This document discusses international terrorism and the global war against it. It defines terrorism and outlines the rise of Islamic terrorist groups like al Qaeda. It examines Osama bin Laden's path from fighting the Soviets in Afghanistan to targeting the US through attacks like 9/11. The document also summarizes the US response under the Bush administration, including the preemptive Bush Doctrine against terrorist networks and rogue states.

1. International Terrorism And the War Against It Credit to Mr. Price

2. Intro to Terrorism

3. What thoughts and emotions do thesephotographs evoke?

6. a foreign government.

7. a foreign supporter of one’s own government.

8. Definitions of Terrorism : “Premeditated and politically motivated violence perpetrated against noncom- batant targets by subnational groups or clandestine agents, usually intended to influence an audience. -U.S. State Department “The deliberate use of violence against civilians for political or religious ends.” -Council of Foreign Relations “Illegal attacks and threats against people or property by a group for the purpose of weakening a hated political authority. - IR text

9. There is no universally accepted definition of terrorism. Why not? UN tried to draft definition of terrorism in 2002, but failed because of disagreements over which groups should be treated as terrorists. Some would exempt “national liberation movements” or those “resisting occupation.” “One Man’s Terrorist is Another Man’s Freedom Fighter””

10. International Terrorism What is it? When the victims, targets, terrorists, means, or location of the terrorist attack involve more than one country.

11. Number of International Terrorist Attacks 1990-2006

12. Locations of Worst Attacks

15. Syria*

16. Sudan

17. Cuba * Most active state sponsors today:

18. Islamic Terrorism

20. Deaths Due to Terrorism / Suicide Bombings 1998-2007

22. Islamic Fundamentalism“Islamic Extremism” or “Radical Islam”

23. Beliefs / Goals of Islamic Fundamentalism 1. Wants to return to a strict, conservative, “pure” Islam as practiced in the 7th century by the Prophet Mohammad. 2. Rejects Western ideas and practices. Wants to rid Muslim world of all Western influences. Views Western culture as corrupting, immoral, and materialistic. 3. Wants to establish Islamic governments based on Islamic law (Shari’a) throughout the Muslim world.

25. 5. Opposed to democracy because it puts the will of the people and man-made law ahead of God’s commandments.

30. Wanted: Dead or Alive

31. Where is bin Laden?

32. Al Qaeda: Targeting the U.S. 1998 U.S. embassies bombed in Kenya and Tanzania. 2000 Bombing of U.S.S. Cole in Yemen killed 17 sailors.

33. Al Qaeda: A Global Terrorist Network

34. Major Terrorist Attacks Since 9-11 London 2005 Madrid 2004 Mumbai 2008 Bali 2002

36. September 11, 2001

37. The Headlines

38. The Hijackers

40. The War on Terrorism

41. Bush’s Response Characterized attacks as “more than acts of terror, they were acts of war”. “We will make no distinction between the terrorists who committed these acts and those who harbor them.” Viewed war on terrorism with “moral clarity” - as a war between good and evil. Bush's speech to nation on 9-11 Bush speech to Congress on 9-20

42. Bush’s Response “Every nation, in every region, now has a decision to make: Either you are with us, or you are with the terrorists.” Recruited worldwide coalition to fight a “war on terrorism.”

46. Preemption vs. Prevention Sounded more like preventive war, not preemption. What’s the difference? Preemption involves the use of force to stop an imminent threat. Prevention involves the use of force to stop potential or future threats.