PPT DISEÑADO POR ALBERTO ARANDA, PROFESOR DEL IES NICOLÁS SALMERÓN DE ALMERÍA PARA LA DIDÁCTICA BILINGÜE DE LA REVOLUCIÓN INDUSTRIAL EN 4º ESO

2. IT IS A FAST AND DEEP CHANGE THAT AFFECTS THE STRUCTURES OF A SOCIETY. MOREOVER
ACCELERATES THE HISTORICAL TRANSFORMATIONS
THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION WAS THE CHANGE FROM AN AGRARIAN AND HANDICRAFT
ECONOMY TO ONE MARKED BY THE INDUSTRY
.
IT BEGAN IN ENGLAND IN THE MID-EIGHTEENTH CENTURY (1750) AND LATER EXPANDED
FOR MANY COUNTRIES IN EUROPE, USA AND JAPAN IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY.

3. POLITIC SITUATION:
-- Survival of the Old Regime that hindered the development Industrial, except in England
was the first country to introduce liberal ideas.
-- Absolute monarchy that did not invest in industry. Only in luxury industries
The king only made absolutist laws that sought the advancement of society.
high taxes on the bourgeoisie, not the nobility (this hampers investment).

4. ECONOMIC SITUATION:
-- ¾ of the population is engaged in agriculture. Subsistence farming that there wasn`t surplus
to trade. Human and animal energy resources.
-- Guilds still existed. These were artisanal, just invested capital for development.
Used a very rudimentary equipment and tools. There was little specialization of labor.
-- Trade: was just important long distance trade of luxury goods for the rich.
Domestic trade was a disaster (bad communications, customs, etc)

5. SOCIAL SITUATION:
-- Most of the population were landless peasants who worked for a gentleman or a bourgeois
in estates and their conditions were miserable.
-- The cities were not yet important, most of the population lived in villages.
-- The birth rate was very high and also mortality, so the population didn`t grew. There were
many deaths due to poor development of medicine, hygiene and famine.

6. DOMESTIC
SYSTEM
PUTTING OUT
SYSTEM
FACTORY SYSTEM

7. OPENFIELDS ENCLOSURES
OPENFIELD
ENCLOSURE
ENCLOSURE ACTS
“BARBECHO” NORFOLK SYSTEM

8. TECHNICAL INNOVATIONS: PLANTER, HARVESTER, THRESHER
NEW FERTILIZERS.
SELECTIVE BREEDING CATTLE: DAILY MEAT CONSUMPTION.

9. INCREASED PRODUCTION
FOOD
SURPLUS
IMPROVEMENT IN
FOOD
ECONOMIC
BENEFITS
REDUCTION IN
MORTALITY
SURPLUS LABOR FIELD
PEASANT EMIGRATED O THE
CITIES FOR WORK AS A INDUSTRIAL
WORKERS IN THE NEW FACTORIES

11. BIRTH RATE
MORTALITY
RATE
1.- IMPROVEMENTS IN AGRICULTURE PRODUCTION
2.- IMPROVED HYGIENE: SEWER, TOILET ...
3. IMPROVEMENTS IN MEDICINE: VACCINES
4. END OF EPIDEMIC
5. PERIOD WITHOUT WAR
1. BROADER MARKET
2. ABUNDANT WORKING HAND WORK
LIFE EXPECTANCY: FROM 38 YEARS TO 55 YEARS

14. IMPORTANCE AND PRESTIGE FOR TECHNICAL DEGREES
HUMAN STRENGTH
POWER ANIMAL
HYDRAULIC POWER
STEAM ENGINE
INVENTED BY JAMES WATT FACTORY SYSTEM DIVISION Y EXPERTISE

15. IT WAS THE PIONEERING INDUSTRY.
WHY?
DEMAND FOR CLOTHES
NEW POPULATION
LARGE COLONY
FABRICS AT LOW PRICES
SPINNING
TEXTILE INDUSTRY
TWO PROCESSES
WEAVING
MAIN TECHNICALS INNOVATIONS
1765: HARGREAVES– SPINNING JENNY
1767: ARKWRIGHT– WATER FRAME
1779: CROMPTON– MULE JENNY
1733: KAY– SHUTTLE WHEEL
1785: CARTWRIGHT– MECHANICAL LOOM

