently, there is a considerable variation
in results from batch to batch. The lightweight concrete
produced using organic wastes have comparatively high
moisture movement and show relatively higher percentage
of volume changes.
5 The Northcap University, Gurgaon
6. RICE HUSK
Huge quantities of rice husk are generated in rice mills. Each
tonne of paddy produces about 200 kg of husk. Because of its
very low density, rice husk requires large space for storage and
hauling. In India, it is disposed of by burning, thus reducing the
bulky waste to manageable volumes of ash of less than 50 per
cent of its initial volume but open burning creates severe
pollution problems.
Rick husk contains only very small quantities of water-soluble
cement poisons as compared to saw dust. It has a low bulk
density of only 100 to 150 kg/m3. The light weight concrete
of bulk density 600 kg/m3, produced using rice husk as an
aggregate is suitable mainly for making precast blocks and
slabs for walls and partitions.
6 The Northcap University, Gurgaon
7. Central building Research Institute, Roorkee has
developed a cheap cementing material from rice husk
and waste lime sludge available from the sugar and
paper industries. The dried cakes of mixture of sludge and
rice husk are burnt, and the burnt material on grinding
yields a fast-setting gray-colored cementing material
which can be used in place of cement or lime in mortars
for brick masonry work, plastering and foundation
concreting.
7 The Northcap University, Gurgaon
8. RICE-HUSK ASH CEMENT CONCRETE: The compressive
strengths of concretes made with rice-husk ash cement using
siliceous gravel and crushed limestone are given in the Table
below. The 28-day compressive strength using crushed limestone
aggregate is about 23 per cent higher than that obtained using
gravel aggregate, probably due to the formation of a stronger
interfacial bond between the cement paste and aggregate.
Because of black color of rice-husk cements, these cements
can be used to make permanent black concrete for glare-free
pavements and architectural applications. These concretes show
better long-term color stability than that obtained by using coloring
pigments.
Aggregate type
Compressive strength, MPa
3 days 7 days 28 days
Crushed
aggregate
29 39 47
Gravel
aggregate
24 33 38
8 The Northcap University, Gurgaon
9. Rice-husk ash when mixed with sand and lime in
suitable proportions with an appropriate quantity of water
can be used to cast bricks. These require air curing
followed by wet curing before being used. The rice-husk
ash bricks have a density of 1400-1600 kg/m3 and
compressive strength of 5-6 Mpa. The water absorption is
15-20 per cent.
9 The Northcap University, Gurgaon
10. B. INORGANIC WASTE
The inorganic wastes which are hard, particularly, the demolition
waste such as broken concrete, broken bricks and crushed
glass can be used to produce concretes of requisite strength
and durability.
BROKEN OR RECYCLED CONCRETE: Huge quantities of
building rubble become available each year by the way of
demolition of old structures to make way for new and modern
ones due to rapid urbanization. The quantities increase
tremendously during massive reconstruction after devastating
earthquakes. Disposal of such materials is difficult in view of the
scarcity of suitable dumping grounds, and meeting the
environmental requirements. Hence, the broken concrete is
increasingly being recycled. Recycled concrete is simply the
old concrete that has been removed from buildings,
foundations, pavements and other structures and crushed
to the specified size.10 The Northcap University, Gurgaon
11. The basic requirements for recycled aggregates for concrete
construction is that the original concrete shall be sound,
hard, normal concrete. As a rule, recycled concrete
aggregate of distinctly different qualities shall be used
separately. The cement mortar attached to the recycled
aggregate primarily determines the performance of recycled
concrete.
Finishing materials, reinforcing bars and other embedded
material, if any, in the original concrete shall be removed in
the best possible way.
Recycled aggregates shall not contain excessive amounts of
dirt, plaster of Paris or gypsum and other injurious foreign
matter like wood and asphalt which may adversely affect
recycled aggregate concrete and steel used therein.
11 The Northcap University, Gurgaon
12. PRODUCTION: The basic method of the recycling concrete
is one of crushing the debris to produce a granular product of
given particle size and then reprocessing and screening, the
degree of which depends on the level of contamination and
the application for which recycled aggregate is produced.
Recycled aggregates normally have more angular shape and
more coarser surface and exhibit more or less similar particle
size distribution as that for natural aggregate.
12 The Northcap University, Gurgaon
13. PROPERTIES OF RECYCLED AGGREGATE CONCRETE:
The concrete produced with recycled aggregate loses its
workability more rapidly than the conventional concrete,
because recycled aggregate is more porous than natural
aggregate. Thus concrete with recycled concrete aggregate
may require 5 to 10 per cent more mixing water to
achieve the same workability as the gravel concrete. If
both fine and coarse aggregates are recycled aggregates,
around 15 per cent more free water is required.
13 The Northcap University, Gurgaon
14. APPLICATIONS: Utilization of recycled concrete in the
form of aggregate is widely accepted for pavements,
base and sub-base courses and to some extent for
foundation purposes. The lean concretes produced using
recycled aggregate are called ‘econo cretes’ and have
resulted in a saving in the cost of construction of order of 30
percent.
BROKEN-BRICK AGGREGATE CONCRETE: Broken brick
is a waste product obtained as rejected overburnt or
damaged bricks in brick work and at construction sites.
Broken-brick aggregate is obtained by crushing waste
bricks and has a density varying between 1600-2000
kg/m3. It is used in concrete for foundation in light buildings,
flooring and walkways. Broken-brick aggregate may also be
used in lightweight reinforced concrete floors. Broken-brick
concrete can be designed to obtain the compressive
strength between 15 MPa to 35 Mpa generally required in
practice and such a concrete possesses satisfactory
structural properties.14 The Northcap University, Gurgaon