16. SHUTTLE WHEEL MANUAL LOOM MECHANICAL LOOM
SPINNING JENNY WATER FRAME MULE JENNY

17. CHART OF INDUSTRIAL GROWTH
IN TEXTILE SECTOR DUE TO NEW
TECHNICAL INNOVATIONS.

18. IT WAS ANOTHER PIONEERING INDUSTRY.
¿WHY?
NEW TOOLS
NEW MACHINES
RAILWAY
MAIN TECHNICAL INNOVATIONS IN THE STEEL INDUSTRY
PUDDLE TECHNIC FOR
IRON BY HENRY CORT
BESSEMER CONVERTER

19. IT IS IMPORTANT TO HAVE A GOOD COMMUNICATION NETWORK
 ENGLAND HAS AN APPROPRIATE RELIEF: PAVED ROADS.
 INTENSE RAINFALL ARE DOING THEIR RIVERS WATERWAY
 INVENTION OF RAILWAY.
THE RAILWAY
WAGONS USED TO TRANSPORT COAL
STEPHENSON INVENTED THE STEAM LOCOMOTIVE
WAGON + LOCOMOTIVE
RAILWAY
CONSEQUENCES
REDUCTION IN TIME TRAVEL
LOWER COSTS PRODUCTION
INDUSTRIAL GROWTH AND TRADE

20. THE RAILWAY

21. STEAM BOAT
SAILING BOAT STEAM BOAT

28. CREATE A NEW COMPANY
BUY NEW EQUIPMENT
EXPANDING COMPANY
ASK FOR MONEY TO FAMILY
ASK FOR MONEY TO BANKS
TO CREATE AN ANONYMOUS SOCIETY
HOW?
ANONYMOUS SOCIETY
OPERATION OF A BANK
BANKS
COMPANIES SAVERS
SAVERS KEEP THE MONEY IN THE BANK
IN EXCHANGE FOR INTERESTS.
THE BANK LEND MONEY TO COMPANIES
IN EXCHANGE FOR INTERESTS.

30. CHRONOLOGY: FROM 1870 TO 1914 BRITAIN LOSES HIS ROLE
ELECTRICITY OIL
• VOLTE INVENTED THE BATTERY
• GRAMME INVENTED THE DYNAMO
• EDISON INVENTED THE LIGHT BULB
• FIRST POWER PLANTS
PHONE, TELEGRAPH,RADIO
SUBWAY Y TRAM
LIGHTING HOUSES AND STREETS
COMBUSTION ENGINE (BENZ)
EXPLOSION ENGINE( DIESEL)
GASOLINE, DIESEL AND KEROSENE
IMPORTANCE IN THE AUTOMOTIVE

31. THE CHEMICAL INDUSTRY
- DYE
- EXPLOSIVES
- FERTILIZERS
- MEDICINES
--CAUCHO
--ETC
NEW STEEL INDUSTRY
-- NICKEL
-- STAINLESS STEEL
-- ALUMINUM
THE FOOD INDUSTRY
-- CANS
-- INDUSTRIAL FRIDGES

35. TAYLORISM
FORDISM
EXPERTISE AND DIVISION OF LABOR
TIMING TIME
QUANTITY PRODUCTION
CHAIN ASSEMBLY
TAYLOR
FORD

37. ESTATE SOCIETY
CLASS SOCIETY
-- END OF THE PRIVILEGES
-- LEGAL EQUALITY
-- SAME RIGHTS AND FREEDOMS
-- BASED ON THE WEALTH

38. WORKERS HOUSING BOURGEOISE HOUSING

39. DEFINITION: INITIATIVES UNDERTAKEN BY THE WORKERS TRYING TO IMPROVE THEIR
LIVING CONDITIONS. CAME IN INDUSTRIAL COUNTRIES MORE
LUDDITE
--DESTRUCTION MACHINES
CHARTISM
TRADE UNIONS
FRIENDLY SOCIETIES
FINANCIAL
CONTRIBUTIONS FOR
MUTUAL AID WORKERS.
UNEMPLOYMENT,
SICKNESS OR
WIDOWHOOD